Review
Physiology
Hongyi Duan, Xueqin Cai, Yingying Luan, Shuo Yang, Juan Yang, Hui Dong, Huihong Zeng, Lijian Shao
Summary: The intestine is composed of various types of cells that play important roles in digestion, absorption, neuroendocrine, and immune functions. The autonomic nervous system regulates cellular proliferation and function in the intestine. Understanding the distribution and function of the autonomic nervous system in the intestine could be helpful in treating intestinal diseases.
FRONTIERS IN PHYSIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
Katarzyna Kras, Halyna Rudyk, Siemowit Muszynski, Ewa Tomaszewska, Piotr Dobrowolski, Volodymyr Kushnir, Viktor Muzyka, Oksana Brezvyn, Marcin B. Arciszewski, Ihor Kotsyumbas
Summary: In an experiment where fumonisin was administered to pregnant rats, it was found that this mycotoxin did not significantly alter the structure of the offspring's intestine/enteric nervous system, but it did change the neurochemical profile of the enteric neurons.
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Camila Cristina Alves Machado, Paulo da Silva Watanabe, Joana D'Arc de Lima Mendes, Andreia Carla Eugenio Pupim, Silvia Miyazaki Ortigoza, Heloisa Goncalves Bergoc, Beatriz de Souza Lima Nino, Marcelo Biondaro Gois, Joao Luis Garcia, L. Ashley Blackshaw, Debora de Mello Goncales Sant'Ana, Eduardo Jose de Almeida Araujo
Summary: Toxoplasma gondii infection causes hypertrophy of the muscularis externa layer of the colon, loss of myenteric neurons, and altered motility pattern, but has no effect on gastrointestinal transit time and fecal pellet output.
NEUROGASTROENTEROLOGY AND MOTILITY
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Krystyna Makowska, Kamila Szymanska, Jaroslaw Calka, Slawomir Gonkowski
Summary: Bisphenol A (BPA) is a harmful substance used in plastic manufacturing, primarily affecting the stomach and intestines through gastrointestinal intoxication, potentially increasing the co-localization of NRG1 with other substances in the nervous system.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2021)
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
S. B. Panza, R. Vargas, S. L. Balbo, M. L. Bonfleur, D. C. T. Granzotto, D. M. G. Sant'Ana, G. A. Nogueira-Melo
Summary: This study indicates that perinatal exposure to glyphosate combined with a high-fat diet in adulthood increases the risk of jejunum inflammation and dysfunction. Specifically, exposure changes the morphology of the intestinal wall, increases certain cell types, and affects the enteric nervous system.
Article
Immunology
Amanda Gubert Alves dos Santos, Maria Gabriela Lima da Silva, Erick Lincoln Carneiro, Lainy Leiny de Lima, Andrea Claudia Bekner Silva Fernandes, Thais Gomes Verzignassi Silveira, Debora de Mello Goncales Sant'Ana, Gessilda de Alcantara Nogueira-Melo
Summary: In this study, the immune response components, morphological changes, and effects on neurons in the ileums of hamsters infected by three different strains of L. (V.) braziliensis were evaluated. The results showed an increase in blood leukocytes after infection, histopathological changes, and alterations in the organ histoarchitecture of infected hamsters. It was concluded that L. (V.) braziliensis infection caused time-dependent alterations in hamster ileums.
FRONTIERS IN CELLULAR AND INFECTION MICROBIOLOGY
(2021)
Review
Neurosciences
Luisa Seguella, Irene Palenca, Silvia Basili Franzin, Aurora Zilli, Giuseppe Esposito
Summary: Enteric glia, a unique population of peripheral neuroglia, display plastic and adaptative abilities, undergo phenotypic and functional changes, and engage in dynamic signaling with neurons and neighboring cells within the intestinal wall. They serve important roles in maintaining local homeostasis and sensing signals from luminal microbes, although further investigation is needed to fully understand this communication.
