Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Ana Torres-Costoso, Miriam Garrido-Miguel, Luis Gracia-Marco, Purificacion Lopez-Munoz, Sara Reina-Gutierrez, Sergio Nunez de Arenas-Arroyo, Vicente Martinez-Vizcaino
Summary: This study investigated the impact of the fat but fit paradox on bone health, finding that muscular strength and key bone nutrients play a positive role in counteracting the negative effects of obesity. Cluster analysis identified four categories of young adults based on body fat percentage and handgrip strength levels: Fat Unfit, Unfat Unfit, Fat Fit, and Unfat Fit.
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Rachel C. Colley, Janine Clarke, Caroline Y. Doyon, Ian Janssen, Justin J. Lang, Brian W. Timmons, Mark S. Tremblay
Summary: The study found a significant positive association in measured physical fitness between parents and children, with parents' health status affecting children's physical fitness levels to a certain extent. Additionally, the relationships between parents and children varied across different gender combinations.
Article
Pediatrics
Gerardo Weisstaub, Maria Angelica Gonzalez Bravo, Antonio Garcia-Hermoso, Gabriela Salazar, Jose Francisco Lopez-Gil
Summary: This study examined the fat but fit paradox in a sample of schoolchildren aged 7-9 years and found that those with high physical fitness had the lowest cardiometabolic risk, while those with low physical fitness had the highest cardiometabolic risk. Additionally, schoolchildren without excess weight and with high physical fitness had lower cardiometabolic risk compared to those with excess weight and low physical fitness.
TRANSLATIONAL PEDIATRICS
(2022)
Article
Pediatrics
Evi Verbecque, Dane Coetzee, Bouwien Smits-Engelsman
Summary: This study compared the physical fitness of underweight and normal weight children. The underweight children showed better agility and muscular endurance, but lower muscular power, compared to their normal weight peers.
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Gen-Min Lin, Kun-Zhe Tsai, Yun-Chen Chang, Wei-Chun Huang, Xuemei Sui, Carl J. Lavie
Summary: The study found an inverse association between muscular strength and carotid intima-media thickness in young adults, with different correlations between men and women. Furthermore, it emphasized the beneficial impact of upper arm muscle training on reducing the risk of early cardiovascular diseases in young women.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MEDICINE
(2022)
Article
Biology
Anaelle Olivo, Romain Marlin, Thierry Lazure, Pauline Maisonnasse, Laetitia Bossevot, Christelliah Mouanga, Julien Lemaitre, Guillaume Pourcher, Stephane Benoist, Roger Le Grand, Olivier Lambotte, Nathalie Dereuddre-Bosquet, Christine Bourgeois
Summary: There is a documented association between obesity and the severity of SARS-CoV-2 infection. This study found that SARS-CoV-2 can be detected in subcutaneous adipose tissue but not in visceral adipose tissue or epicardial adipose tissue in a model of mild infection. The study also observed higher levels of angiotensin-converting-enzyme-2 mRNA expression in subcutaneous adipose tissue compared to visceral adipose tissue. Additionally, both subcutaneous and visceral adipose tissue showed a reduction in CD69 expression in T cells after SARS-CoV-2 infection.
COMMUNICATIONS BIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Wei Wei, JingX Zhu, Shuang Ren, Yih-Kuen Jan, WuL Zhang, Ronghai Su, Li He
Summary: The objective of this study was to compare the effects of progressive bodyweight training and barbell back squat on muscle strength, muscular hypertrophy, and body fat percentage in sedentary young women. The findings indicate that while both training methods increased maximum strength and muscle mass, barbell back squat training may be more effective in reducing body fat percentage.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2023)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Dejan Reljic, Hans J. Herrmann, Markus F. Neurath, Yurdagul Zopf
Summary: The study concludes that traditional resistance training (RT) has superior effects on cardiometabolic health, skeletal muscle mass, and quality of life in obese metabolic syndrome (MetS) patients undergoing caloric restriction (CR) compared to whole body electromyostimulation (WB-EMS).
Article
Immunology
Nahdia S. Jones, Katarina Q. Watson, G. William Rebeck
Summary: The study found that APOE genotype and obesity interact to affect important processes related to inflammation and neuronal plasticity in the central nervous system (CNS). The APOE3 genotype modulates a response to high-fat diet, while the APOE4 genotype does not.
JOURNAL OF NEUROINFLAMMATION
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Fraser Philp, Richa Kulshrestha, Nicholas Emery, Marco Arkesteijn, Anand Pandyan, Tracey Willis
Summary: This study aimed to evaluate the effect of a single intermittent arm cycling exercise on people affected by FSHD. The results showed that intermittent arm cycling was feasible for FSHD patients and could improve shoulder function and strength.
