Article
Ecology
Xiaoming Lu, Eryuan Liang, Yafeng Wang, Flurin Babst, J. Julio Camarero
Summary: The study aims to understand how climate change affects altitudinal treeline dynamics in the Northern Hemisphere from 1901 to 2018. The research found that treelines mostly ascended, with faster shifts in subarctic regions driven by precipitation, particularly in autumn. Climate warming and changing precipitation patterns have important implications for treeline dynamics, which should be considered in future assessments of global change impacts on alpine ecosystems.
GLOBAL ECOLOGY AND BIOGEOGRAPHY
(2021)
Article
Oncology
Annelieke A. Lemij, Gerrit Jan Liefers, Marloes G. M. Derks, Esther Bastiaannet, Marta Fiocco, Titia E. Lans, Carmen C. van der Pol, Annelie J. E. Vulink, Leander van Gerven, Onno R. Guicherit, Eugenie M. H. Linthorst-Niers, Jos W. S. Merkus, Thijs van Dalen, Johanneke E. A. Portielje, Nienke A. de Glas
Summary: This study aimed to assess changes in physical activity and activities of daily living in older breast cancer patients in the first 5 years after diagnosis, and identify factors associated with physical decline. The results showed that geriatric characteristics, loneliness, and depressive symptoms were associated with physical decline, while breast cancer treatment was not. Furthermore, the article highlighted that a decline in physical activity and the ability to perform activities of daily living may interfere with the quality of life in older patients.
Article
Oncology
Annelieke A. Lemij, Gerrit Jan Liefers, Marloes G. M. Derks, Esther Bastiaannet, Marta Fiocco, Titia E. Lans, Carmen C. Van der Pol, Annelie J. E. Vulink, Leander van Gerven, Onno R. Guicherit, Eugenie M. H. Linthorst-Niers, Jos W. S. Merkus, Thijs van Dalen, Johanneke E. A. Portielje, Nienke A. de Glas
Summary: This study aimed to assess changes in physical activity and activities of daily living in older breast cancer patients within the first 5 years after diagnosis, as well as identify factors associated with physical decline. The results showed that geriatric characteristics, loneliness, and depressive symptoms were closely related to physical decline, while breast cancer treatment was not. These findings suggest that a decline in physical activity and the ability to perform daily activities may negatively impact the quality of life in older patients.
Article
Veterinary Sciences
Conor Barry, Kristian Ellingsen-Dalskau, Randi Therese Garmo, StineGronmo Kischel, Christoph Winckler, Camilla Kielland
Summary: By assessing the welfare status of loose-housed dairy herds in Norway, this study aims to report their welfare conditions and investigate regional variations. The study reveals that there are both welfare challenges and positive findings in these herds, and there is some variation in welfare status among different regions.
FRONTIERS IN VETERINARY SCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Geological
Michael Long, Priscilla Paniagua, Gustav Grimstad, Egil Berg Antoniazzi Sponas, Endre Bjertness, Stefan Ritter
Summary: In the early 1960s, four full-scale trial embankments were constructed in Norway to find low-cost solutions for roads on peatlands. These embankments, constructed using locally sourced sand and sawdust, have remained in perfect condition for 60 years. The study characterized the peat properties at the two sites and found them to be consistent with local and international experience. Short-term settlement was controlled by applied load, while long-term settlement was governed by peat consolidation properties. Pore water pressure dissipated quickly and modeling using the Soft Soil Creep model captured settlement and pore pressure dissipation well.
ENGINEERING GEOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Mathematics, Applied
Xiaohua Niu, Xiaodong Yan
Summary: This study investigates the sharp interface limit and the existence of weak solutions for a phase field model of climb and self-climb of prismatic dislocation loops in periodic settings. The model features degenerate phase-dependent diffusion mobility with an additional stabilizing function and includes a nonlocal climb force in the chemical potential. Weak solutions for the nonlinear model are introduced, and the existence result is obtained through approximations with nondegenerate mobilities. Numerical simulations validate the phase field model, showing significant differences in the evolution time and pattern of prismatic dislocation loops with and without self-climb contribution.
