Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Bruno Silvestre Lira, Giovanna Gramegna, Paula Amaral, Juliene dos Reis Moreira, Raquel Tsu Ay Wu, Mateus Henrique Vicente, Fabio Tebaldi Silveira Nogueira, Luciano Freschi, Magdalena Rossi
Summary: Chlorophyll catabolism is the primary source of phytyl diphosphate for tocopherol synthesis. The enzymes VTE5 and VTE6 are crucial for recycling chlorophyll-derived phytol and they are complexed, mitigating their cytotoxic nature. Tocopherol accumulation also occurs in chlorophyll-devoid organs, showing the importance of phytol recycling for tocopherol biosynthesis.
PLANT MOLECULAR BIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Plant Sciences
Wentao Yang, Philipp Gutbrod, Katharina Gutbrod, Helga Peisker, Xiaoning Song, Anna-Lena Falz, Andreas J. Meyer, Peter Doermann
Summary: In Arabidopsis, degradation of phytol involves alpha-oxidation by AtPAHX and AtHPCL, independent of alpha DOX1/alpha DOX2. Accumulation of phytol metabolites in mutants indicates interference with phytol degradation.
Article
Plant Sciences
Mao Li, Renlong Lv, Hanlin Zhou, Xuejuan Zi
Summary: The dynamics and correlations of chlorophyll and phytol content with silage bacterial of different growth heights Pennisetum sinese were investigated. The results demonstrated that the chlorophyll and phytol content of P. sinese before and after ensiled decreased with the increase of growth height. Ensiling significantly reduced pigment content but had no significant effect on phytol. In addition, P. sinese pigment yield before and after ensiled increased with growth heights increasing, and the yield at 150 or 180 cm was obviously higher. Moreover, the higher silage quality V-Score were at 150 or 180 cm growth heights. Furthermore, the silage microbial diversity were varied by growth heights, and some specific undesirable microorganisms (Acinetobacter, Cellvibrio, Sphingobacterium, etc.) were negatively correlated with pigment and phytol content. Therefore, with comprehensive consideration of pigment, phytol yield, and silage quality, the optimum harvest growth height of P. sinese was 150 cm. Furthermore, precise reduction of particular undesirable microorganisms maybe helps to preserve pigments and phytol.
FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Plant Sciences
Ginga Shimakawa, Anja Krieger-Liszkay, Thomas Roach
Summary: In plants, senescence is associated with the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and lipid peroxidation. However, lipid peroxidation is not solely linked to stress, as it also plays a role in plant development. The major polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) in senescing leaves is linolenic acid, which is sensitive to peroxidation. Lipid catabolism during senescence leads to a decrease in PUFA levels and an increase in short-chain saturated fatty acids.
PHYSIOLOGIA PLANTARUM
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Yao Qin, Ziyi Xiao, Hailiang Zhao, Jing Wang, Yuanru Wang, Fazhan Qiu
Summary: Carbohydrate partitioning is crucial for the growth and development of maize plants. The chl3 mutant exhibits leaf chlorosis and excessive starch accumulation, indicating a defect in carbohydrate partitioning. The chl3 phenotype is caused by a frameshift mutation in the ZmPHOH gene, which encodes starch phosphorylase 2. Inactivation of ZmPHOH reduces the efficiency of transitory starch conversion, leading to increased leaf starch content and altered carbohydrate metabolism patterns. Our findings demonstrate the importance of transitory starch remobilization in cellular carbohydrate partitioning in maize, with ZmPHOH playing an indispensable role.
JOURNAL OF INTEGRATIVE PLANT BIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Plant Sciences
Kirsty McCready, Victoria Spencer, Francisco Jacome-Blasquez, Jamie Burnett, Itzel Margarita Viveros Sanchez, Zara Riches, Minsung Kim
Summary: The TOR protein kinase is crucial for plantlet formation in Kalanchoe spp., as it regulates nutrient utilization, energy supply, and development pathways. It interacts with auxin pathways to control plantlet root development.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Ying Chen, Wataru Yamori, Ayumi Tanaka, Ryouichi Tanaka, Hisashi Ito
Summary: During leaf senescence, the degradation of photosystems and photosynthetic pigments proceeds in a coordinated manner, with the degradation of photosystem II core complexes regulated independently of the major chlorophyll degradation pathway. The study provides insights into the complex molecular mechanisms underlying the degradation of photosystems, which is an essential step during leaf senescence.