Editorial Material
Cell Biology
Odeta Mece, Diede Houbaert, Patrizia Agostinis
Summary: Lymphatic endothelial cells (LECs) rely on fatty acid oxidation (FAO) and the transcription factor PROX1 for growth and maintaining their identity. The loss of ATG5 in LECs prevents injury-induced lymphangiogenesis by impairing the degradation of lipid droplets (LDs) and disrupting mitochondrial fitness. This leads to reduced mitochondrial FAO and acetyl-CoA levels, affecting PROX1-mediated epigenetic regulation and key lymphatic markers. Supplementing with acetate, a fatty acid precursor, rescues defective inflammation-driven lymphangiogenesis in LEC-specific atg5 knockout mice.
Article
Clinical Neurology
Louise Ziegler, Hakan Wallen, Sara Aspberg, Ulf de Faire, Bruna Gigante
Summary: Pro-inflammatory IL6 trans-signaling, as indicated by the B/T ratio, is associated with an increased risk of ischemic stroke in individuals without AF, suggesting the potential use of the B/T ratio in assessing the risk of non-AF associated ischemic stroke.
Review
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Alejandra Gonzalez-Rocha, Lucia Mendez-Sanchez, Maria Araceli Ortiz-Rodriguez, Edgar Denova-Gutierrez
Summary: The demographic transition necessitates new recommendations on the impact of aging on components such as muscle mass, fat mass, bone mass, muscle strength, and physical performance. A review and meta-analysis of exercise interventions on community dwelling older adults revealed that resistance exercise resulted in increased muscle mass and decreased fat mass. Further research is needed to explore the effects of other exercise interventions.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Sourav Roy, Md Abdur Rahman Ripon, Rahima Begum, Dipty Rani Bhowmik, Mohammad Tohidul Amin, Md Aminul Islam, Firoz Ahmed, Mohammad Salim Hossain
Summary: This study investigated the effects of arachidonic acid (AA) supplementation on obesity, adipocyte morphology, inflammation, and AA cascade signaling. The results suggest that AA does not significantly affect body weight, visceral fat mass, or serum lipid profile. However, it effectively alleviates obesity-induced adipocyte inflammation in high-fat diet-induced obese mice.
BIOCHEMICAL AND BIOPHYSICAL RESEARCH COMMUNICATIONS
(2022)
Article
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Jolan Dupont, Leen Antonio, Lenore Dedeyne, Terence W. O'Neill, Dirk Vanderschueren, Giulia Rastrelli, Mario Maggi, Gyorgy Bartfai, Felipe F. Casanueva, Aleksander Giwercman, Jolanta Slowikowska-Hilczer, Margus Punab, Ilpo T. Huhtaniemi, Frederick C. W. Wu, Jos Tournoy, Katrien Koppo, Evelien Gielen
Summary: In middle-aged and older men, inflammatory markers hs-CRP and WBC were negatively associated with QoL and PASE scores, while WBC was negatively associated with gait speed and knee strength. However, baseline inflammatory markers (hs-CRP, WBC, and albumin) did not predict functional decline, decline in physical activity, decreased QoL, or incident sarcopenia.
JOURNAL OF CACHEXIA SARCOPENIA AND MUSCLE
(2021)
Article
Psychology, Biological
Umit Yilmaz, Kevser Tanbek
Summary: This study investigated the effects of intracerebroventricular administration of Spexin on the hypothalamus-pituitary-thyroid axis and energy expenditure in rats. The results showed that Spexin reduced food consumption and body weight, increased thyroid hormones, and enhanced energy metabolism.
PHYSIOLOGY & BEHAVIOR
(2024)
Article
Psychology, Biological
Kuei-Yu Chien, Yun-Ju Chen, Kuo-Jen Hsu, Chiao-Nan Chen
Summary: This study investigated the effects of a high-protein diet and high-intensity interval training on appetite and weight loss in obese middle-aged individuals. The results showed that consuming a high-protein drink and following a high-protein diet after exercise can reduce post-exercise appetite and the frequency of late-night snacking.
PHYSIOLOGY & BEHAVIOR
(2024)
Review
Psychology, Biological
Melissa Alves Braga Oliveira, Ana Carolina Odebrecht Vergne de Abreu, Debora Barroggi Constantino, Andre C. Tonon, Antoni Diez-Noguera, Fernanda Gaspar Amaral, Maria Paz Hidalgo
Summary: Biological processes in living organisms exhibit strong rhythmicity and are regulated by internal timing systems. Understanding the influence of biological rhythms is crucial for experimental design and reporting.
