The trade-off of light trapping between top and bottom cell in micromorph tandem solar cells with sputtering ZnO:Al glass substrate

A simulated and experimental investigation of the trade-off between light trapping and current matching in p-i-n structured a-Si:H/mu c-Si:H tandem solar cells is presented, which aims to address the limited short circuit current density (J(sc)) that results from the low long-wavelength light scattering of the fluorine-doped tin oxide (SnO2:F) substrates typically used. To this end, the mismatch of the J(sc) between the top and bottom cells is reduced by utilizing a ZnO:Al substrate with optimized long-wavelength light scattering properties as the front contact, thereby improving the response of the bottom cell at the expense of the lower top cell's j(sc) yet. A trade-off between the top and bottom cell's light response is subsequently found with SnO2 or ZnO:Al as a substrate, by introducing an n-type mu C-SiOx intermediate reflector (IR) between the two component cells. An initial efficiency based on an approximate current matching of 11.90% is achieved for a-Si:H/mu c-Si:H tandem solar cell by adopting a magnetron-sputtered and texture-etched ZnO:Al substrate and an optimized n-type mu C-SiOx IR. (C) 2014 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.