Review
Allergy
Doreen Siegels, Annice Heratizadeh, Susanne Abraham, Jonas Binnmyr, Knut Brockow, Alan D. Irvine, Susanne Halken, Charlotte G. Mortz, Carsten Flohr, Peter Schmid-Grendelmeier, Lauri-Ann Van der Poel, Antonella Muraro, Stephan Weidinger, Thomas Werfel, Jochen Schmitt
Summary: This study critically evaluated systemic treatments for moderate-to-severe AD, with the most reliable and safe trial evidence found for the use of dupilumab in adults for up to 1 year. Limited evidence-based conclusions were drawn for other systemic treatments due to methodological restrictions. Therefore, head-to-head trials with novel systemic treatments are needed to clarify the future role of conventional therapies.
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Franz J. Legat
Summary: Atopic dermatitis is a common inflammatory skin disease affecting up to 20% of children and 10% of adults in higher income countries, with chronic pruritus as a major symptom causing significant impact on quality of life. New systemic and topical treatments targeting specific cytokines and receptors have ushered in a new era in atopic dermatitis and pruritus therapy.
FRONTIERS IN MEDICINE
(2021)
Review
Medicine, General & Internal
Kazuhiko Yamamura, Takeshi Nakahara
Summary: Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a common chronic inflammatory skin disease characterized by barrier dysfunction and immune dysregulation. Recent studies have led to the development of various narrow targeting therapies for AD. Topical medications such as Janus kinase (JAK) inhibitors, phosphodiesterase 4 inhibitors, and the aryl hydrocarbon receptor agonist tapinarof are effective and safe for AD compared to corticosteroids. Oral JAK inhibitors and monoclonal antibodies targeting interleukin (IL)-4, IL-13, IL-31, IL-33, OX40, thymic stromal lymphopoietin, and sphingosine 1-phosphate signaling have shown outstanding efficacy for moderate-to-severe AD.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MEDICINE
(2022)
Review
Allergy
Eden David, Benjamin Ungar, Yael Renert-Yuval, Paola Facheris, Ester del Duca, Emma Guttman-Yassky
Summary: Atopic dermatitis is a common and chronic inflammatory skin disease with significant physical, emotional, and socioeconomic burdens. Recent advances in understanding its pathogenesis have revealed the involvement of immune axes beyond the Th2 pathway. Different AD endotypes, influenced by environment, genetics, and race, exhibit distinct immune profiles, including Th17, Th22, and Th1. Current biologic therapies target the Th2 pathway, but new therapies under development aim to target other immune axes, providing hope for more varied treatments for this heterogeneous disease. Integration of these experimental biologics into clinical practice may offer more effective and tailored therapeutic solutions for a diverse patient population, while also enhancing our understanding of the pathology of AD.
CLINICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL ALLERGY
(2023)
Review
Allergy
Jennifer B. Mancuso, Stephanie S. Lee, Amy S. Paller, Yukihiro Ohya, Lawrence F. Eichenfield
Summary: Effective management of severe atopic dermatitis in pediatric patients is crucial for improving symptoms and reducing the impact of the disease on daily life. Evaluation of long-term disease severity and selection of appropriate treatments are essential for measuring treatment response and long-term care.
JOURNAL OF ALLERGY AND CLINICAL IMMUNOLOGY-IN PRACTICE
(2021)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Giulia Radi, Anna Campanti, Federico Diotallevi, Emanuela Martina, Andrea Marani, Annamaria Offidani
Summary: Atopic dermatitis is a common chronic inflammatory and immune-mediated skin disease, and current treatments have limited efficacy. However, recent advances in understanding its pathophysiology have led to the discovery of new therapeutic targets and the development of promising drugs.
Article
Dermatology
Hidehisa Saeki, Masashi Akiyama, Masatoshi Abe, Atsuyuki Igarashi, Shinichi Imafuku, Yukihiro Ohya, Norito Katoh, Hideto Kameda, Kenji Kabashima, Yuichiro Tsunemi, Michihiro Hide, Mamitaro Ohtsuki
Summary: This guidance is important for board-certified dermatologists specialized in treating atopic dermatitis (AD) and aims to promote the proper use of biologics. When treating AD, disease factors, treatment factors, and patients' background characteristics should be considered and shared with patients when choosing treatment options.