Article
Plant Sciences
Emilija Dukic, Kim A. van Maldegem, Kashif Mohd Shaikh, Kento Fukuda, Mats Toepel, Katalin Solymosi, Jonna Hellsten, Thomas Hesselhoj Hansen, Soren Husted, John Higgins, Satoshi Sano, Sumio Ishijima, Cornelia Spetea
Summary: Magnesium (Mg2+) is crucial for photosynthesis in plants and algae, and its concentration in chloroplasts is tightly regulated by transport proteins. This study identifies three different transporters and investigates their roles in maintaining chloroplast Mg2+ homeostasis and regulating photosynthesis in Arabidopsis thaliana and Chlamydomonas reinhardtii. The findings reveal essential but differential roles of these transporters in chloroplast Mg2+ homeostasis and highlight their conservation across plant species.
FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Xing Wang, Yu Wu, Zijin Liu, Tong Liu, Lamei Zheng, Genfa Zhang
Summary: The study used CRISPR/Cas9 system to mutate PIP1;4 and PIP1;5 genes in a triple mutant, generating a quintuple mutant. The pip1s(-) mutants exhibited smaller leaves and flowers, fewer developed siliques, shorter silique length, and decreased seed production compared to the wild-type plant. The mutant also showed significantly lower pollen germination rate and deformed pollen outer wall, along with transcriptomic changes in key genes related to leaf, flower, and pollen development.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2021)
Article
Biology
Clement Boussardon, Pushan Bag, Marta Juvany, Jan Simura, Karin Ljung, Stefan Jansson, Olivier Keech
Summary: The study reveals the significance of RPN12a in regulating proteasomal activity, hormonal homeostasis, plant development, and leaf senescence.
COMMUNICATIONS BIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Shuai Wang, Ting Wang, Qiqi Li, Chen Xu, Ji Tian, Yi Wang, Xinzhong Zhang, Xuefeng Xu, Zhenhai Han, Ting Wu
Summary: This study reveals the molecular mechanisms of Chl degradation and fruit coloration in apple fruits. The transcription factor MdERF17 interacts with and is phosphorylated by MdMPK4, and the phosphorylation of MdERF17 is necessary for its transcriptional regulatory activity and regulation of Chl degradation. MdMPK4 is activated by darkness and is involved in the dark-induced degreening of fruit peels. Variation in Ser repeat insertion in MdERF17 regulates fruit peel degreening through control of the degree of MdERF17 phosphorylation by MdMPK4 during light/dark transitions.
Article
Plant Sciences
Mareike Hauenstein, Stefan Hoertensteiner, Sylvain Aubry
Summary: Efficient and safe disposal of chlorophyll derivatives during senescence is crucial for green plants. The PAO/phyllobilin pathway plays a key role in degrading chlorophyll and detoxifying the pigment, allowing it to be exported from the chloroplast. While the chloroplastic reactions involved in chlorophyll degradation are well understood, the diversity of enzymes responsible for modifying non-phototoxic phyllobilins remains to be explored further.
Article
Agronomy
Yongxiang Liao, Bing Xiang, Zhenzhen Xue, Asif Ali, Yong Li, Mengyuan Li, Aiji Wei, Jialu Xin, Daiming Guo, Yingxiu Liao, Yunfeng Tian, Zhixue Zhao, Peizhou Xu, Hongyu Zhang, Xiaoqiong Chen, Yutong Liu, Hao Zhou, Duo Xia, Kangxi Du, Xianjun Wu
Summary: Chlorophyll degradation is an important physiological process in plant growth and development, but its cellular and molecular regulation remains largely unknown. This study reveals a novel function of polygalacturonases (PGs) in chlorophyll degradation and its association with the ethylene pathway.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Xueyun Hu, Chu Zeng, Jinling Su, Imran Khan, Ahmad Zada, Ting Jia
Summary: Comparing the leaf senescence phenotypes of intact plants and detached leaves under dark incubation revealed that intact plants exhibited more severe non-programmed cell death (non-PCD) and higher accumulation of Pheophorbide a (Pheide a). A high soil water content during dark incubation was found to exacerbate non-PCD and increase Pheide a accumulation in senescent leaves, while overexpressing HCAR helped alleviate non-PCD and reduce Pheide a accumulation.
