Article
Chemistry, Physical
V. V. Solovey, A. A. Shevchenko, M. M. Zipunnikov, A. L. Kotenko, Nguyen Tien Khiem, Bui Dinh Tri, Tran Thanh Hai
Summary: This article introduces a technology for cyclic generation of hydrogen and oxygen using electrodes made of variable valency material without the need for separating ion-exchange membranes. This technological solution enables the production of high-pressure hydrogen continuously while reducing the energy intensity of production. The article investigates the influence of supplying DC current discretely to the electrolysis cell to improve gas evolution processes and simplify the power systems of the electrolysis plant. Additionally, an electrolysis installation equipped with a thermosorption compressor using LaNi5 as a hydrideforming compound is considered. Comparative characteristics between the developed electrolyzer and currently used hydrogen generators are provided.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF HYDROGEN ENERGY
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Huong Doan, Thiago Morais, Nino Borchtchoukova, Yair Wijsboom, Ronit Sharabi, Marian Chatenet, Gennadi Finkelshtain
Summary: The study indicates that monometallic catalysts are more susceptible to reversible poisoning and irreversible degradation at low potentials compared to bimetallic catalysts. Monometallic PGM/C experiences significant reversible poisoning and irreversible degradation, while bimetallic Pd-Ni/C exhibits minimal loss of ECSAPGM and HOR activity, making it less affected by carbon corrosion and CO-like species poisoning.
APPLIED CATALYSIS B-ENVIRONMENTAL
(2022)
Review
Energy & Fuels
Muhammad Tanveer, Kwang-Yong Kim
Summary: Membraneless microfluidic fuel cells (MMFCs) are being extensively studied as an alternative to batteries and conventional membrane fuel cells due to their simple functioning and lower manufacturing cost. This review article summarizes different flow configurations of MMFCs reported between 2002 and 2020, focusing on how they improve power density output by reducing or modifying diffusive mixing and depletion zones. Opportunities for research and challenges in improving MMFC performance are also discussed.
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Wu Yujing, Zhou Hongxiu, Zhang Ao, Zhao Leqing
Summary: The research shows that flowing electrode direct methanol fuel cell (FEDMFC) effectively reduces methanol crossover rate while maintaining high power densities. Increasing flow rate can decrease crossover rate but will affect efficiency and stability, with optimal flow rate controlled at 1-3 sccm.
JOURNAL OF POWER SOURCES
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Risako Tanii, Ryota Ogawa, Hisayoshi Matsushima, Mikito Ueda, Richard Dawson
Summary: This study investigates deuterium separation using two types of AFCs with different catalysts and finds a mass transportation limitation at Ru catalyst leading to a decrease in voltage. The slow reaction rate of D-2 gas on Ru catalyst is supported by AC impedance measurements. Experimental results show that deuterium is diluted with Pt catalyst but concentrated with Ru catalyst, possibly due to differences in adsorption energy on the catalyst surface.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF HYDROGEN ENERGY
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Caroline Teixeira Rodrigues, Gabriela de Franca Lopes, Christian Goncalves Alonso, Luiz Mario de Matos Jorge, Paulo Roberto Paraiso
Summary: Studies on the integration of reforming systems with Fuel Cells are intriguing for energy production in remote areas. The development of multi-fuel processors that can utilize various fuels without modifying the unit is particularly interesting. This study modeled and simulated an Autonomous Fuel Cell (AFC) system with methanol and/or Dimethyl Ether Steam Reforming (SR) using Aspen Plus. The evaluation focused on process variables, operational conditions, and the need for additional processes.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF HYDROGEN ENERGY
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Applied
Heeyeon An, Hyewon Jeon, Jungyeon Ji, Yongchai Kwon, Yongjin Chung
Summary: In this study, an amine-coordinated cobalt phthalocyanine-based anodic catalyst was fabricated by a facile process to enhance the performance of HPFCs and EBCs. The addition of PEI shifted the onset potential of the oxidation reaction, improved the current density, and created a favorable microenvironment for enzyme activity, resulting in significantly improved operational durability and long-term stability of the biocatalyst. The suggested catalyst showed enhanced performance in HPFCs and EBCs, with improved maximum power densities and open-circuit voltages.