JOURNAL OF DERMATOLOGY
(2023)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Katherine A. Kelly, Adaora Ewulu, Veronica K. Emmerich, Courtney E. Heron, Steven R. Feldman
Summary: The rates of refractory pediatric psoriasis and atopic dermatitis have increased over the last few decades, mainly due to poor medication adherence. Solutions include simplifying treatment regimens and increasing follow-ups, while biologic therapy and immunosuppressants can be used as adjunctive treatments.
Review
Allergy
J. C. Armario-Hita, M. Galan-Gutierrez, J. M. Dodero-Anillo, J. M. Carrascosa, R. Ruiz-Villaverde
Summary: Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a chronic inflammatory skin disease with complex etiology and pathogenesis. Treatment options for moderate-to-severe AD include topical corticosteroids, calcineurin inhibitors, Janus kinase inhibitors, and interleukin inhibitors. This review summarizes the efficacy and safety of these drugs based on clinical trials and real-world experience, providing guidance for optimal therapy selection.
JOURNAL OF INVESTIGATIONAL ALLERGOLOGY AND CLINICAL IMMUNOLOGY
(2023)
Review
Medicine, General & Internal
Georgia Pappa, Dimitrios Sgouros, Konstantinos Theodoropoulos, Antonios Kanelleas, Evangelia Bozi, Stamatios Gregoriou, Konstantinos Krasagakis, Alexander C. Katoulis
Summary: Atopic dermatitis is a complex inflammatory skin disease with multiple underlying factors. Recent studies have highlighted the important roles of interleukins-4 and -13 in the pathogenesis of atopic dermatitis. Novel therapeutic approaches targeting Th2 cytokines and their pathways offer potential for optimizing the treatment of atopic dermatitis.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MEDICINE
(2022)
Review
Pediatrics
Jennifer B. Scott, Amy S. Paller
Summary: New and emerging therapies for pediatric atopic dermatitis have been developed based on recent research highlighting the importance of type 2 immunity and the interplay between the skin immune system, epidermal barrier, and microbiome in the pathogenesis of the disease. These therapies include both topical and systemic agents, offering more targeted treatment options for a broader range of children and adolescents with moderate-to-severe atopic dermatitis.
CURRENT OPINION IN PEDIATRICS
(2021)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Edyta Jura-Szoltys, Lesia Rozlucka, Radoslaw Gawlik, Joanna Gluck
Summary: According to the analysis, the use of paraformaldehyde as a dental material can cause delayed hypersensitivity reactions, which can be life-threatening. Approximately 50% of patients treated with paraformaldehyde had positive specific IgE levels. Compared to the control group, the level of certainty of anaphylactic reaction after paraformaldehyde application was significantly higher in the PF-positive group according to the Brighton criteria.
Review
Dermatology
Kelsey B. Nusbaum, Catherine M. Nguyen, Alan B. Fleischer
Summary: Emerging biologics, such as Dupilumab, lebrikizumab, and nemolizumab, show promising efficacy and safety profiles for the treatment of atopic dermatitis. These targeted biologics have demonstrated improvement in clinical severity and pruritus in clinical trials, making them potential options for treatment-resistant atopic dermatitis.
JOURNAL OF DERMATOLOGICAL TREATMENT
(2022)
Article
Dermatology
T. Torres, M. J. Paiva-Lopes, M. Goncalo, C. Claro, M. Oliveira, J. Gomes, A. P. Vieira, P. Amoedo, M. Alpalhao, M. Nogueira, F. Santiago, M. Henrique, C. Amaro, T. Esteves, J. Alves, D. Cerejeira, P. Mendes-Bastos, M. Pestana, L. Ramos, J. Rocha, R. Carvalho, L. Teixeira, M. Selores, A. Mota, P. Filipe
Summary: Dupilumab, an IL-4 and IL-13 inhibitor, has been shown to be an effective and safe therapeutic option for the treatment of atopic dermatitis (AD). This study provides real-world data demonstrating its efficacy and safety in a nationwide cohort of AD patients.
JOURNAL OF DERMATOLOGICAL TREATMENT
(2022)
Review
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Qianyu Chen, Lian Cui, Zeyu Chen, Yunlu Gao, Yuling Shi
Summary: This systematic review and meta-analysis evaluated the short-term efficacy and safety of biologics, JAK inhibitors, and their combination with topical corticosteroids (TCS) for patients with atopic dermatitis (AD). The results showed that ruxolitinib and dupilumab are effective and safe treatments for mild to moderate AD and moderate to severe AD, respectively. The combination of dupilumab and TCS demonstrated greater efficacy and safety compared to other treatments, suggesting it as a potential alternative for moderate to severe AD.