PHYSIOLOGY & BEHAVIOR
(2024)
Article
Psychology, Biological
Yanqun Cao, Hao Chen, Yinna Tan, Xu-Dong Yu, Chuli Xiao, Yin Li, James Reilly, Zhiming He, Xinhua Shu
Summary: There is evidence to suggest that chronic stress impacts neurochemical homeostasis and contributes to mental disorders. This study investigates the therapeutic potential of p-coumaric acid (p-CA), a natural compound found in vegetables and fruits, against stress-associated mental disorders. The findings suggest that p-CA could alleviate cognitive deficits and depression-like behavior in mice exposed to chronic restraint stress (CRS) by regulating the PKA-CREB-BDNF signaling pathway.
PHYSIOLOGY & BEHAVIOR
(2024)
Article
Psychology, Biological
Mai O. Spaulding, Jessica R. Hoffman, Grace C. Madu, Magen N. Lord, Caroline Soares Iizuka, Kevin P. Myers, Emily E. Noble
Summary: Food insecurity is associated with obesity and disordered eating behaviors. Studying a rodent model, researchers found that adolescent food insecurity may increase susceptibility to obesity and altered eating behaviors during adulthood.
PHYSIOLOGY & BEHAVIOR
(2024)
Article
Psychology, Biological
K. Oberman, B. L. van Leeuwen, M. Nabben, J. E. Villafranca, R. G. Schoemaker
Summary: The present study investigated the post-operative complications and therapeutic potential of J147 in male Zucker rats, and found that J147 treatment had positive effects on behavioral and metabolic parameters, but did not affect neuroinflammation. The results suggest that a combination of acute and chronic J147 treatment may be optimal for treatment.
PHYSIOLOGY & BEHAVIOR
(2024)
Review
Psychology, Biological
Mathieu Cournoyer, Alice Maldera, Alexandre-Charles Gauthier, Fabien Dal Maso, Marie-Eve Mathieu
Summary: This article provides a comprehensive view of the literature on the effect of different odors on physical activity through a systematic review. It was found that pleasant odors have a positive impact on participants' physical activity. However, better methodological consistency is needed in studies to produce more meaningful results.
PHYSIOLOGY & BEHAVIOR
(2024)
Article
Psychology, Biological
Gabriel R. Gilmore, Jeff Dyche
Summary: This study examined sleep, sleep/wake regularity, and cognition in college students diagnosed with depression and using serotonergic antidepressants, comparing them to those without a depression diagnosis. The results showed that students using antidepressants had slightly longer wake after sleep onset and lower sleep efficiency, but these differences were likely not noticed by the participants. There were no differences in sleep regularity or cognition between the two groups.
PHYSIOLOGY & BEHAVIOR
(2024)
Article
Psychology, Biological
Erica A. Cross, Kim L. Huhman, H. Elliott Albers
Summary: Social stress plays a significant role in the development of neuropsychiatric disorders and can lead to behavioral deficits such as social withdrawal. This study investigates the impact of social stress on social reward in Syrian hamsters. The results show that subordinate and socially defeated males have reduced motivation for social interactions compared to dominant males. Additionally, winning males exhibit greater activation in the mesolimbic dopamine system compared to losers. In females, there were no differences in social entries between winners and losers, but winning females display more activation in the NAc shell.
PHYSIOLOGY & BEHAVIOR
(2024)
Article
Psychology, Biological
Daniel A. R. Cabral, Maria L. M. Rego, Eduardo B. Fontes, Vagner D. O. Tavares
Summary: This study examined the association between body mass index (BMI) and negative emotional states (NES) in men with substance use disorders (SUD) undergoing treatment. The findings showed a positive correlation between BMI and stress, anxiety, and depression. These results suggest that reducing body fat accumulation may contribute to improving mental health in individuals with SUD during recovery.
PHYSIOLOGY & BEHAVIOR
(2024)
Review
Psychology, Biological
Elizabeth Agbor Epse Muluh, Jessica C. McCormack, Yunfan Mo, Michael Garratt, Mei Peng
Summary: This PROSPERO pre-registered systematic review and meta-analysis evaluated the olfactory and gustatory changes in pregnant individuals. The meta-analysis revealed that pregnant individuals performed poorer in odour identification, rated olfactory stimuli to be more intense during the second and third trimester, and had increased pleasantness for sweet taste in the first trimester. No major difference was observed in terms of gustatory functions between pregnant and non-pregnant subjects.
PHYSIOLOGY & BEHAVIOR
(2024)
Article
Psychology, Biological
Renee Spiteri Douglas, Mackenzie R. Hartley, J. Renee Yang, Tamara B. Franklin
Summary: The expression of Hdac2 in the hippocampus is associated with social status, while the expression of closely related genes Hdac1 and HDAC2 protein is not associated with social rank in the hippocampus.
PHYSIOLOGY & BEHAVIOR
(2024)