Article
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Thomas J. Wilkinson, Joanne Miksza, Thomas Yates, Courtney J. Lightfoot, Luke A. Baker, Emma L. Watson, Francesco Zaccardi, Alice C. Smith
Summary: This study investigated the prevalence of sarcopenia in individuals with chronic kidney disease (CKD) and its association with all-cause mortality and progression to end-stage renal disease (ESRD). The results showed that the presence of sarcopenia in CKD patients was associated with older age, inflammation, poorer renal function, and lower levels of serum albumin, total testosterone, and hemoglobin. The study also found that individuals with CKD and sarcopenia had a higher risk of mortality and progression to ESRD compared to those without sarcopenia, highlighting the importance of early identification and interventions for sarcopenia in at-risk individuals.
JOURNAL OF CACHEXIA SARCOPENIA AND MUSCLE
(2021)
Review
Nutrition & Dietetics
Heitor S. Ribeiro, Silvia G. R. Neri, Juliana S. Oliveira, Paul N. Bennett, Joao L. Viana, Ricardo M. Lima
Summary: Sarcopenia is associated with adverse outcomes in CKD patients, including mortality, hospitalization, and ESKD progression. Low muscle strength, low muscle mass, and low physical performance are specifically related to increased mortality risk in CKD patients.
CLINICAL NUTRITION
(2022)
Article
Pediatrics
Ana Carolina C. Barbosa, Raquel S. Brison, Carolina C. Gomes, Thomas J. Wilkinson, Marvery P. Duarte, Nadia Dias Gruezo, Heitor S. Ribeiro
Summary: This study investigated the prevalence of sarcopenia and its related traits in pediatric patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD). The findings showed a high prevalence of sarcopenia and poor physical function among these patients. Nephrology professionals should assess sarcopenia in this population, although more evidence is needed to determine its prognostic value.
PEDIATRIC NEPHROLOGY
(2023)
Article
Geriatrics & Gerontology
R. S. Feitosa, A. C. B. Marini, G. D. Pimentel
Summary: This study examined the prevalence of sarcopenia in elderly hemodialysis patients and found an association between fat mass percentage and SARC-F/SARC-F+CC. A significant proportion (37.5%) of patients were at risk of muscle function loss, and adiposity was linked to an increased likelihood of sarcopenia by 25%.
JOURNAL OF NUTRITION HEALTH & AGING
(2022)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Maha H. Alhussain, Shaea Alkahtani, Osama Aljuhani, Syed Shahid Habib
Summary: The study found an association between nutrient intake and diagnostic measures of sarcopenia.
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Patricia C. B. Lobo, Itamar P. Vieira, Claude Pichard, Bruna S. Marques, Paulo Gentil, Edson L. da Silva, Gustavo D. Pimentel
Summary: In young men undergoing resistance training and consuming a high-protein diet, Ursolic acid did not show significant effects on muscle strength and mass.
CLINICAL NUTRITION
(2021)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Lina Hui Ying Lau, Jana Nano, Cornelia Prehn, Alexander Cecil, Wolfgang Rathmann, Tanja Zeller, Andreas Lechner, Jerzy Adamski, Annette Peters, Barbara Thorand
Summary: This study explored the associations of endogenous androgens with kidney function and disease in men and women, finding that elevated testosterone and free testosterone levels were associated with lower kidney function in women, while no significant associations were observed in men. In women, a reverse J-shaped association was observed between DHT and incident CKD, suggesting potential modifiable risk factors for kidney function and CKD.
FRONTIERS IN ENDOCRINOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Mansour Ghasemikaram, Klaus Engelke, Matthias Kohl, Simon von Stengel, Wolfgang Kemmler
Summary: The study found that detaining from high-intensity resistance exercise training for six months can significantly reduce muscle quality in older men with osteosarcopenia, highlighting the importance of continuous exercise programs for maintaining muscle quality parameters.
Article
Physiology
Alyssa N. Varanoske, Melissa N. Harris, Callie Hebert, Emily E. Howard, Neil M. Johannsen, Steven B. Heymsfield, Frank L. Greenway, Lee M. Margolis, Harris R. Lieberman, Robbie A. Beyl, David D. Church, Arny A. Ferrando, Stefan M. Pasiakos, Jennifer C. Rood
Summary: This study demonstrated that a single intramuscular dose of testosterone undecanoate (750 mg) administered to physically active males before a 20-day simulated, multi-stressor military operation increased circulating total and free testosterone concentrations within normal physiological ranges and spared fat-free mass (FFM). However, testosterone administration did not attenuate decrements in physical performance across multiple measures of power, strength, anaerobic or aerobic capacity.
JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Physiology
Alyssa N. Varanoske, Melissa N. Harris, Callie Hebert, Emily E. Howard, Neil M. Johannsen, Steven B. Heymsfield, Frank L. Greenway, Lee M. Margolis, Harris R. Lieberman, Robbie A. Beyl, David D. Church, Arny A. Ferrando, Stefan M. Pasiakos, Jennifer C. Rood
Summary: A single dose of testosterone undecanoate administered before a simulated military operation can protect fat-free mass but does not prevent decrements in physical performance.
JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSIOLOGY
(2021)
Review
Urology & Nephrology
Alice Sabatino, Lilian Cuppari, Peter Stenvinkel, Bengt Lindholm, Carla Maria Avesani
Summary: Sarcopenia, initially defined as muscle loss in elderly by Irwin Rosenberg in 1988, has now evolved to encompass not only muscle mass loss but also strength and physical performance decline in consensus papers. In CKD, sarcopenia is prevalent not just due to aging, but also accelerated protein breakdown from the disease and dialysis, associated with worse clinical outcomes.
JOURNAL OF NEPHROLOGY
(2021)
Review
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Sasha Taylor, Rakibul M. Islam, Robin J. Bell, Chandima Hemachandra, Susan R. Davis
Summary: This study aims to investigate the associations between endogenous testosterone blood concentrations and muscle mass, strength, and performance in community dwelling women. The review found that there is no association between total testosterone and muscle mass, strength, or performance in women. Although calculated free or bioavailable testosterone showed a positive association with lean muscle mass, no association was found for muscle strength or performance.
CLINICAL ENDOCRINOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Agnieszka Guligowska, Zuzanna Chrzastek, Marek Pawlikowski, Malgorzata Piglowska, Hanna Pisarek, Katarzyna Winczyk, Tomasz Kostka
Summary: Researchers found that hormone levels in older adults are closely related to sarcopenia indicators, especially gonadotropins, sex hormones, and DHEAS. These findings may potentially alter prevention and treatment strategies for sarcopenia.
FRONTIERS IN ENDOCRINOLOGY
(2021)
Review
Medicine, General & Internal
Kazuyoshi Shigehara, Yuki Kato, Kouji Izumi, Atsushi Mizokami
Summary: The decline in testosterone is associated with sarcopenia and frailty, and testosterone replacement therapy has been shown to improve muscle mass and strength.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MEDICINE
(2022)
Article
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Nadjia Amini, Jolan Dupont, Laurence Lapauw, Laura Vercauteren, Leen Antonio, Terence W. W. O'Neill, Dirk Vanderschueren, Neil Pendleton, Giulia Rastrelli, Mario Maggi, Felipe F. F. Casanueva, Jolanta Slowikowska-Hilczer, Margus Punab, Ilpo T. T. Huhtaniemi, Frederick C. W. Wu, Sabine Verschueren, Jos Tournoy, Evelien Gielen
Summary: This study aimed to investigate the cross-sectional and longitudinal associations between sarcopenia and cognitive performance in middle-aged and older men. The study found that several components of sarcopenia were associated with domain-specific cognitive performance. Longitudinally, baseline and change in subdomains of cognition predicted change in muscle function in specific subgroups.
JOURNAL OF CACHEXIA SARCOPENIA AND MUSCLE
(2023)
Review
Urology & Nephrology
Juan J. Carrero, David Severs, Didier Aguilera, Enrico Fiaccadori, Martin G. Gonzalez, Christoph C. Haufe, Daniel Teta, Pablo Molina, Wesley Visser
Summary: Hemodialysis for patients with chronic kidney disease is associated with high morbidity and mortality rates, as well as low quality of life. Poor nutritional status is a predictor of these risks, so maintaining optimal nutrition in patients on hemodialysis is critical. Intravenous delivery of nutrition during hemodialysis sessions has been proposed as another way to support nutrition. In this review, experienced clinicians provide guidance on when to use intravenous nutrition, which patients may benefit from it, practical delivery strategies, and monitoring methods.