Article
Plant Sciences
Jiangzhe Zhao, Bingli Ding, Engao Zhu, Xiaojuan Deng, Mengyuan Zhang, Penghong Zhang, Lu Wang, Yangshuo Dai, Shi Xiao, Cankui Zhang, Chang-Jun Liu, Kewei Zhang
Summary: AtABCG14-mediated phloem unloading through the apoplastic pathway is required for the appropriate shoot distribution of root-synthesized cytokinins in Arabidopsis.
Article
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Georg Hoelzl, Barno Ruzimurodovna Rezaeva, Jochen Kumlehn, Peter Doermann
Summary: Camelina sativa is an oil crop with low input costs and resistance to abiotic and biotic stresses. Cas9 endonuclease-based targeted mutagenesis successfully decreased glucosinolate content, resulting in a glucosinolate-free camelina variety, without affecting the oil and protein contents and fatty acid composition. This study is significant for improving the quality and compliance of camelina with international standards.
PLANT BIOTECHNOLOGY JOURNAL
(2023)
Article
Plant Sciences
Laia Segura Broncano, Krzysztof Robin Pukacz, Vanessa Reichel-Deland, Urte Schlueter, Sebastian Triesch, Andreas P. M. Weber
Summary: The entry of CO2 from the atmosphere into the biosphere is facilitated by the enzyme Rubisco, which catalyzes the carboxylation of RuBP in the CBBC, resulting in the formation of 2 molecules of 3PGA per fixed CO2. 3PGA is then converted to triose phosphates using NADPH + H+ and ATP from the photosynthetic light reactions. Triose phosphates are important precursors for various compounds in the biosphere.
JOURNAL OF PLANT PHYSIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Nam Hoang, E. O. Deedi Sogbohossou, Wei Xiong, Conor J. C. Simpson, Pallavi Singh, Nora Walden, Erik van den Bergh, Frank F. M. Becker, Zheng Li, Xin-Guang Zhu, Andrea Brautigam, Andreas P. M. Weber, Jan C. van Haarst, Elio G. W. M. Schijlen, Prasad S. Hendre, Allen Van Deynze, Enoch G. Achigan-Dako, Julian M. Hibberd, M. Eric Schranz
Summary: The genome sequence of Gynandropsis gynandra provides insights into the evolution of C-4 photosynthesis and the history of whole-genome duplication. It was found that G. gynandra and its C-3 relative Tarenaya hassleriana shared a whole-genome duplication event, but T. hassleriana experienced an additional genome addition. G. gynandra retained more duplicated copies of C-4 photosynthesis-related genes compared to T. hassleriana.