NEUROSCIENCE LETTERS
(2023)
Article
Neurosciences
Justine Blin, Camille Gautier, Philippe Aubert, Tony Durand, Thibauld Oullier, Laetitia Aymeric, Philippe Naveilhan, Damien Masson, Michel Neunlist, Kalyane Bach-Ngohou
Summary: Repeated acute stress (RASt) is associated with gastrointestinal dysfunctions. This study found that the cholinergic component in the enteric nervous system (ENS) plays a role in these dysfunctions, possibly through the glucocorticoid receptor (GR) system. The use of a GR-specific antagonist can prevent the effects on colonic acetylcholine levels and motility.
FRONTIERS IN NEUROSCIENCE
(2023)
Review
Virology
Yaqian Li, Qiuyu Chen, Liwei Wang, Xin Chen, Bangmao Wang, Weilong Zhong
Summary: Gastrointestinal motility disorders are closely related to viral infections of the enteric nervous system. Viruses can infect the enteric nervous system through various means and cause symptoms such as abdominal pain and diarrhea. Studies have found that viruses are a cause of some gastrointestinal motility disorders.
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Crystal Woods, Amanda R. Flockton, Laurie E. Wallace, Catherine M. Keenan, Wendy B. Macklin, Keith A. Sharkey, Jaime Belkind-Gerson
Summary: Proteolipid protein 1 (Plp1) is highly expressed in enteric glia and plays a regulatory role in gut motility and barrier function, possibly through the Erk1/2 pathway. The absence of myelin in the enteric nervous system suggests another role for Plp1 in the gut.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY-GASTROINTESTINAL AND LIVER PHYSIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Immunology
Nabil Parkar, Julie E. Dalziel, Nick J. Spencer, Patrick Janssen, Warren C. McNabb, Wayne Young
Summary: Gastrointestinal (GI) motility relies on the enteric nervous system (ENS) and is crucial for digestion. Dysfunction in the ENS can lead to constipation. Animal models have been developed to mimic constipation symptoms through pharmacological manipulations, and studies have shown an association between altered GI motility and gut microbial population. However, little is known about the changes in gut microbiota resulting from slowed GI motility induced by medication, and the current understanding is based on studies using faecal samples which do not accurately represent the intestinal microbiome. This study aimed to investigate how delayed GI transit, caused by opioid receptor agonism in the ENS, affects caecal microbiota composition, and the results showed significant differences in microbial composition between treatment groups, with Bacteroides being relatively abundant in the group with slowed GI transit.
FRONTIERS IN CELLULAR AND INFECTION MICROBIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
James R. R. Bayrer, Joel Castro, Archana Venkataraman, Kouki K. K. Touhara, Nathan D. D. Rossen, Ryan D. D. Morrie, Jessica Maddern, Aenea Hendry, Kristina N. N. Braverman, Sonia Garcia-Caraballo, Gudrun Schober, Mariana Brizuela, Fernanda M. M. Castro Navarro, Carla Bueno-Silva, Holly A. A. Ingraham, Stuart M. M. Brierley, David Julius
Summary: Gastrointestinal discomfort is a common symptom of gut disorders and chronic visceral pain, especially in patients with irritable bowel syndrome. Enterochromaffin (EC) cells, which are rare serotonergic neuroendocrine cells in the gut epithelium, play a crucial role in detecting and transmitting noxious stimuli to nerve endings. The activation and dysfunction of EC cells are associated with hypersensitivity to gut distension and the inflammatory effects of certain fatty acids. Additionally, prolonged EC cell activation leads to persistent visceral hypersensitivity and anxiety-like behaviors. Furthermore, there are notable sex differences in the involvement of the EC cell-mucosal afferent circuit.
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
A. C. E. Pupim, C. R. Basso, C. C. A. Machado, P. S. Watanabe, G. S. A. Fernandes, R. P. ErthalL, G. B. C. Sodre, F. A. Guarnier, A. N. C. Simao, E. J. A. Araujo
Summary: This study aims to evaluate the effects of prolonged oral exposure to low levels of Malathion on the structure and motility of the colon in young rats. The results showed that long-term exposure to Malathion caused changes in colonic morphophysiology, highlighting the need for better control and care in the use of this pesticide.
