Article
Sport Sciences
H. E. A. T. H. E. R. L. PETRICK, T. R. E. V. O. R. J. KING, C. H. R. I. S. T. O. P. H. E. R. PIGNANELLI, T. A. R. A. E. VANDERLINDE, J. E. R. E. M. Y. N. COHEN, G. R. A. H. A. M. P. HOLLOWAY, J. A. M. I. E. F. BURR
Summary: The study found that high-frequency endurance training (END) is more effective in improving cardiometabolic health in overweight/obese males compared to sprint interval training (SIT). END was shown to lower blood pressure, improve lipid tolerance, and enhance glycemic regulation, highlighting the importance of exercise frequency for optimal health outcomes.
MEDICINE AND SCIENCE IN SPORTS AND EXERCISE
(2021)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Scott K. Powers, Erica Goldstein, Matthew Schrager, Li Li Ji
Summary: The association between muscular exercise and oxidative stress in humans was first reported over 45 years ago. It was discovered that contracting skeletal muscles produce oxidants capable of oxidizing cellular biomolecules. Exercise training increases the expression of antioxidant enzymes in muscles, which protect against exercise-induced oxidative damage.
Article
Sport Sciences
Olli-Pekka Nuuttila, Ari Nummela, Elisa Korhonen, Keijo Hakkinen, Heikki Kyrolainen
Summary: Individualized endurance training appears to be more effective in improving endurance performance compared to predefined training programs. Individualized training increases the likelihood of high responders and decreases the occurrence of low responders to endurance training.
MEDICINE & SCIENCE IN SPORTS & EXERCISE
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Dominic A. Notter, Samuel Verges, Andrea S. Renggli, Fernando G. Beltrami, Christina M. Spengler
Summary: Both respiratory muscle endurance training (RMET) and inspiratory resistive training (IMT) can improve respiratory muscle endurance, but only IMT can increase inspiratory strength. The effects of RMET and IMT on whole-body exercise performance are similar to the SHAM group without additional benefits. Leg fatigue after cycling was not alleviated with training.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2023)
Article
Sport Sciences
Fatma Rhibi, Hassane Zouhal, Fabio Santos Lira, Nejmeddine Ouerghi, Jacques Prioux, Sophia Besbes, Jed M. Tijani, Anthony C. Hackney, Abderraouf Ben Abderrahman
Summary: This study examined the effects of high-intensity intermittent training (HIIT) programs with varying intensities on metabolic, hormonal, and inflammatory markers in young men. The results showed that training at 110% of maximal aerobic velocity (MAV) was more effective in improving markers such as glucose, cortisol, and IL-6 at rest, at the end of exercise, and during recovery compared to training at 100% MAV.
Article
Physiology
Fernando G. Beltrami, Elena Roos, Marco von Ow, Christina M. Spengler
Summary: This study aimed to compare the cardiorespiratory responses of traditional high-intensity interval training and decremental training in cyclists and runners. Results showed that decremental training led to higher levels of physiological perturbations in both cycling and running, with more prominent differences observed in cycling.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF SPORTS PHYSIOLOGY AND PERFORMANCE
(2021)
Review
Oncology
Katsunori Tsuji, Yutaka J. Matsuoka, Eisuke Ochi
Summary: Most studies on HIIT for breast cancer survivors are lab-based with supervised interventions, showing promising results in improving cardiorespiratory fitness. Additional research is needed to determine the effects of HIIT on other outcomes.
Article
Environmental Sciences
Mohanapriya Subramani, Vinnarasi Saravanan, Jayaraman Theerthagiri, Vijayakumar Subramaniam, Thangavelu Pazhanivel, Shankar Ramasamy, Sivakumar Manickam
Summary: In this study, the oxidation of camphene by OH radicals in the atmosphere was investigated using quantum chemical methods. The results showed that the addition of OH radicals to the C10 position of camphene is more stable and dominant compared to the C7 position.
Article
Environmental Sciences
Vasuki Tamilvanan, Mohanapriya Subramani, Divyakaaviri Subramani, Shankar Ramasamy
Summary: 1,8-cineole is an essential compound released by plants into the troposphere. This study investigates its reaction with atmospheric oxidants and calculates thermodynamic parameters. The results show that structural rearrangement is the dominant reaction pathway, and the compound's lifetime in the atmosphere is determined to be 5.2 weeks. These findings have implications for the environmental impact of 1,8-cineole degradation.
ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION
(2022)
Review
Sport Sciences
Man Tong Chua, Alexiaa Sim, Stephen Francis Burns
Summary: This systematic review evaluates the acute and chronic effects of BFR + HIIT and finds that combining BFR with HIIT enhances physiological improvements in aerobic, muscular, and to some extent, anaerobic performance.
SPORTS MEDICINE-OPEN
(2022)
Article
Physics, Applied
Andre Andersen, Anton E. O. Persson, Lars-Erik Wernersson
Summary: By electrical characterization of atomic layer deposited thin films, it is discovered that the HfxZr1-xO2 (HZO) films exhibit ferroelectric properties without the need for annealing. Laminated HZO films are found to have higher remanent polarization and endurance. The trade-off between higher polarization and lower gate leakage is observed when comparing different laminate structures and deposition temperatures.
APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS
(2022)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Stephan Mueller, Bernhard Haller, Anna Feuerstein, Ephraim B. Winzer, Paul Beckers, Mark J. Haykowsky, Andreas B. Gevaert, Jennifer Hommel, Luciene F. Azevedo, Andre Duvinage, Katrin Esefeld, Isabel Fegers-Wustrow, Jeffrey W. Christle, Elisabeth Pieske-Kraigher, Evgeny Belyavskiy, Daniel A. Morris, Martin Kropf, Radhakrishnan Aravind-Kumar, Frank Edelmann, Axel Linke, Volker Adams, Emeline M. Van Craenenbroeck, Burkert Pieske, Martin Halle
Summary: This study investigated the impact of baseline peak O-2-pulse on improving peak VO2 through exercise training in patients with HFpEF. The results showed that changes in peak O-2-pulse explained approximately 72% of the difference in changes in peak VO2 between Er and CON groups.
Article
Physiology
Ludwig Rappelt, Steffen Held, Tim Wiedenmann, Jan-Philip Deutsch, Jonas Hochstrate, Pamela Wicker, Lars Donath
Summary: Restricting oral breathing to nasal-only breathing may reduce threshold training during low-intensity endurance training. In this study, 19 physically healthy adults performed 60 minutes of self-selected low-intensity cycling with and without breathing restriction. The results showed that nasal-only breathing led to lower breathing frequency, carbon dioxide release, lactate concentration, with no significant impact on training intensity and perceived effort.
FRONTIERS IN PHYSIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Physiology
Bernard Korzeniewski
Summary: This study used a computer model to investigate the Pi double-threshold mechanism of muscle fatigue and the oxygen uptake (VO2) increase in ramp-incremental exercise. It was found that compared to the VO2 slow component in constant-power exercise, the VO2 in ramp-incremental exercise showed a non-linear increase. The higher initiation of additional ATP usage and the lower activity or increased glycolysis stimulation at the highest power outputs in ramp-incremental exercise can explain the smaller or zero non-linearity in VO2 compared to the VO2 slow component in constant-power exercise.
RESPIRATORY PHYSIOLOGY & NEUROBIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Victoria L. Wyckelsma, Ada Trepci, Lilly Schwieler, Tomas Venckunas, Marius Brazaitis, Sigitas Kamandulis, Henrikas Paulauskas, Helena Gapeyeva, Mati Paasuke, Stefano Gastaldello, Sophie Imbeault, Hakan Westerblad, Sophie Erhardt, Daniel C. Andersson
Summary: In elderly men, three weeks of sprint interval training shifted KP metabolism towards neuroprotection, but this shift was blocked by antioxidant treatment.
Article
Sport Sciences
Simon A. Feros, Warren B. Young, Brendan J. O'Brien
JOURNAL OF STRENGTH AND CONDITIONING RESEARCH
(2020)
Article
Physiology
Peter J. Whalley, Chey G. Dearing, Carl D. Paton
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF SPORTS PHYSIOLOGY AND PERFORMANCE
(2020)
Article
Hospitality, Leisure, Sport & Tourism
Christopher Mesagno, Stephanie J. Tibbert, Edward Buchanan, Jack T. Harvey, Martin J. Turner
Summary: This study investigated the influence of irrational beliefs on anxiety and choking in athletes. Results suggested that irrational beliefs may affect how chokers respond to pressure compared to other groups.