Review
Plant Sciences
Heribert Hirt, Salim Al-Babili, Marilia Almeida-Trapp, Antoine Martin, Manuel Aranda, Dorothea Bartels, Malcolm Bennett, Ikram Blilou, Damian Boer, Alix Boulouis, Chris Bowler, Sophie Brunel-Muguet, Fabien Chardon, Jean Colcombet, Vincent Colot, Agata Daszkowska-Golec, Jose R. Dinneny, Ben Field, Katja Froehlich, Catherine H. Gardener, Alain Gojon, Eric Gomes, Eva Maria Gomez-Alvarez, Crisanto Gutierrez, Michel Havaux, Scott Hayes, Edith Heard, Michael Hodges, Amal Khalaf Alghamdi, Laurent Laplaze, Kyle J. Lauersen, Nathalie Leonhardt, Xenie Johnson, Jonathan Jones, Hannes Kollist, Stanislav Kopriva, Anne Krapp, Mauricio Lopez-Portillo Masson, Matthew F. McCabe, Livia Merendino, Antonio Molina, Jose L. Moreno Ramirez, Bernd Mueller-Roeber, Michael Nicolas, Ido Nir, Izamar Olivas Orduna, Jose M. Pardo, Jean-Philippe Reichheld, Pedro L. Rodriguez, Hatem Rouached, Maged M. Saad, Peter Schloegelhofer, Kirti A. Singh, Ive De Smet, Clara Stanschewski, Alice Stra, Mark Tester, Catherine Walsh, Andreas P. M. Weber, Detlef Weigel, Philip Wigge, Michael Wrzaczek, Brande B. H. Wulff, Iain M. Young
Summary: Greenhouse gas emissions are causing a global climate crisis, and immediate interventions are needed to mitigate their negative effects. Plant scientists are crucial in finding solutions for sustainable agriculture and land use, as it contributes significantly to total GHG emissions. The PlantACT! (Plants for climate ACTion!) initiative lays out a road map for plant scientists to contribute to finding immediate, mid-term, and long-term solutions, and highlights necessary changes at personal, institutional, and funding levels to implement these solutions.
TRENDS IN PLANT SCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Neurosciences
Anne-Sophie Cabron, Uwe Borgmeyer, Julia Richter, Helga Peisker, Katharina Gutbrod, Peter Doermann, Anja Capell, Markus Damme
Summary: Genetic variants in TMEM106B are a common risk factor for frontotemporal lobar degeneration and the most important modifier of disease risk in patients with progranulin (GRN) mutations. TMEM106B encodes a lysosomal transmembrane protein of unknown function. Non-coding SNPs in TMEM106B are associated with disease risk and in linkage disequilibrium with a coding SNP. A knockin mouse model was used to investigate the functional consequences of the protective variant Tmem106b(T186S), but it did not show improvement in GRN-mediated FTLD phenotypes.
ACTA NEUROPATHOLOGICA COMMUNICATIONS
(2023)
Article
Plant Sciences
Daniele F. Parma, Kaik F. Souza, Marcelo G. M. V. Vaz, Sandy Bastos Martins, Wagner L. Araujo, Agustin Zsogon, Andreas P. M. Weber, M. Eric Schranz, Adriano Nunes-Nesi
Summary: The flowers of Cleomaceae family exhibit remarkable floral diversity and abundant nectar and pollen production. This study evaluated the flower functional characteristics and reproductive traits of different Cleomaceae species. The results showed different sexual systems and the most efficient type of crossing for seed production. These findings suggest that the Cleomaceae family can provide valuable information on mechanisms involved in reproductive traits in plants.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Ahmed F. Elfarargi, Elodie Gilbault, Nina Doering, Celia Neto, Andrea Fulgione, Andreas P. M. Weber, Olivier Loudet, Angela M. Hancock
Summary: Energy production and metabolism are closely related to ecological and environmental constraints. The study investigates the evolution of stomatal conductance and water-use efficiency (WUE) in an Arabidopsis population that colonized an island with a seasonal drought and fog-based precipitation ecosystem. It is found that stomatal conductance increases and WUE decreases in the colonizing population. A nonsynonymous single-nucleotide polymorphism in MAP KINASE 12 (MPK12 G53R) contributes significantly to the variation in WUE. Positive selection drives the increase in frequency of MPK12 53R allele in the population. These findings highlight how adaptation shapes eco-physiological traits in a new precipitation regime.
MOLECULAR BIOLOGY AND EVOLUTION
(2023)
Article
Plant Sciences
Qiyue Zhang, Nikabou Batigma Boundjou, Lijun Jia, Xinliang Wang, Ling Zhou, Helga Peisker, Qing Li, Liang Guo, Peter Dormann, Dianqiu Lyu, Yonghong Zhou
Summary: A mitochondrion-specific CDS, called CDS6, was identified and found to be crucial for the biosynthesis of phosphoglycerolipids in mitochondria, which are critical for mitochondrial structure, triacylglycerol degradation, energy production, and seedling development.