JOURNAL OF ENERGY CHEMISTRY
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Vicente Galvan, Bharat Shrimant, Chulsung Bae, G. K. Surya Prakash
Summary: In recent years, direct alkaline fuel cells have seen a rapid performance increase due to improvements in the anion exchange membrane and oxygen reduction reaction electrocatalysts. Research has shown that changing the cation structures of anion exchange ionomers plays a significant role in methanol oxidation reactions on PtRu/C catalysts. Additionally, the use of a poly(terphenylene) membrane and anode containing anion exchange ionomers can achieve high power densities with low catalyst loading.
ACS APPLIED ENERGY MATERIALS
(2021)
Article
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
Bo-Qiang Miao, Ya-Chong Liu, Yu Ding, Pu-Jun Jin, Pei Chen, Yu Chen
Summary: In this study, high-quality chlorine-free Rh nanodendrites (Rh-NDs) were successfully synthesized by a simple one-step chemical-reduction method. Rh-NDs exhibited high electroactivity for methanol oxidation reaction (MOR) in alkaline direct methanol fuel cells. Under optimal experimental conditions, Rh-NDs showed a significant enhancement in electroactivity and durability for MOR compared to irregular Rh nanocrystals, thanks to their dendritic morphology that provides a large specific surface area, rich corner/edge atoms, and efficient aggregation inhibition.
SUSTAINABLE MATERIALS AND TECHNOLOGIES
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Konstantinos Kappis, Joan Papavasiliou, Marcin Kusmierz, Grzegorz Slowikc, Yifan Li, Haibin Li, Wojciech Gac, George Avgouropoulos
Summary: Steam reforming of methanol using CuZnOx catalysts was investigated, and the incorporation of Ga was found to improve catalyst performance by altering the environment and promoting the formation of ZnGa2O4 spinels and oxygen vacancies. The presence of Ga2O3 (15 wt%) was beneficial for activity and selectivity, and the formation of a CuZnGaAlOx system further enhanced the performance. The most active material showed promising results in an integrated internal reforming methanol fuel cell operating at 220 degrees C.
CHEMICAL ENGINEERING JOURNAL
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Carmelo Lo Vecchio, Xiang Lyu, Irene Gatto, Barr Zulevi, Alexey Serov, Vincenzo Baglio
Summary: This study aims to evaluate the performance of alkaline direct methanol fuel cells (ADMFCs) with commercial materials and establish a reference for comparing newly developed materials. Fe-N-C catalysts, Fumasep (FAA-3-50) based AEMs, and FAA3 based AEIs were used, and parameters such as operating temperature and methanol concentration were optimized. Electrochemical measurements showed that the best performance was achieved with 5 M methanol at 60 degrees C, demonstrating a remarkable power density of 48.2 mW cm-2. This work provides insights for the large-scale application of ADMFC with commercial PGM-free materials.
JOURNAL OF POWER SOURCES
(2023)
Article
Energy & Fuels
Muhammad Tanveer, Kwang-Yong Kim
Summary: A novel flow channel configuration of a membraneless microfluidic fuel cell (MMFC) with porous flow-through electrodes was numerically investigated, showing that a hollow structure in the central flow channel coupled with porous electrodes performed the best in terms of peak power density.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENERGY RESEARCH
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Jegathishkumar Ramasamy, Karthikeyan Palaniswamy, Thanarajan Kumaresan, Mathan Chandran, Rui Chen
Summary: The study demonstrates that modifying flow channels can enhance the performance of direct methanol fuel cells. While the serpentine channel provides better methanol distribution, it lacks in water management. The results highlight the effectiveness of zigzag and pin channels in mitigating water accumulation and ensuring better oxygen supply at the cathode.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF HYDROGEN ENERGY
(2022)
Review
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Tang Tang, Liang Ding, Ze-Cheng Yao, Hai-Rui Pan, Jin-Song Hu, Li-Jun Wan
Summary: This review discusses the recent progress and strategies in constructing synergistic active sites for advancing alkaline HOR/HER electrocatalysts. It introduces the fundamentals of alkaline HOR/HER and dissects the functionality of different active sites in innovative catalysts, highlighting the synergistic effects. Perspectives on future challenges and opportunities in the design and synthesis of synergistic HOR and HER electrocatalysts are also proposed to promote the application of hydrogen-based energy conversion systems.
ADVANCED FUNCTIONAL MATERIALS
(2022)
Article
Thermodynamics
Alessandro Manzotti, Emanuele Quattrocchi, Antonino Curcio, Stephen C. T. Kwok, Massimo Santarelli, Francesco Ciucci
Summary: Hydrogen is an ideal energy carrier for a sustainable economy, but its current production methods, such as steam reforming and coal gasification, are polluting and energy-intensive. This article focuses on membraneless electrolyzers as a potentially more cost-effective and profitable alternative for hydrogen production, with a levelized cost of hydrogen around 2 USD/kg(H2).
