Article
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
Noah Luciano Taufer, Vittoria Benedetti, Matteo Pecchi, Yukihiko Matsumura, Marco Baratieri
Summary: This study investigated a combined process of hydrothermal carbonization (HTC) and supercritical water gasification (SCWG) to fully utilize digestate from anaerobic digestion. The results showed that increasing SCWG temperature led to higher carbon yield and hydrogen content in the gas phase, while increasing residence time resulted in a decrease in carbon yield in the gas phase. Increasing feedstock concentration led to a higher gas generation rate.
Article
Thermodynamics
Cui Wang, Linfeng Li, Yunan Chen, Zhiwei Ge, Hui Jin
Summary: In this study, gasification experiments of wheat straw in supercritical water were conducted to analyze the gasification properties. A kinetic model of wheat straw was established to guide the acceleration of gasification. The results showed that increasing reaction time enhanced gasification significantly, while temperature became the limiting factor for hydrogen yield.
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Julian Dutzi, Nikolaos Boukis, Jorg Sauer
Summary: The influence of process water recycling in Supercritical Water Gasification of dry biomasses was studied. Dilution of dry biomass with water is required for supercritical water gasification. Recycling of process effluent is attractive due to cost-intensive wastewater treatment. Salt separation is necessary to prevent accumulation of salts in the effluents. Gasification of Reed Canary Grass and grapevines did not affect the composition of the product gas. Carbon efficiency decreased by 4% when wastewater was used for biomass dilution. Increase in organic carbon and potassium content was observed in the reactor effluent after gasification with recycled process effluent. Careful monitoring and adjustment of potassium hydroxide addition is required based on the reactor effluent's potassium content. Insufficient salt separation leads to formation of solid deposits in the reaction system.
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Cui Wang, Chao Zhu, Jianbing Huang, Hui Jin, Xiaoyan Lian
Summary: This paper discusses the degradation pathway of xylose in supercritical water and finds that phenols and arenes are difficult to be gasified while furans, organic acids, ketones, and alcohols can be easily gasified. Comparing with glucose and guaiacol, xylose is more easily gasified. The degradation of phenols and arenes is the key step in the supercritical water gasification of biomass model compounds.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF HYDROGEN ENERGY
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Haoyang Li, Yulin Hu, Haoyu Wang, Xue Han, Hanan El-Sayed, Yimin Zeng, Chunbao Charles Xu
Summary: A general kinetic model has been developed in this study to accurately predict the gas yields during supercritical water gasification (SCWG) of various lignocellulosic biomass feedstocks, and evaluate the quantitative influences of temperature and residence time on the gas yield in biomass SCWG.
CHEMICAL ENGINEERING JOURNAL
(2022)
Article
Energy & Fuels
Cui Wang, Hui Jin
Summary: Supercritical water gasification (SCWG) technology is considered a potential solution for biomass waste utilization. This study developed a one-dimensional dynamic model and established a kinetic model for soybean stem to analyze the reactor performance. The sensitivity analysis showed that H2 mole fraction was most affected by the inlet temperature. The dynamic simulation results demonstrated that the gasifier responds quickly to concentration changes.
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Wei Su, Ping Liu, Changqing Cai, Hongzhi Ma, Bo Jiang, Yi Xing, Yunyi Liang, Liping Cai, Changlei Xia, Quyet Van Le, Christian Sonne, Su Shiung Lam
Summary: The research utilized supercritical water gasification technology to convert Sedum plumbizincicola into hydrogen gas and immobilize heavy metals in biochar. High temperatures promoted hydrogen production, while biochar facilitated heavy metal adsorption and conversion into stable forms.
JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Analytical
Qing Wang, Xu Zhang, Da Cui, Jingru Bai, Zhichao Wang, Faxing Xu, Zhenye Wang
Summary: Supercritical water gasification (SCWG) with biomass is a process that converts biomass feedstock into hydrogen-rich syngas through thermal decomposition and hydrolysis. This review discusses the relationship between cellulose, hemicellulose, lignin, and hydrogen production, as well as the effects of reaction conditions and catalysts on SCWG. The results highlight the significant impact of temperature and catalysts on SCWG, while other operating conditions play a secondary role. However, the SCWG mechanism of real lignocellulosic biomass and the interaction relationship of its components still require further study. Furthermore, the development of stable and efficient catalysts is crucial for the advancement of this technology.
