Journal
PLANT AND SOIL
Volume 401, Issue 1-2, Pages 7-22Publisher
SPRINGER
DOI: 10.1007/s11104-015-2494-5
Keywords
Phosphorus (P); Speciation; Distribution; Agricultural soil; Micro-X-ray fluorescence (mu-XRF); X-ray absorption near edge structure (XANES)
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Funding
- Labex OSUG (Investissements d'avenir) [-ANR10 LABX56]
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Background and Aims Phosphorus (P) is an essential nutrient for plants but its low availability often necessitates amendments for agronomical issues. Objectives were to determine P spatial distribution and speciation that remain poorly understood in cultivated soils. Methods Aquic Argiudoll soil samples developed on a calcareous loam glacial till were collected from experimental plots submitted to contrasting crop rotations and amendments. Micro-X-ray fluorescence (mu-XRF) maps were collected on undisturbed samples. X-ray absorption near edge structure (XANES) spectra were collected on bulk samples and on fractions thereof, and on points of interests selected from mu-XRF maps. Results were compared with chemical analyses and extraction techniques results. Results Chemical analyses show variations in total and exchangeable P contents depending on the samples but no significant difference is observed in terms of P distribution and speciation. P distribution is dominated by a low-concentration diffuse background with a minor contribution from minute hot spots. P speciation is dominated by phosphate groups bound to clay-humic complexes. No modification of P distribution and speciation is observed close to roots. Conclusions This study evidenced minor effect of cropping and fertilizing practices on P speciation in cultivated soils. Despite analytical challenges, the combined use of mu-XRF and XANES provides relevant information on P speciation in heterogeneous soil media.
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