CLINICAL KIDNEY JOURNAL
(2023)
Review
Environmental Sciences
Peter Stenvinkel, Paul G. Shiels, Richard J. Johnson
Summary: Planetary health emphasizes the interdependence between human welfare and ecological systems. However, current practices have neglected this concept, leading to an anthropocentric world that is causing harm to the environment, human health, and biodiversity. By learning from nature and mimicking its ingenious solutions, we may find opportunities to address the challenges we face and create a sustainable future for the planet.
JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Sam Hobson, Samsul Arefin, Awahan Rahman, Leah Hernandez, Thomas Ebert, Henriette de Loor, Pieter Evenepoel, Peter Stenvinkel, Karolina Kublickiene
Summary: Kidney transplantation is the preferred treatment for chronic kidney disease patients, offering improved quality of life and reduced mortality compared to dialysis. However, cardiovascular disease remains a leading cause of death in this population. A study investigated the functional properties of blood vessels two years after kidney transplantation and found that vessel stiffness improved while endothelial function worsened. Additionally, higher levels of a particular compound, indoxyl sulphate, were associated with decreased endothelial function and increased P-selectin levels after transplantation. Further experiments revealed that indoxyl sulphate impaired endothelium-dependent relaxation, potentially contributing to cardiovascular risk.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Leah Hernandez, Liam J. Ward, Samsul Arefin, Peter Barany, Lars Wennberg, Magnus Soderberg, Stefania Bruno, Vincenzo Cantaluppi, Peter Stenvinkel, Karolina Kublickiene
Summary: Kidney transplantation (KT) can improve the neurological status of chronic kidney disease (CKD) patients by affecting circulating BBB-specific biomarkers. This study compared the levels of specific biomarkers in kidney-failure patients before and after KT, showing decreased levels of NSE and increased levels of BDNF and NfL at the two-year follow-up. Male patients had higher BDNF levels compared to females. KT can improve the neurological status of CKD patients, as indicated by changes in BBB-specific biomarkers.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Samsul Arefin, Lars Lofgren, Peter Stenvinkel, Anna B. Granqvist, Karolina Kublickiene
Summary: We investigated the changes in plasma amino acid (AA) metabolism in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) and their relationship with endothelial and vascular smooth muscle function. The study found that CKD patients had altered levels of AAs and their metabolites, which were associated with abnormal vascular maintenance. These findings suggest that targeting AA metabolism could be a potential treatment option for CKD.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Thomas Ebert, Linnea Widman, Peter Stenvinkel, Hannes Hagstrom
Summary: Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is bidirectionally linked to other cardiometabolic disorders but its long-term risk for microvascular outcomes is unclear. This study used nationwide Swedish patient data to identify individuals with NAFLD and matched them with reference individuals. The study found that NAFLD is independently and positively associated with the development of microvascular diseases. Rating: 8/10.
JOURNAL OF INTERNAL MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Carolina Donat-Vargas, Pilar Guallar-Castillon, Jenny Nystrom, Susanna C. Larsson, Maria Kippler, Marie Vahter, Gerd Faxen-Irving, Karl Michaelsson, Alicja Wolk, Peter Stenvinkel, Agneta Akesson
Summary: Elevated phosphate in urine may indicate high intake of inorganic P salts from food additives. Elevated phosphate in plasma is linked to vascular dysfunction and calcification. This study explored the associations between phosphate in urine and plasma, estimated phosphate intake, and incidence of cardiovascular disease (CVD). It found that higher levels of urinary phosphate were associated with CVD and myocardial infarctions. Plasma phosphate showed a weaker association with CVD.
JOURNAL OF INTERNAL MEDICINE
(2023)
Review
Nutrition & Dietetics
Lu Dai, Denise Mafra, Paul G. Shiels, Tilman M. Hackeng, Peter Stenvinkel, Leon J. Schurgers
Summary: Vitamin K and vitamin K-dependent proteins are associated with age-related diseases. The direct impact of vitamin K on cellular senescence is yet to be proven, but its status reflects the complex interactions between dietary intake, gut microbiome activity, and health. It is proposed to emphasize food quality and explore healthy eating patterns containing vitamin K rather than focusing on a single nutrient for dietary recommendations.
