Journal
JOURNAL OF POWER SOURCES
Volume 196, Issue 18, Pages 7505-7509Publisher
ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
DOI: 10.1016/j.jpowsour.2011.04.038
Keywords
Enzymatic fuel cell; Enzyme immobilization; Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase; Nanobiotechnology; Sugar battery; Synthetic enzymatic pathway
Funding
- Air Force Office of Scientific Research MURI [FA9550-08-1-0145]
- DOE Bioenergy Science Center (BESC)
- CALS Bioprocessing and Biodesign Center
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Enzymatic fuel cells (EFCs) use a variety of fuels to generate electricity through oxidoreductase enzymes, such as oxidases or dehydrogenases, as catalysts on electrodes. We have developed a novel synthetic enzymatic pathway containing two free enzymes (maltodextrin phosphorylase and phosphoglucomutase) and one immobilized glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase that can utilize an oligomeric substrate maltodextrin for producing electrons mediated via a diaphorase and vitamin K-3 electron shuttle system. Three different enzyme immobilization approaches were compared based on electrostatic force entrapment, chemical cross-linking, and cross-linking with the aid of carbon nanotubes. At 10 mM glucose-6-phosphate (G6P) as a substrate concentration, the maximum power density of 0.06 mW cm(-2) and retaining 42% of power output after 11 days were obtained through the method of chemical cross-linking with carbon nanotubes, approximately 6-fold and 3.5-fold better than those of the electrostatic force-based method, respectively. When changed to maltodextrin (degree of polymerization = 19) as the substrate, the EFC achieved a maximum power density of 0.085 mW cm(-2). With the advantages of stable, low cost, high energy density, non-inhibitor to enzymes, and environmental friendly, maltodextrin is suggested to be an ideal fuel to power enzymatic fuel cells. (C) 2011 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
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