ENERGY CONVERSION AND MANAGEMENT
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Tianyu Chen, Zhibin Lu, Guangjin Zeng, Yongmin Xie, Jie Xiao, Zhifeng Xu
Summary: The study introduces a high-performance LSGM electrolyte-supported tubular DC-SOFC stack for portable applications, which shows great potential in developing into high-performing, efficient, and environmentally friendly portable power sources for distributed applications.
JOURNAL OF POWER SOURCES
(2024)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Wenbin Tong, Yili Chen, Shijie Gong, Shaokun Zhu, Jie Tian, Jiaqian Qin, Wenyong Chen, Shuanghong Chen
Summary: In this study, a three-dimensional porous NiO interface layer with enhanced anode dynamics is fabricated, forming a Schottky contact with the zinc substrate, allowing rapid and uniform zinc plating both inside and below the interface layer. The resulting NiO@Zn exhibits exceptional stability and high capacity retention.
JOURNAL OF POWER SOURCES
(2024)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Yafeng Bai, Kaidi Li, Liying Wang, Yang Gao, Xuesong Li, Xijia Yang, Wei Lu
Summary: In this study, a flexible zinc ion supercapacitor with gel electrolytes, porous alpha-MnO2@reduced graphene oxide cathode, and activated carbon/carbon cloth anode was developed. The device exhibits excellent electrochemical performance and stability, even at low temperatures, with a high cycle retention rate after 5000 cycles.
JOURNAL OF POWER SOURCES
(2024)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Anmol Jnawali, Matt D. R. Kok, Francesco Iacoviello, Daniel J. L. Brett, Paul R. Shearing
Summary: This article presents the results of a systematic study on the electrochemical performance and mechanical changes in two types of commercial batteries with different anode chemistry. The study reveals that the swelling of anode layers in batteries with silicon-based components causes deformations in the jelly roll structure, but the presence of a small percentage of silicon does not significantly impact the cycling performance of the cells within the relevant state-of-health range for electric vehicles (EVs). The research suggests that there is room for improving the cell capacities by increasing the silicon loading in composite anodes to meet the increasing demands on EVs.
JOURNAL OF POWER SOURCES
(2024)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Yohandys A. Zulueta, My Phuong Pham-Ho, Minh Tho Nguyen
Summary: Advanced atomistic simulations were used to study ion transport in the Na- and K-doped lithium disilicate Li2Si2O5. The results showed that Na and K doping significantly enhanced Li ion diffusion and conduction in the material.
JOURNAL OF POWER SOURCES
(2024)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Zongying Han, Hui Dong, Yanru Yang, Hao Yu, Zhibin Yang
Summary: An efficient phase inversion-impregnation approach is developed to fabricate BaO-decorated Ni8 mol% YSZ anode-supported tubular solid oxide fuel cells (SOFCs) with anti-coking properties. BaO nanoislands are successfully introduced inside the Ni-YSZ anode, leading to higher peak power densities and improved stability in methane fuel. Density functional theory calculations suggest that the loading of BaO nanoislands facilitates carbon elimination by capturing and dissociating H2O molecules to generate OH.
JOURNAL OF POWER SOURCES
(2024)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Suresh Mamidi, Dan Na, Baeksang Yoon, Henu Sharma, Anil D. Pathak, Kisor Kumar Sahu, Dae Young Lee, Cheul-Ro Lee, Inseok Seo
Summary: Li-CO2 batteries, which utilize CO2 and have a high energy density, are hindered in practical applications due to slow kinetics and safety hazards. This study introduces a stable and highly conductive ceramic-based solid electrolyte and a metal-organic framework catalyst to improve the safety and performance of Li-CO2 batteries. The optimized Li-CO2 cell shows outstanding specific capacity and cycle life, and the post-cycling analysis reveals the degradation mechanism of the electrodes. First-principles calculations based on density functional theory are also performed to understand the interactions between the catalyst and the host electrode. This research demonstrates the potential of MOF cathode catalyst for stable operation in Li-CO2 batteries.