Article
Cell Biology
Angela Pelligra, Jessica Mrugala, Kerstin Griess, Philip Kirschner, Oliver Nortmann, Barbara Bartosinska, Andrea Koester, Natalia I. Krupenko, Dominik Gebel, Philipp Westhoff, Bodo Steckel, Daniel Ebernard, Diran Herebian, Bengt-Frederik Belgardt, Juergen Schrader, Andreas P. M. Weber, Sergey A. Krupenko, Eckhard Lammert
Summary: Type 2 diabetes is characterized by excessive and then reduced insulin secretion. The insulin secretagogues DXO and glibenclamide can enhance glucose-stimulated insulin secretion acutely, but reduce it chronically while protecting islets from cell death. Long-term stimulation of islets leads to increased expression of serine-linked mitochondrial OCM genes, altered metabolism, and activation of Atf4, which is required for islet protection and reduces insulin secretion.
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Marion Kanwischer, Thomas Klintzsch, Oliver Schmale
Summary: Recent studies have shown that microbial methane production is not limited to strictly anoxic conditions and is widespread in the oxic water column. This study in the Baltic Sea used an MPn/13C-MPn tracer approach to assess the contribution of MPn to oxic methane formation. The results showed that MPn is a potent methanogenic substrate in the surface water, but most of it is degraded via alternative pathways, not releasing methane.
ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Plant Sciences
Urte Schlueter, Jacques W. Bouvier, Ricardo Guerreiro, Milena Malisic, Carina Kontny, Philipp Westhoff, Benjamin Stich, Andreas P. M. Weber
Summary: Our survey of Brassicaceae species reveals that C-3-C-4 phenotypes have evolved multiple times, with variations in photorespiratory carbon-recapturing efficiency and bundle sheath anatomy. Carbon-concentrating mechanisms enhance Rubisco efficiency by increasing CO2 concentrations. Convergent evolution of the photorespiratory shuttle in Brassicaceae suggests its benefits as a distinct photosynthesis type in certain environments.
JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY
(2023)
Article
Plant Sciences
Ricardo Guerreiro, Venkata Suresh Bonthala, Urte Schlueter, Nam V. Hoang, Sebastian Triesch, M. Eric Schranz, Andreas P. M. Weber, Benjamin Stich
Summary: This study focused on the genetic underpinnings of C4 and C3-C4 photosynthesis in Brassiceae species and found that the draft genome assemblies and annotations are of high quality and can be used for further research on the evolution of photosynthesis traits.
PLANT CELL AND ENVIRONMENT
(2023)
Article
Plant Sciences
Priscille Steensma, Marion Eisenhut, Maite Colinas, Laise Rosado-Souza, Alisdair R. Fernie, Andreas P. M. Weber, Teresa B. Fitzpatrick
Summary: The study reveals the significance of vitamin B-6 homeostasis mediated by the enzyme PDX3 in plant growth under different nutrient conditions.
Correction
Cell Biology
Angela Pelligra, Jessica Mrugala, Kerstin Griess, Philip Kirschner, Oliver Nortmann, Barbara Bartosinska, Andrea Koester, Natalia I. Krupenko, Dominik Gebel, Philipp Westhoff, Bodo Steckel, Daniel Eberhard, Diran Herebian, Bengt-Frederik Belgardt, Juergen Schrader, Andreas P. M. Weber, Sergey A. Krupenko, Eckhard Lammert
Article
Ecology
Keren Maor-Landaw, Marion Eisenhut, Giada Tortorelli, Allison van de Meene, Samantha Kurz, Gabriela Segal, Madeleine J. H. van Oppen, Andreas P. M. Weber, Geoffrey I. McFadden
Summary: The symbiotic partnership between corals and dinoflagellate algae is crucial for coral reefs. The transporter protein BmSWEET1 in dinoflagellate cells is responsible for transferring glucose from algae to the host coral tissue, providing the necessary energy for coral reefs. This study provides insights into the mechanism of nutrient exchange in coral-algae symbiosis.
ISME COMMUNICATIONS
(2023)