Article
Urology & Nephrology
Juan Jesus Carrero, Manish M. Sood, Ailema Gonzalez-Ortiz, Catherine M. Clase
Summary: Since the 1950s, sodium polystyrene sulphonate (SPS) has been the dominant cation exchange agent prescribed for hyperkalaemia. Recently, two novel cation exchangers, patiromer and sodium zirconium cyclosilicate, have gained regulatory approval globally. In this debate, the authors argue that all three agents are likely to have similar efficacy.
CLINICAL KIDNEY JOURNAL
(2023)
Article
Urology & Nephrology
Li Luo, Yuanhang Yang, Lyanne M. Kieneker, Roemer J. Janse, Alessandro Bosi, Faizan Mazhar, Rudolf A. de Boer, Geertruida H. de Bock, Ron T. Gansevoort, Juan-Jesus Carrero
Summary: This study investigated the association between albuminuria and cancer incidence, independent of kidney function. The results showed that higher albuminuria is associated with an increased risk of cancer, regardless of estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR). This study highlights the potential value of using albuminuria as a marker for certain cancer screening programs.
CLINICAL KIDNEY JOURNAL
(2023)
Review
Urology & Nephrology
Pieter Evenepoel, Peter Stenvinkel, Catherine Shanahan, Roberto Pacifici
Summary: Two decades ago, the term chronic kidney disease-mineral and bone disorder (CKD-MBD) was coined to describe the abnormalities in biochemical, bone, and extra-skeletal calcification in patients with CKD. CKD-MBD is a prevalent complication that contributes to fractures, cardiovascular disease, loss of quality of life, and premature mortality. Current therapies targeting phosphate retention, vitamin D metabolism, and parathyroid hormone disturbances have been largely unsuccessful, calling for new approaches. The role of the gut microbiome, immune system, inflammation, and oxidative stress in CKD-MBD is explored in this review, along with potential therapeutic options.
NATURE REVIEWS NEPHROLOGY
(2023)
Article
Neurosciences
Tyra Lagerberg, Anthony A. Matthews, Nanbo Zhu, Seena Fazel, Juan-Jesus Carrero, Zheng Chang
Summary: Concerns have been raised about the impact of SSRIs on suicidal behavior. By using the target trial framework, this study found that SSRI treatment following a depression diagnosis increased the risk of suicidal behavior, particularly among individuals under the age of 25.
NEUROPSYCHOPHARMACOLOGY
(2023)
Review
Food Science & Technology
Denise Mafra, Julie A. Kemp, Natalia A. Borges, Michelle Wong, Peter Stenvinkel
Summary: Residual kidney function is associated with better quality of life and outcome for patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD), and strategies should be implemented to preserve kidney function. Gut dysbiosis due to increased uremic toxin production and endotoxemia is a major cause of kidney damage, and various strategies, including diet, medications, and faecal transplantation, have been proposed to modulate the gut microbiota in these patients. Modifying gut microbiota composition may mitigate chronic kidney damage and preserve residual kidney function, but the effects of diet on residual kidney function remain limited.
Article
Urology & Nephrology
Ane Emilie Friis Vestergaard, Simon Kok Jensen, Uffe Heide-Jorgensen, Kasper Adelborg, Henrik Birn, Juan-Jesus Carrero, Christian Fynbo Christiansen
Summary: This nationwide cohort study investigated the association between the use of DOACs and the risks of kidney complications in patients with atrial fibrillation compared to VKAs.
CLINICAL KIDNEY JOURNAL
(2023)
Review
Urology & Nephrology
Nicholas C. Chesnaye, Juan Jesus Carrero, Manfred Hecking, Kitty J. Jager
Summary: Improved understanding of gender differences in kidney disease epidemiology, management, and outcomes is crucial to provide better care to patients. Women have a higher prevalence of early-stage chronic kidney disease, while men have a higher risk of kidney function decline, kidney failure, and cardiovascular disease. However, the protective effect of female sex diminishes with disease progression. Women are less likely to be diagnosed and treated for kidney disease and have lower health-related quality of life. They face more barriers to access the transplant waiting list but have better survival after transplantation.
NATURE REVIEWS NEPHROLOGY
(2023)