Article
Engineering, Biomedical
Han Gyu Kang, Hideaki Tashima, Fumihiko Nishikido, Go Akamatsu, Hidekazu Wakizaka, Makoto Higuchi, Taiga Yamaya
Summary: A mouse brain PET prototype was successfully developed with a staggered 3-layer DOI detector, achieving clear identification of brain structures with high contrast. The use of DOI detector improved resolution and reduced inter-crystal scatter, resulting in good imaging performance.
PHYSICS IN MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Nils Martin Bruckmann, Julian Kirchner, Janna Morawitz, Lale Umutlu, Ken Herrmann, Ann-Kathrin Bittner, Oliver Hoffmann, Svjetlana Mohrmann, Marc Ingenwerth, Benedikt M. Schaarschmidt, Yan Li, Andreas Stang, Gerald Antoch, Lino M. Sawicki, Christian Buchbender
Summary: This study compared the diagnostic accuracy of contrast-enhanced CT and whole-body PET/MRI in N and M staging in newly diagnosed breast cancer patients. The results showed that PET/MRI had significantly higher sensitivity and accuracy in N staging compared to CT, and also demonstrated better accuracy in M staging.
Article
Optics
Junjing Deng, Yudong Yao, Yi Jiang, Si Chen, Tim M. Mooney, Jeffrey A. Klug, Fabricio S. Marin, Christian Roehrig, Ke Yue, Curt Preissner, Zhonghou Cai, Barry Lai, Stefan Vogt
Summary: Ptychography is a high-resolution diffraction imaging technique that is sensitive to experimental variations. High-speed data acquisition with short exposure can minimize the impact of experimental variations, and continuous multi-pass scan via high-speed ptychography can achieve high-resolution imaging. This low-dose scan strategy is important for radiation-sensitive sample studies and time-resolved imaging.
Article
Optics
Geon Kim, Daewoong Ahn, Minhee Kang, Jinho Park, DongHun Ryu, YoungJu Jo, Jinyeop Song, Jea Sung Ryu, Gunho Choi, Hyun Jung Chung, Kyuseok Kim, Doo Ryeon Chung, In Young Yoo, Hee Jae Huh, Hyun-seok Min, Nam Yong Lee, YongKeun Park
Summary: The healthcare industry urgently needs rapid microbial identification techniques for treating microbial infections. This study proposes a microscopy-based framework that can identify pathogens from single cells or clusters, providing an effective tool for clinical applications.
LIGHT-SCIENCE & APPLICATIONS
(2022)
Article
Oncology
E. Wehrse, S. Sawall, L. Klein, P. Glemser, S. Delorme, H. -P. Schlemmer, M. Kachelriess, M. Uhrig, C. H. Ziener, L. T. Rotkopf
Summary: The study explored the potential of higher spatial resolution for imaging of bone metastases using Photon-counting detector (PCD) computed tomography (CT) technology. The experimental PCD CT scanning demonstrated improved visualization of lesion margins and content in breast cancer patients with bone metastases, suggesting a high potential for therapy monitoring in breast cancer. Further studies are warranted to confirm these findings.
Article
Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications
DongHun Ryu, Dongmin Ryu, YoonSeok Baek, Hyungjoo Cho, Geon Kim, Young Seo Kim, Yongki Lee, Yoosik Kim, Jong Chul Ye, Hyun-Seok Min, YongKeun Park
Summary: Optical diffraction tomography measures the three-dimensional refractive index map of a specimen and visualizes biochemical phenomena at the nanoscale in a non-destructive manner. The proposed deep neural network, DeepRegularizer, offers significant improvement in resolution of the refractive index map compared to conventional iterative methods. This data-driven approach shows potential for overcoming the high time complexity of image reconstructions in various imaging modalities.
IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON MEDICAL IMAGING
(2021)
Article
Engineering, Biomedical
Nils Krah, Denis Dauvergne, Jean Michel Letang, Simon Rit, Etienne Testa
Summary: This study examines the image noise in time-of-flight (TOF) proton computed tomography (CT) systems, which are an alternative solution for estimating the residual energy of protons and helium ions after the scanned object.
PHYSICS IN MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Luca Presotto, Valentino Bettinardi, Elisabetta De Bernardi
Summary: This study explored the impact of Time-of-Flight (TOF) on Positron Emission Tomography (PET) reconstructions. TOF can reduce image noise, lower the number of iterations, and improve quantification robustness. In the absence of TOF, maintaining contrast recovery can increase noise.
APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL
(2021)
Review
Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging
Judith van der Bie, Marcel van Straten, Ronald Booij, Daniel Bos, Marcel L. Dijkshoorn, Alexander Hirsch, Simran P. Sharma, Edwin H. G. Oei, Ricardo P. J. Budde
Summary: Photon-counting computed tomography (PCCT) is a new technology that offers higher spatial resolution, energy resolved imaging, and spectral post-processing compared to conventional CT techniques. This results in improved contrast-to-noise ratio, reduction in artifacts and potential dose, as well as elimination of electronic noise. The shift from pre-clinical studies to clinical research has been observed since the introduction of clinical PCCT in 2021. This review article focuses on the initial clinical results of PCCT, including the current PCCT systems, applications, and challenges.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF RADIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Urology & Nephrology
Yubo Tang, Alex Kortum, Imran Vohra, Richard A. Schwarz, Jennifer Carns, Christopher R. Kannady, Jonathan Clavell-Hernandez, Zhihong Hu, Nadeem Dhanani, Rebecca Richards-Kortum
Summary: This study introduced a novel and low-cost confocal HRME for in vivo imaging of bladder lesions, showing its effectiveness in identifying neoplastic bladder lesions and correlating with histopathology results.
JOURNAL OF ENDOUROLOGY
(2021)
Article
Engineering, Biomedical
Min Sun Lee, Joshua W. Cates, Andrea Gonzalez-Montoro, Craig S. Levin
Summary: Photon time-of-flight capability in PET can improve image SNR, especially with a CTR of 100 ps. The proposed side-coupled phoswich detector design shows promise in achieving high resolution and excellent performance in PET imaging.
PHYSICS IN MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Immunology
Qing Zhao, Xuexin He, Xiyi Qin, Yu Liu, Han Jiang, Jing Wang, Shuang Wu, Rui Zhou, Congcong Yu, Suling Liu, Hong Zhang, Mei Tian
Summary: This study explores a novel combination therapy for TNBC using Losartan and Dox-L in combination with alpha-PD1, demonstrating that it can optimize the efficacy by reducing the stroma and enhancing immune stimulation, which improves the immunosuppressive microenvironment and enhances anti-tumor immunity.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Atsushi Yagishita, Shin'ichiro Takeda, Kazunobu Ohnuki, Miho Katsuragawa, Oltea Sampetrean, Hirofumi Fujii, Tadayuki Takahashi
Summary: In this study, we developed a high-spatial-resolution and high-energy-resolution small animal SPECT scanner called CdTe-DSD SPECT-I. Using this scanner, we achieved successful multi-tracer SPECT imaging of submillimetre targets and dual-tracer in vivo imaging of submillimetre metastatic lesions, producing clear and quantitative images.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Biomedical
Diana Krueger, Silvia Galli, Berit Zeller-Plumhoff, D. C. Florian Wieland, Niccolo Peruzzi, Bjoern Wiese, Philipp Heuser, Julian Moosmann, Ann Wennerberg, Regine Willumeit-Roemer
Summary: In this study, the degradation and osseointegration behavior of two biodegradable Mg alloys based on gadolinium (Gd) were investigated. The results showed that both alloys formed a stable degradation layer and were surrounded by new bone tissue, suggesting their suitability as bone implant materials.
BIOACTIVE MATERIALS
(2022)
Article
Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging
Le Qin, Jingjing Huang, Pei Yu, Jing Yan, Yingqian Ge, Yong Lu, Fuhua Yan, Lei Wang, Lianjun Du
Summary: This study evaluated the agreement and reliability of DECT-derived vBMD measurements from excised human femoral heads compared to DXA and QCT, and found a high degree of accuracy after calibration.
EUROPEAN RADIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Mathematics, Applied
G. A. Jones, P. Huthwaite
Article
Acoustics
M. Huang, G. Sha, P. Huthwaite, S. I. Rokhlin, M. J. S. Lowe
JOURNAL OF THE ACOUSTICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA
(2020)
Article
Acoustics
M. Huang, G. Sha, P. Huthwaite, S. Rokhlin, M. J. S. Lowe
JOURNAL OF THE ACOUSTICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA
(2020)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Andreas A. E. Zimmermann, Peter Huthwaite, Brian Pavlakovic
Summary: This study investigates the use of the first-order shear-horizontal guided wave mode, SH1, to improve resolution limits in guided wave tomography. The results show a significant improvement in resolution, enabling reliable detection and sizing of defects up to 3T-by-3T, a long-pursued goal in guided wave tomography.
PROCEEDINGS OF THE ROYAL SOCIETY A-MATHEMATICAL PHYSICAL AND ENGINEERING SCIENCES
(2021)
Article
Acoustics
M. Huang, G. Sha, P. Huthwaite, S. Rokhlin, M. J. S. Lowe
Summary: This study develops a second-order approximation model and a three-dimensional finite element model for calculating scattering-induced attenuation in elastic wave propagation in polycrystals. The FE and analytical models show quantitative agreement in different frequency regimes, with grain shape affecting attenuation as frequency increases and attenuation anisotropy intensifying.
JOURNAL OF THE ACOUSTICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA
(2021)
Article
Acoustics
Georgios Sarris, Stewart G. Haslinger, Peter Huthwaite, Peter B. Nagy, Michael J. S. Lowe
Summary: This study uses high-fidelity two-dimensional finite element modeling to validate existing predictions and provide a unified approach to studying the problem of Rayleigh wave scattering from rough surfaces. The results show good agreement between theory and finite element results in the Rayleigh and stochastic scattering regimes, with power relationships obtained through dimensional analysis and simulations in the geometric regime. The method used for deriving three-dimensional theory can be verified by the insights provided in this study.
