Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Firoz Akhter, Doris Chen, Asma Akhter, Shi Fang Yan, Shirley ShiDu Yan
Summary: The accumulation of metabolites associated with aging can lead to oxidative stress and mitochondrial dysfunction in the brain, but scavenging mitochondrial ROS can help reduce AGEs and dicarbonyls accumulation, improving mitochondrial function.
FREE RADICAL BIOLOGY AND MEDICINE
(2021)
Editorial Material
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Kristen Hege
Summary: Unexpected clinical results have revealed a new aspect in CAR design that could potentially enhance the development of more effective CAR T cell therapies.
Article
Food Science & Technology
Katja C. W. van Dongen, Leonie Kappetein, Ignacio Miro Estruch, Clara Belzer, Karsten Beekmann, Ivonne M. C. M. Rietjens
Summary: This review investigates the roles of endogenously versus exogenously formed glycation products in the potential induction of adverse health effects. Based on the available data, exogenous low molecular mass glycation products appear to be bioavailable and contribute to dicarbonyl stress and protein cross-linking, resulting in formation of endogenous AGEs. On the other hand, exogenous high molecular mass glycation products have limited bioavailability but can bind to the AGE receptor, initiating adverse health effects. Additionally, effects on gut microbiota induced by glycation products is proposed as another mode of action.
FOOD AND CHEMICAL TOXICOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Yazhong Cui, Yang Miao, Longzhi Cao, Lifang Guo, Yue Cui, Chuanzhe Yan, Zhi Zeng, Mo Xu, Ting Han
Summary: The loss of melanocortin-1 receptor (MC1R) in melanoma cells is associated with enhanced T cell infiltration and anti-tumor immune responses.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2023)
Article
Cell Biology
Elisabetta Botticelli, Claudia Guerriero, Sergio Fucile, Maria Egle De Stefano, Carlo Matera, Clelia Dallanoce, Marco De Amici, Ada Maria Tata
Summary: In this study, the signal transduction pathways and effects of a7 nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChRs) in Schwann cells (SCs) after peripheral nerve injury were investigated. It was found that activation of a7 nAChRs enhanced mTORC1 activity through non-canonical pathways, leading to upregulation of c-Jun expression and promotion of SC migration.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Sabrina Gessler, Clara Guthmann, Vera Schuler, Miriam Lilienkamp, Gerd Walz, Toma Antonov Yakulov
Summary: Acute kidney injury is a common complication of severe human diseases, and the mechanisms of repair after injury are still poorly understood. Using a zebrafish model, this study reveals the crucial role of nucleotide-dependent signaling in the cell migration process following tubular injury.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Jimin Park, Joy S. Zeng, Atharva Sahasrabudhe, Kyoungsuk Jin, Yoel Fink, Karthish Manthiram, Polina Anikeeva
Summary: Researchers have developed an electrochemical approach to on-demand release CO by reducing dissolved CO2, modulating signaling pathways mediated by CO receptor. By exploring the effects of CO release kinetics on neuronal signaling, and integrating components into microscale fibers, they localized CO synthesis and activated signaling cascades in targeted cells. This approach may facilitate studies of physiological processes affected by this gaseous molecular messenger.
ANGEWANDTE CHEMIE-INTERNATIONAL EDITION
(2021)
Article
Food Science & Technology
Hyeon-Hee Park, Dasom Nam, Ji-Yoon Lee, Jaehui Song, Hyeyoung Lee, Mun Yhung Jung, Sang Mi Lee, Young-Suk Kim
Summary: It is shown that chlorogenic acid (CGA) can trap glyoxal and methylglyoxal, which are intermediates of the Maillard reaction and precursors of furan, leading to a reduction in furan. This study investigates the effects of CGA on furan, acrylamide, alpha-dicarbonyls, and volatile compound levels in canned coffee model systems (CCMSs) containing sugars and amino acids. The results indicate that CGA decreases furan and volatile compounds, but the effect on acrylamide varies depending on the model system.