Review
Immunology
Nathalie Stakenborg, Guy E. Boeckxstaens
Summary: This review discusses the importance of cross-talk between the nervous system, enteric neurons, and immune cells in intestinal homeostasis and inflammatory bowel disease. It highlights the potential of using neuronal circuits as a novel therapeutic tool, but also points out the various challenges ahead.
INTERNATIONAL IMMUNOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Silvia Cerantola, Valentina Caputi, Gabriella Contarini, Maddalena Mereu, Antonella Bertazzo, Annalisa Bosi, Davide Banfi, Dante Mantini, Cristina Giaroni, Maria Cecilia Giron
Summary: This study evaluated the impact of DAT genetic reduction on the integrity of the enteric nervous system in mice, finding that reduced DAT activity led to increased dopamine-mediated effects, decreased cholinergic response, and altered neurochemical coding and architecture of the small intestine myenteric plexus.
Editorial Material
Surgery
Meghal Shah, Tejas S. Sathe, Sukriti Bansal, Anai N. Kothari, Sophie Dream
JOURNAL OF SURGICAL RESEARCH
(2024)
Letter
Surgery
Zafer Turkyilmaz, Ramazan Karabulut, Kaan Sonmez
JOURNAL OF SURGICAL RESEARCH
(2024)
Letter
Surgery
Priyanka Jadhav, Gerald Gollin
JOURNAL OF SURGICAL RESEARCH
(2024)
Review
Surgery
Kheira Hireche, Ludovic Canaud, Pierre Antoine Peyron, Linda Sakhri, Isabelle Serres, Sanaa Kamel, Youcef Lounes, Thomas Gandet, Pierre Alric
Summary: This study evaluated the elastic properties of commonly used vascular substitutes for pulmonary artery replacement and compared their compliance and stiffness indexes to human pulmonary artery. The results showed that allogenic arterial grafts appeared to be the most suitable vascular substitutes in terms of compliance and stiffness for PA replacement.
JOURNAL OF SURGICAL RESEARCH
(2024)
Article
Surgery
Margaret Siu, Aixa Perez Coulter, Heather M. Grant, Reginald Alouidor, Michael Tirabassi
Summary: There is no significant difference in adverse respiratory events between intubated, critically ill patients requiring operative intervention who are kept NPO for 6 hours or longer compared to those kept NPO for less than 6 hours. Patients commonly experience periods of fasting much longer than the recommended 6-hour period by the American Society of Anesthesiologists.
JOURNAL OF SURGICAL RESEARCH
(2024)
Article
Surgery
Whitney Elks, Allison G. McNickle, Matthew Kelecy, Kavita Batra, Shirley Wong, Shawn Wang, Lisa Angotti, Deborah A. Kuhls, Charles St Hill, Syed F. Saquib, Paul J. Chestovich, Douglas R. Fraser
Summary: This study aimed to compare the effects of early and late enteral feeding after PEG placement on achieving nutritional therapy goals and adverse outcomes. The results showed that patients with early initiation of feeds achieved a higher percentage of goals on day 0 without an increased rate of adverse events.
JOURNAL OF SURGICAL RESEARCH
(2024)
Article
Surgery
Manisha B. Bhatia, Cassandra M. Anderson, Abdiwahab N. Hussein, Brian Opondo, Nereah Aruwa, Otieno Okumu, Sarah G. Fisher, Tasha Sparks Joplin, JoAnna L. Hunter-Squires, Brian W. Gray, Peter W. Saula
Summary: This study aimed to understand postoperative pediatric nutrition practices in Kenya and the United States. The results showed that in the United States, patients initiated enteral nutrition earlier and had shorter hospital stays. However, in Kenya, patients initiated enteral nutrition earlier but had no significant difference in hospital stays.
JOURNAL OF SURGICAL RESEARCH
(2024)
Article
Surgery
David P. Stonko, Joseph Edwards, Hossam Abdou, Rebecca Treffalls, Patrick Walker, Jonathan J. Morrison
Summary: Raising mean arterial pressure (MAP) >90 mmHg with norepinephrine can increase gastroduodenal artery (GDA) flow and delay bowel ischemia.