JOURNAL OF COMPUTATIONAL AND APPLIED MATHEMATICS
(2024)
Article
Engineering, Mechanical
Chutian Huang, Shuyang Dai, Xiaohua Niu, Tianpeng Jiang, Zhijian Yang, Yejun Gu, Yang Xiang
Summary: This paper presents a continuum formulation for dislocation climb velocity based on densities of dislocations, which is an accurate approximation of the Green's function-based discrete dislocation dynamics method. The continuum dislocation climb formulation has the advantage of accounting for both the long-range effect of vacancy bulk diffusion and that of the Peach-Koehler climb force, and simplifies the calculation process in the Green's function-based discrete dislocation dynamics method. The obtained continuum dislocation climb velocity can be applied in any available continuum dislocation dynamics frameworks.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PLASTICITY
(2023)
Review
Psychology, Clinical
Dan J. Stein, Andrea C. Palk, Kenneth S. Kendler
Summary: The central question of defining mental disorder is explored through real-world case exemplars. Practical guidelines for future proposals are developed, focusing on the balance between harm and dysfunction when defining mental disorder, as well as incorporating evidence of diagnostic validity and clinical utility.
PSYCHOLOGICAL MEDICINE
(2021)
Article
Critical Care Medicine
Nobuyasu Wakazono, Arei Mizushima, Yukiko Maeda, Natsuko Taniguchi, Katsura Nagai, Atsuo Hattori, Toshiyuki Harada
Summary: A 60-year-old female care worker with no known comorbidities presented to the pulmonary clinic for assessment of a left hilar tumor detected on chest radiography. She was asymptomatic but desired a confirmative diagnosis.
Article
Oncology
Annelieke A. Lemij, Nienke A. de Glas, Marloes G. M. Derks, Eugenie M. H. Linthorst-Niers, Onno R. Guicherit, Carmen C. van der Pol, Titia E. Lans, Thijs van Dalen, Annelie J. E. Vulink, Jos W. S. Merkus, Leander van Gerven, Frederiek van den Bos, Nathaly Rius Ottenheim, Gerrit-Jan Liefers, Johanneke E. A. Portielje
Summary: This study aimed to evaluate depressive symptoms, loneliness, and apathy in older patients with breast cancer within the first 5 years after diagnosis. The results showed that 10% of patients had significant depressive symptoms, while loneliness and apathy were present in 31% and 41% of all patients, respectively, shortly after the acute treatment. These symptoms did not change over time in the whole cohort, and patients who received adjuvant systemic therapies had similar mental health outcomes as those who did not. However, frail patients were at higher risk of experiencing these symptoms.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF CANCER
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Yasuo Haruyama, Toshimi Sairenchi, Koji Uchiyama, Keisuke Suzuki, Koichi Hirata, Gen Kobashi
Summary: The prevalence of central sensitization syndromes (CSS) was found to be 4.2% in the overall study population, with significantly higher rates in women than in men. Factors such as age, sex, sleep hours, perceived stress, resilience, and exercise habits were found to be correlated with CSS. The prevalence of CSS was estimated to be low in healthy populations.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Aaron A. Kohnert, Laurent Capolungo
Summary: The initial microstructure of structural materials is influenced by thermo-mechanical treatments. Static recovery, an important process, is not fully understood. This study explores the kinetics of static recovery in pure Fe and proposes a revised recovery law based on dislocation climb, which is confirmed by experimental data.
NPJ COMPUTATIONAL MATERIALS
(2022)
Review
Plant Sciences
David G. Kingston
Summary: The author discusses his 60-year career in studying the chemistry of natural products, including structural, synthetic, and biosynthetic studies of various natural products like insect pigments, antibiotics, fecal mutagens, taxol, anticancer drugs, and antimalarial drugs. One compound, napabucasin, is highlighted as now being in phase III clinical trials as an anticancer drug.
JOURNAL OF NATURAL PRODUCTS
(2021)
Article
Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
Terence J. O'Kane, Paul A. Sandery, Vassili Kitsios, Pavel Sakov, Matthew A. Chamberlain, Dougal T. Squire, Mark A. Collier, Christopher C. Chapman, Russell Fiedler, Dylan Harries, Thomas S. Moore, Doug Richardson, James S. Risbey, Benjamin J. E. Schroeter, Serena Schroeter, Bernadette M. Sloyan, Carly Tozer, Ian G. Watterson, Amanda Black, Courtney Quinn, Richard J. Matear
Summary: The CSIRO Climate retrospective Analysis and Forecast Ensemble system, version 1 (CAFE60v1) provides a large ensemble retrospective analysis of the global climate system with 96 members, enabling studies on internal climate variability and predictability, and estimation of uncertainties in recent decades.
JOURNAL OF CLIMATE
(2021)
Article
Engineering, Civil
M. N. Lorenzo, I. Alvarez, J. J. Taboada
Summary: This study examines drought events in Galicia, NW Iberian Peninsula, from 1960 to 2020. The findings reveal an increase in the number and intensity of drought events towards the end of the period analyzed, with a trend of longer drought durations.
JOURNAL OF HYDROLOGY
(2022)