JOURNAL OF THE ACOUSTICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Peng Zuo, Peter Huthwaite
Summary: The study focuses on using mode conversion for thickness mapping in plate-like structures, finding that mode conversion can provide valuable information and lead to improved performance. Geometrical full waveform inversion (GFWI) is shown to be a suitable tool for handling mode conversion in quantitative thickness reconstruction.
PROCEEDINGS OF THE ROYAL SOCIETY A-MATHEMATICAL PHYSICAL AND ENGINEERING SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Ming Huang, Peter Huthwaite, Stanislav Rokhlin, Michael J. S. Lowe
Summary: This study investigates the scattering-induced elastic wave attenuation and phase velocity variation in three-dimensional untextured cubic polycrystals using the theoretical second-order approximation, Born approximation models, and the grain-scale finite-element model. The results show good agreement between the theoretical and finite-element models for materials with Zener anisotropy indices greater than 1. However, the agreement deteriorates as the anisotropy index increases. The finite-element model reveals strong scattering at low frequencies in strongly scattering materials that cannot be fully accounted for by the theoretical models. A semi-analytical model is proposed to address this issue and shows remarkable agreement with the finite-element model for all studied materials.
PROCEEDINGS OF THE ROYAL SOCIETY A-MATHEMATICAL PHYSICAL AND ENGINEERING SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Analytical
Filip Szlaszynski, Michael J. S. Lowe, Peter Huthwaite
Summary: Detection and assessment of defects in inaccessible locations in pipelines are challenging for many industries. This paper proposes the use of Plane Wave Imaging (PWI) in guided wave testing (GWT) to improve defect characterization in nearby locations. Experimental and finite element studies show that PWI achieves superior resolution compared to other synthetic focusing imaging techniques. The study concludes that PWI is a more attractive choice for pipe GWT, offering good resolution and high signal-to-noise ratio (SNR).
Article
Physics, Applied
Francesco Simonetti, Michael D. Uchic
Summary: The crystal structure of ice is important for the propagation and detection of ultrasonic waves. By controlling the growth of ice, different grain structures can be obtained, which can change the variation of ultrasonic signals. Furthermore, the properties of ice allow for the transmission of ultrasonic signals regardless of the angle formed between the beam and the ice-metal interface.
PHYSICAL REVIEW APPLIED
(2022)
Article
Acoustics
Georgios Sarris, Stewart G. Haslinger, Peter Huthwaite, Michael J. S. Lowe
Summary: The reduction in propagation speed of ultrasonic waves when passing through a fatigue zone has been studied, showing that shear waves are more affected than longitudinal waves. In this study, we validate the increased sensitivity of shear waves to fatigue by measuring the change in propagation speed on flat geometries. Using EMATs, we demonstrate the possibility of fatigue damage inspection on inner surfaces of pressure-containing components in the nuclear power industry.
IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON ULTRASONICS FERROELECTRICS AND FREQUENCY CONTROL
(2023)
Article
Materials Science, Characterization & Testing
Georgios Sarris, Stewart G. Haslinger, Peter Huthwaite, Michael J. S. Lowe
Summary: Fatigue zones in materials can be detected using ultrasonic waves, but the small changes in average propagation speed across the full thickness make it difficult to correlate with specific fatigue states. In this study, Rayleigh waves were used to amplify the changes in speed and successfully assessed fatigue states. The use of a stiffness-reducing finite-element modelling technique also provided accurate predictions of wave speed reduction.
NDT & E INTERNATIONAL
(2023)
Article
Acoustics
Georgios Sarris, Stewart G. G. Haslinger, Peter Huthwaite, Peter B. B. Nagy, Michael J. S. Lowe
Summary: In this study, the phenomenon of Rayleigh wave attenuation due to surface roughness is investigated using finite element modeling. The results show good agreement between the finite element results and theory in different scattering regimes, and also extend the validity of the theory.
JOURNAL OF THE ACOUSTICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA
(2023)
Article
Materials Science, Characterization & Testing
Francesco Simonetti
Summary: Cryo-ultrasonic testing is a nondestructive testing technique that uses polycrystalline ice as a solid couplant to inspect complex-shape metallic components. The performance of Cryo-UT in the presence of curved components is investigated, and the benefits of Cryo-UT over conventional immersion testing are demonstrated. The study proves the possibility of detecting side drilled holes inside curved objects placed behind curved walls and eliminates the ultrasonic shadow zones that occur with concave interfaces in immersion testing.
NDT & E INTERNATIONAL
(2023)
Article
Computer Science, Artificial Intelligence
Sebastian Eckel, Peter Huthwaite, Uwe Zscherpel, Andreas Schumm, Nicolas Paul
IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON IMAGE PROCESSING
(2020)
