An inclusive view on biodiesel production by heterogeneous catalyst and its engine operational characteristics

This paper elucidates the maximum methyl ester conversion from free fatty acids of Punnai oil by acid-base catalyst. Conjointly performance emission and combustion characteristics of Punnai Methyl Ester biodiesel and its blends are discussed in detail. It was evident from the study that the maximum Free Fatty Acids to Fatty Acids of Methyl Esters conversion of around 93.4% was obtained by using heterogeneous catalyst. Concentrated sulphuric acid (H2SO4) and sodium hydroxide (NaOH) were used as a heterogeneous catalyst in the study to reduce the structural properties of untainted punnai oil. Brake Thermal Efficiency, Brake Specific Fuel Consumption, and Combustion Analysis were noted to be not much affected up to B30 blend. Lower CO and HC for Biodiesel-diesel blend were noted in the experimental study. In contrary, CO2, NOx, and smoke opacity showed an opposite trend, whose values increased with increase in biodiesel-diesel blends. (C) 2013 AIP Publishing LLC.