LWT-FOOD SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Kyle G. Daniels, Shangying Wang, Milos S. Simic, Hersh K. Bhargava, Sara Capponi, Yurie Tonai, Wei Yu, Simone Bianco, Wendell A. Lim
Summary: This study constructed a CAR library containing synthetic costimulatory domains and used neural networks and machine learning to decode the combinatorial grammar of CAR signaling motifs. Non-native combinations of signaling motifs were found to enhance cytotoxicity and stemness associated with tumor killing.
Article
Immunology
Lore Billiet, Laurenz De Cock, Guillem Sanchez Sanchez, Rupert L. Mayer, Glenn Goetgeluk, Stijn De Munter, Melissa Pille, Joline Ingels, Hanne Jansen, Karin Weening, Eva Pascal, Killian Raes, Sarah Bonte, Tessa Kerre, Niels Vandamme, Ruth Seurinck, Jana Roels, Marieke Lavaert, Filip Van Nieuwerburgh, Georges Leclercq, Tom Taghon, Francis Impens, Bjorn Menten, David Vermijlen, Bart Vandekerckhove
Summary: Billiet et al. identify a well-defined but heterogeneous unconventional TCR alpha beta(+) lineage mainly confined to CD8(+) Helios(+) T cells, which represents the post-thymic progeny of CD10(+) PD-1(+) precursors in humans. These unconventional T cells (UTCs) in thymus and blood share a common developmental trajectory, characterized by hallmark transcription factors (ZNF683 and IKZF2) and a polycolonal TCR repertoire with autoreactive features. The UTC lineage can be identified in adult blood and intestinal tissues.
JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Md. Sohel Rana, Marcelo I. Guzman
Summary: The study reveals the oxidation process of phenolic aldehydes emitted during biomass burning in the atmosphere and their impact on particulate matter. The oxidation reactions were confirmed by analyzing thin films of the aldehydes and identifying the oxidation products. The study also proposes a combined oxidation mechanism for the three compounds and explains their contribution to the formation of secondary organic aerosols.
JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY A
(2022)
Article
Cell Biology
Xiaokan Zhang, Bryan Z. Wang, Michael Kim, Trevor R. Nash, Bohao Liu, Jenny Rao, Roberta Lock, Manuel Tamargo, Rajesh Kumar Soni, John Belov, Eric Li, Gordana Vunjak-Novakovic, Barry Fine
Summary: Protein kinase A (PKA) is critical for cardiac function, but its activity is tightly regulated. In this study, we identified STK25 as a kinase of PRKAR1A, a regulatory subunit of PKA. Phosphorylation of PRKAR1A inhibits PKA activity and increases binding to the catalytic subunit. Knockout of Stk25 in mice leads to decreased Prkar1a phosphorylation, increased Pka activity, and enhanced response to beta-adrenergic stimulation. These findings suggest that STK25 acts as a negative regulator of PKA signaling through phosphorylation of PRKAR1A.
Article
Biology
Richard Sando, Thomas C. Sudhof
Summary: Latrophilin-2 and Latrophilin-3 play essential roles in synapse formation in the hippocampus by requiring GPCR signaling to activate the classical GPCR-signaling pathway.
Review
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Shanu Jain, Kenneth A. Jacobson
Summary: Purinergic signaling, originally proposed by Geoffrey Burnstock, plays a crucial role in modulating pathways in various physiological systems. Adenosine receptors and P2 nucleotide receptors are involved in metabolic disorders, affecting specific cell types like adipocytes, skeletal muscle, liver cells, and immune cells. Selective ligands for adenosine and P2 receptors may have therapeutic potential for diabetes and obesity, but conflicting conclusions exist in drug discovery related to this topic.
BIOCHEMICAL PHARMACOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Xiaoye Yu, Constantin G. Daniliuc, Fatmah Ali Alasmary, Armido Studer
Summary: A new approach for the synthesis of alpha-aminosilanes using photoredox catalysis was presented, providing highly functionalized products in good yields under mild conditions. Both primary and secondary amines can be used for this transformation, and optically pure alpha-aminosilanes can be obtained by using chiral amines. Mechanistic studies indicate that the reactions proceed through radical/radical cross-coupling of silyl radicals with alpha-amino alkyl radicals.
ANGEWANDTE CHEMIE-INTERNATIONAL EDITION
(2021)