JOURNAL OF ANALYTICAL AND APPLIED PYROLYSIS
(2023)
Article
Energy & Fuels
Cui Wang, Mingming Du, Huifang Feng, Hui Jin
Summary: Supercritical water gasification (SCWG) technology efficiently utilizes biomass, but the gasification mechanism of real biomass is complex. The study found that complete gasification of biomass can be achieved at relatively high temperatures. Additionally, it was discovered that SCWG enables co-production of hydrogen and biochar. Furthermore, the study explored the evolution of pore structure of biochar, revealing that SCWG produces abundant pore structure.
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Pedro F. dos Santos, Camila G. Pereira
Summary: A study investigated the use of Supercritical Water Gasification (SCWG) in biomass conversion through a mathematical model, which was able to represent experimental data well. Evaluations were done on the effects of temperature, pressure, and different biomass sources. Predictions showed varying concentrations of H-2 in different scenarios, with values around 68%, 67%, and 66% for specific biomass sources.
JOURNAL OF SUPERCRITICAL FLUIDS
(2021)
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Nikolaos Boukis, I. Katharina Stoll
Summary: Gasification of organic matter under supercritical water conditions offers advantages such as fast reactions and short residence times, but challenges lie in the need for robust process design due to high temperature, pressure, and low organic matter concentration. Additionally, the economic viability of the process may be a challenge given the low value of the feed and product.
Article
Thermodynamics
Qijun Zhang, Heng Chen, Bo Li, Peiyuan Pan, Gang Xu, Qinxin Zhao, Xue Jiang
Summary: To improve the efficiency of conventional biomass to methanol, a novel cogeneration system is designed that couples an electrolytic water subsystem with a s-CO2 cycle and a conventional biomass to methanol system. The proposed process shows higher energy efficiency and exergy efficiency compared to the conventional biomass to methanol system. The system is estimated to achieve a net present value of $22,948,830 over its 20-year life cycle.
APPLIED THERMAL ENGINEERING
(2023)
Article
Agricultural Engineering
Haoyang Li, Mingyuan Zhang, Haoyu Wang, Xue Han, Yimin Zeng, Chunbao Charles Xu
Summary: This study compares batch and continuous supercritical water gasification processes for green hydrogen production from biomass and provides insights for optimizing processes, evaluating feasibility, and supporting techno-economic analyses.
BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY
(2024)
Review
Engineering, Environmental
Chai Siah Lee, Alex V. Conradie, Edward Lester
Summary: Supercritical water gasification is a process for converting wet biomass into syngas without the need for energy-intensive pre-drying, aiming to obtain syngas rich in hydrogen. Studies have shifted from using model compounds to real biomass feedstock, investigating factors influencing hydrogen yields and the relationship between biomass components and hydrogen yields.
CHEMICAL ENGINEERING JOURNAL
(2021)
Article
Thermodynamics
Jialing Xu, Siqi Rong, Jingli Sun, Zhiyong Peng, Hui Jin, Liejin Guo, Xiang Zhang, Teng Zhou
Summary: A novel mathematical modeling and optimization approach is applied to design optimal tubular reactors for the supercritical water gasification (SCWG) of biomass. The study shows that non-isothermal reactors with three-stage zigzag-like temperature profiles are preferred for hydrogen production, and the optimal design can significantly increase the hydrogen yield.
Article
Chemistry, Physical
P. Belmonte, J. M. Garcia-Vargas, J. F. Rodriguez, I. Garrido, M. T. Garcia, M. J. Ramos
Summary: In this study, four polythiourethane films with different types of polyols and isocyanates were synthesized, characterized, and foamed. The results showed that the type of isocyanate greatly influenced the crystallinity and stiffness of the polymers, while the type of polyol modified the FT-IR spectra and the decomposition curve of the material with temperature. Furthermore, the choice of isocyanate also affected the properties of the foams obtained from the polymeric material.
JOURNAL OF SUPERCRITICAL FLUIDS
(2024)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Xutao Zhu, Jianguo Yan, Shouchun Liu, Fengling Zhu
Summary: This study experimentally assessed the hydrodynamic characteristics of supercritical-pressure R134a in a horizontal circular tube. It was found that the hydrodynamic characteristic curve of R134a under supercritical pressure does not have a negative-slope region but a transition region. The transition region becomes more evident with increasing heat flux, while it weakens with increasing pressure and inlet temperature. Moreover, the onset of the transition region shifts in the direction of high mass flow rate with increasing heat flux.