JOURNAL OF APPLIED SPORT PSYCHOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Sport Sciences
Philip Shambrook, Michael I. Kingsley, Nicholas F. Taylor, Daniel W. Wundersitz, Claire E. Wundersitz, Carl D. Paton, Brett A. Gordon
JOURNAL OF SCIENCE AND MEDICINE IN SPORT
(2020)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
R. Eime, J. Harvey, M. Charity
Article
Physiology
Mathias T. Vangsoe, Jonas K. Nielsen, Carl D. Paton
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF SPORTS PHYSIOLOGY AND PERFORMANCE
(2020)
Article
Nursing
Blake Peck, Bronwyn Peck, Jack Harvey, Andrea Green, Kerrie Svedas, Shirley Whitaker, Mark Nethercote, Rosemarie Shea
JOURNAL OF WOUND OSTOMY AND CONTINENCE NURSING
(2020)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Michael E. Nakai, Joshua Denham, Priscilla R. Prestes, Nina Eikelis, Elisabeth A. Lambert, Nora E. Straznicky, Markus P. Schlaich, Murray D. Esler, Brendan J. O'Brien, Fadi J. Charchar, Gavin W. Lambert, Francine Z. Marques
Summary: The study found that plasma LCN2 levels did not differ significantly between endurance athletes and the general population, and LCN2 had weak predictive power for blood pressure and athlete status. Furthermore, the research indicated that LCN2 expression remains stable over at least a 12-week period and is not influenced by diet and exercise.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2021)
Article
Sport Sciences
Marlon S. Gonsalves, Brendan O'Brien, Dara M. Twomey
Summary: This study provides insights into the composition of heat-related sports injury prevention resources in Australia, highlighting areas for further development. More comprehensive heat safety resources are needed for various sports to ensure participant safety.
JOURNAL OF SCIENCE AND MEDICINE IN SPORT
(2021)
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
L. R. Bell, M. P. Wallen, S. T. Talpey, B. J. O'Brien
Summary: Resistance training is important for increasing muscle strength and mass, improving physical performance, and reducing the risk of mortality. However, the response to resistance training varies greatly among individuals due to physiological differences and flawed training methods. Recent research has focused on identifying biomarkers, specifically myokines associated with exercise-induced muscle secretome, that can distinguish between individuals with large or small increases in muscle mass. However, more studies are needed to determine the repeatability of these biomarkers in response to standardized resistance training.
MEDICAL HYPOTHESES
(2022)
Review
Sport Sciences
Leo R. Bell, Tim J. Gabbett, Gregory M. Davis, Matthew P. Wallen, Brendan J. O'Brien
Summary: There is a wide variance in the physiological adaptations after resistance or endurance training, and up to 40% of individuals may be non- or poor responders to the training. However, adjusting the training frequency, intensity, type, and duration can improve the response in these individuals. Evaluation of multiple health measures beyond target variables can eliminate global non-response to cardiorespiratory fitness training. Further research is needed to determine if altering resistance training variables can produce a more favorable response in individuals with an initial poor response.
Article
Sport Sciences
Brendan J. O'Brien, Leo R. Bell, Declan Hennessy, Joshua Denham, Carl D. Paton
Summary: This study found that drinking coconut water had no significant impact on cycling performance and physiology compared to a sports drink.
Review
Psychology, Multidisciplinary
Josephine S. O'Donohue, Christopher Mesagno, Brendan O'Brien
Summary: This study aimed to identify and examine measures used to assess stress resilience in humans, and found a variety of measurement tools, including self-report and performance-based measures. The study revealed heterogeneity in operationalization of stress resilience, suggesting that researchers should overtly define stress resilience in future studies to reduce confusion.
CURRENT PSYCHOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Sport Sciences
Peter Whalley, Carl Paton, Chey G. Dearing
Summary: This study compared the urine caffeine metabolites produced from different forms of caffeine supplementation given to runners and found that oral swallowed caffeine administered in tablet form resulted in less metabolization compared to chewed or dissolved forms. The metabolism of caffeine to paraxanthine was inversely related to perceived exertion independently of the mode of caffeine delivery.
Article
Sport Sciences
Sadegh Amani-Shalamzari, Ali Sarikhani, Carl D. Paton, Hamid Rajabi, Mahdi Bayati, Pantelis Theo Nikolaidis, Beat Knechtle
JOURNAL OF SPORTS SCIENCE AND MEDICINE
(2020)