JOURNAL OF SURGICAL RESEARCH
(2024)
Article
Surgery
David R. Mann, Kathryn E. Engelhardt, Barry C. Gibney, Macelyn E. Batten, Eric C. Klipsch, Rupak Mukherjee, Ian C. Bostock
Summary: Pathologic upstaging is associated with decreased overall survival in cT1b esophageal cancer. Esophagectomy has better survival outcomes compared to endoscopic local tumor excision. Neoadjuvant chemoradiation therapy does not improve overall survival in cT1b lesions.
JOURNAL OF SURGICAL RESEARCH
(2024)
Article
Surgery
Ross Mudgway, Zachary Tran, Juan C. Quispe Espiritu, Woo Bin Bong, Hayden Schultz, Vamsi Vemireddy, Aarthy Kannappan, Marcos Michelotti, Kaushik Mukherjee, Jeffrey Quigley, Keith Scharf, Daniel Srikureja, Sharon S. Lum, Esther Wu
Summary: Comparison of medium-term outcomes between robotic-assisted cholecystectomy (RC) and laparoscopic cholecystectomy (LC) using validated quality of life (QoL) and pain assessments did not show significant differences.
JOURNAL OF SURGICAL RESEARCH
(2024)
Article
Surgery
Ningjie Chen, Haitao Wang, Yang Shao, Jincun Yang, Guodong Song
Summary: This study aimed to compare the therapeutic effects of activated platelet-rich plasma (PRP) prepared from elderly individuals and young adults in treating pressure ulcers (PUs). The results showed that PRP from young adults had higher platelet concentrations and greater production of growth factors, leading to better wound healing.
JOURNAL OF SURGICAL RESEARCH
(2024)
Article
Surgery
Brendin R. Beaulieu-Jones, Margaret T. Berrigan, Kortney A. Robinson, Jayson S. Marwaha, Tara S. Kent, Gabriel A. Brat
Summary: Introduction: Prescription opioids, including those prescribed after surgery, have greatly contributed to the US opioid epidemic. Educating opioid prescribers is a crucial component of ensuring the safe use of opioids among surgical patients. This study implemented an annual education curriculum for new surgical prescribers, resulting in significant improvements in knowledge and comfort levels. However, there remains a persistent knowledge and comfort gap among these prescribers.
JOURNAL OF SURGICAL RESEARCH
(2024)
Article
Surgery
Sneha G. Bhat, Madhuri Nagaraj, Courtney Balentine, Timothy Hogan, Jennie Meier, Hillary Prince, Kareem Abdelfattah, Herbert Zeh, Benjamin Levi
Summary: This pilot study examined the effects of a structured mental fitness program on academic surgeons and found significant improvement in Positive Intelligence (PQ) scores, as well as increased connectedness and shared language among participants. However, there were no significant changes in sleep, well-being, or teaching evaluations.
JOURNAL OF SURGICAL RESEARCH
(2024)
Article
Surgery
Kristin E. Cox, Michael A. Turner, Siamak Amirfakhri, Thinzar M. Lavin, Mojgan Hosseini, Pradipta Ghosh, Marygorret Obonyo, Takashi Murakami, Robert M. Hoffman, Paul J. Yazaki, Michael Bouvet
Summary: This study demonstrates the potential of using humanized anti-carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) antibodies conjugated with near-infrared dyes to specifically label gastric cancers in mouse models. Orthotopic models showed bright and specific labeling with more than ten times higher tumor-to-background ratios compared to the control. This tumor-specific fluorescent antibody has promising potential as a clinical tool for improving visualization of gastric cancer margins during surgical resection.
JOURNAL OF SURGICAL RESEARCH
(2024)
Review
Surgery
Sarah Maki, Melissa Leon, Emily Glenn, Tiffany Tanner, Crystal Krause
Summary: This scoping review analyzed the literature on the use of broadband personality tests in the bariatric surgical population to optimize weight loss outcomes. The study found significant associations between personality scales and weight loss, but inconsistent reporting of outcome measures made it challenging to draw concrete conclusions. The American Society for Metabolic and Bariatric Surgery recommends standardization of outcome reporting to improve the reliability of predicting weight loss outcomes.
JOURNAL OF SURGICAL RESEARCH
(2024)