JOURNAL OF POWER SOURCES
(2024)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Ganghua Xiang, Zhihuan Qiu, Huilong Fei, Zhigang Liu, Shuangfeng Yin, Yuen Wu
Summary: In this study, a CeFeOx-supported Pt single atoms and subnanometric clusters catalyst was developed, which exhibits enhanced catalytic activity and stability for the preferential oxidation of CO in H2-rich stream through synergistic effect.
JOURNAL OF POWER SOURCES
(2024)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Dimitrios Chatzogiannakis, Marcus Fehse, Maria Angeles Cabanero, Natalia Romano, Ashley Black, Damien Saurel, M. Rosa Palacin, Montse Casas-Cabanas
Summary: By coupling electrochemical testing to operando synchrotron based X-ray absorption and powder diffraction experiments, blended positive electrodes consisting of LiMn2O4 spinel (LMO) and layered LiNi0.5Mn0.3Co0.2O2 (NMC) were studied to understand their redox mechanism. It was found that blending NMC with LMO can enhance energy density at high rates, with the blend containing 25% LMO showing the best performance. Testing with a special electrochemical setup revealed that the effective current load on each blend component can vary significantly from the nominal rate and also changes with SoC. Operando studies allowed monitoring of the oxidation state evolution and changes in crystal structure, in line with the expected behavior of individual components considering their electrochemical current loads.
JOURNAL OF POWER SOURCES
(2024)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Chiara Cementon, Daniel Dewar, Thrinathreddy Ramireddy, Michael Brennan, Alexey M. Glushenkov
Summary: This Perspective discusses the specific power and power density of lithium-ion capacitors, highlighting the fact that their power characteristics are often underestimated. Through analysis, it is found that lithium-ion capacitors can usually achieve power densities superior to electrochemical supercapacitors, making them excellent alternatives to supercapacitors.
JOURNAL OF POWER SOURCES
(2024)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Weihao Wang, Hao Yu, Li Ma, Youquan Zhang, Yuejiao Chen, Libao Chen, Guichao Kuang, Liangjun Zhou, Weifeng Wei
Summary: This study achieved an improved electrolyte with excellent low-temperature and high-voltage performance by regulating the Li+ solvation structure and highly concentrating it. The electrolyte exhibited outstanding oxidation potential and high ionic conductivity under low temperature and high voltage conditions, providing a promising approach for the practical application of high-voltage LIBs.
JOURNAL OF POWER SOURCES
(2024)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Martin Bures, Dan Gotz, Jiri Charvat, Milos Svoboda, Jaromir Pocedic, Juraj Kosek, Alexandr Zubov, Petr Mazur
Summary: Vanadium redox flow battery is a promising energy storage solution with long-term durability, non-flammability, and high overall efficiency. Researchers have developed a mathematical model to simulate the charge-discharge cycling of the battery, and found that hydraulic connection of electrolyte tanks is the most effective strategy to reduce capacity losses, achieving a 69% reduction.
JOURNAL OF POWER SOURCES
(2024)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
M. Rodriguez-Gomez, J. Campo, A. Orera, F. de La Fuente, J. Valenciano, H. Fricke, D. S. Hussey, Y. Chen, D. Yu, K. An, A. Larrea
Summary: In this study, we analysed the operando performance of industrial lead cells using neutron diffraction experiments. The experiments revealed the evolution of different phases in the positive electrode, showed significant inhomogeneity of phase distribution inside the electrode, and estimated the energy efficiency of the cells.
JOURNAL OF POWER SOURCES
(2024)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Jiawei Liu, Chenpeng Wang, Yue Yao, Hao Ye, Yinglong Liu, Yingli Liu, Xiaoru Xu, Zhicong Chen, Huazheng Yang, Gang Wu, Libin Lei, Chao Wang, Bo Liang
Summary: The study focuses on utilizing double conductive Ni-pads as anode collectors in micro-tubular solid oxide fuel cells. The simulation results show excellent performance and stability of DCNPs, and also highlight the potential applications in various fields.
JOURNAL OF POWER SOURCES
(2024)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Yang Wang, Kangjie Zhou, Lang Cui, Jiabing Mei, Shengnan Li, Le Li, Wei Fan, Longsheng Zhang, Tianxi Liu
Summary: This study presents a polyimide sandwiched separator (s-PIF) for improving the cycling stability of Li-metal batteries. The s-PIF separator exhibits superior mechanical property, electrolyte adsorption/retention and ion conductivity, and enables dendrite-free Li plating/stripping process.
JOURNAL OF POWER SOURCES
(2024)