JOURNAL OF SUPERCRITICAL FLUIDS
(2024)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Stefania Mottola, Iolanda De Marco
Summary: In this study, corticosteroids were micronized with cyclodextrin using Supercritical Assisted Atomization (SAA), resulting in spherical micrometric particles with improved dissolution time.
JOURNAL OF SUPERCRITICAL FLUIDS
(2024)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Honghai Liu, Yu Xie, Zhilan Li, Xiaokai Zhang
Summary: This study compared the effects of supercritical carbon dioxide dewatering (SCD) and conventional kiln drying (CKD) at a temperature of 55 degrees C on the dewatering rate, moisture transfer and distribution, shrinkage, and stress characteristics of bamboo strips. The results showed that SCD had a faster dewatering rate and lower shrinkage compared to CKD, but was less effective in reducing drying stress in bamboo.
JOURNAL OF SUPERCRITICAL FLUIDS
(2024)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Tahmasb Hatami, Ozan N. Ciftci
Summary: This study fills the gap in previous research by establishing a hierarchy of significance for factors affecting SFE profitability, providing a deeper understanding of how technical and economic factors impact profitability. The findings highlight that the SFE facility becomes profitable when the extractor capacity surpasses 42 L.
JOURNAL OF SUPERCRITICAL FLUIDS
(2024)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Tingshan Guo, Chuang He, Zhiyuan Liang, Qinxin Zhao
Summary: The initial oxidation behavior of Fe10Cr and Fe20Cr alloys in supercritical H2O and supercritical CO2 with O2 has been investigated. The results show that O2 has the highest adsorption energy on FeCr alloys and reacts faster than H2O and CO2.
JOURNAL OF SUPERCRITICAL FLUIDS
(2024)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Vikash Chandra Roy, Jin-Seok Park, Ahmed Redwan Haque, Md Sadek Ali, Hee-Jeong Lee, Byung-Soo Chun
Summary: This research aimed to valorize brewery spent grain (BSG) using subcritical water hydrolysis (SWH) modified by six different natural deep eutectic solvents (DES) and determining their bipotentialities. The findings showed that BSG hydrolysates obtained through DES-induced SWH contained high levels of sugars, proteins, flavonoids, phenolic compounds, and essential amino acids. The hydrolysates also demonstrated antimicrobial activities, and the presence of bioactive compounds was confirmed through FT-IR analysis. This comprehensive profiling of bioactive compounds from BSG using DES-mediated SWH can contribute to the efficient valorization of BSG for industrial purposes.
JOURNAL OF SUPERCRITICAL FLUIDS
(2024)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Kailiang Zhang, Hanyu Wang, Tong Liu, Zhu Wang, Lvxing Wang, Ping Fan, Feng Chen, Mingqiang Zhong, Bozhen Wu, Shanqiu Liu, Jintao Yang
Summary: This study investigates the influence of foam cell structure on the electromagnetic interference shielding performance of conductive polymer composite foam. The results suggest that foamed composites exhibit improved EMI shielding performance, and bimodal cell foams have higher electric conductivity but lower EMI shielding compared to uniform cell foams.
JOURNAL OF SUPERCRITICAL FLUIDS
(2024)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Jaromir Valtr, Petr Roztocil, David Dasek, Radek Musalek, Frantisek Lukac, Jakub Klecka, Marek Janata, Mariana Arnoult-Ruzickova, Eva Mistova, Ludek Jelinek, Petr Sajdl, Jan Macak
Summary: This paper focuses on the design of an experimental facility for in-situ electrochemical testing at supercritical water conditions, including the design of the electrode system and surface insulation coating for electrode leads.
JOURNAL OF SUPERCRITICAL FLUIDS
(2024)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Richard Djimasbe, Mikhail A. Varfolomeev, Nailya M. Khasanova, Ameen A. Al-Muntaser, Rustam R. Davletshin, Muneer A. Suwaid, Gazinur Z. Mingazov
Summary: This study confirms the capability of supercritical water to generate active hydrogen that interacts with different fractions in unconventional feedstocks, leading to synthetic oil production during hydrothermal reactions. The findings suggest that a maximum yield of 16.78% can be achieved at a temperature of 380 oC and a reaction time of 1-12 hours.
JOURNAL OF SUPERCRITICAL FLUIDS
(2024)
