Article
Chemistry, Applied
Shusaku Nakajima, Shuhei Horiuchi, Akifumi Ikehata, Yuichi Ogawa
Summary: The study measured the terahertz spectra of native, amorphous, and dried starches derived from corn and potato using the Fourier-transform system and compared them to X-ray diffraction patterns. The results showed differences in terahertz peak intensities between corn and potato starches during drying. X-ray diffraction patterns revealed similar changes in both starches during amorphization and drying. The study concluded that Fourier-transform terahertz spectrometer can be used as a new analytical tool to measure starch crystallinity.
CARBOHYDRATE POLYMERS
(2021)
Article
Construction & Building Technology
Vineet Shah, Allan Scott
Summary: The study demonstrates that magnesium oxide based cements can serve as a promising alternative to Portland cement, and can be produced using calcined kaolinitic clay. The MgO binder shows comparable or better compressive strength and significantly lower porosity compared to systems containing silica fume. The presence of magnesium carbonate further enhances the physical properties of the clay mixes.
CEMENT AND CONCRETE RESEARCH
(2021)
Article
Polymer Science
Xiang Shi, Pierre-Antoine Albouy, Pascale Launois
Summary: This study presents a different view that the evolution of X-ray patterns reflects changes in crystalline texture rather than polymorphism. This enables a quantitative description of X-ray fiber patterns but also highlights some fundamental structural issues.
Article
Polymer Science
Mohamed Fekry, Azza M. Mazrouaa, Manal G. Mohamed, Dalia E. Abulyazied
Summary: The surface mineral modification of montmorillonite layers involved removing exchangeable cations and anions using a chelating agent, resulting in completely exfoliated modified layers in polyethylcyanoacrylate. The removal of salts from the surfaces led to improved thermal stability and mechanical properties of the prepared composites.
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
N. Nithyaa, N. Victor Jaya
Summary: Nd-doped TiO2 nanoparticles of different concentrations were synthesized using a wet chemical route, and their structural, optical, and magnetic properties were examined. The results showed differences in crystal structure and magnetic behavior between Nd-doped TiO2 samples and pure TiO2, demonstrating interesting interactions between the dopant and host lattice.
APPLIED PHYSICS A-MATERIALS SCIENCE & PROCESSING
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Shuo Feng, Rajesh Kumar Singh, Yucheng Fu, Zhuo Li, Yulong Wang, Jie Bao, Zhijie Xu, Guosheng Li, Cassidy Anderson, Lili Shi, Yuehe Lin, Peter G. Khalifah, Wei Wang, Jun Liu, Jie Xiao, Dongping Lu
Summary: In this study, a simple strategy was demonstrated for constructing low-tortuosity through-pores in both vertical and planar directions of electrodes by casting large particles into single-particle-layer electrodes. Through multi-scale characterizations and simulations, correlations between material/electrode structures, electrolyte permeability, polysulfide migration, and sulfur reactions were elucidated. The high-loading and dense sulfur cathode fabricated by this method delivers a high specific capacity at a very low electrolyte/sulfur ratio.
ENERGY & ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Crystallography
Johannes Haufe, Anya Vollpracht, Thomas Matschei
Summary: The study aims to develop a new performance test that considers both the chemical and physical resistance of a specific concrete mix against sulfate attack. Various factors such as binder type, storage temperature, sulfate solution type and concentration, and concrete composition were varied in experimental investigations to define the test parameters, proposing the use of sodium sulfate solution with 6000 mg SO42-/L at 5 degrees C for significantly distinguishable data within nine months of storage.
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
M. Daroonparvar, A. Helmer, A. M. Ralls, A. K. Kasar, M. U. Farooq Khan, P. L. Menezes, M. Misra, S. Shao, R. K. Gupta
Summary: Cold sprayed commercially pure Al-based coatings were applied on Mg-based alloys at different N2 gas temperatures. The porosity percentage of the coatings decreased and the flattening ratio increased as the N2 gas temperature decreased, due to in-situ tamping densification. This resulted in a noticeable reduction in wear rate of the Al-based coatings.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Annur Ahadi Abdillah, Albert Linton Charles
Summary: Future food packaging trends are moving towards natural and eco-friendly materials derived from biopolymers to reduce pollution from synthetic polymers. Blending arrowroot starch and iota-carrageenan can create biodegradable edible films with enhanced properties suitable for food and industrial applications.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL MACROMOLECULES
(2021)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Boyuan Feng, Zhengcheng Li, Feiyu Cheng, Leilei Xu, Tong Liu, Zengli Huang, Fangsen Li, Jiagui Feng, Xiao Chen, Ying Wu, Gaohang He, Sunan Ding
Summary: The growth mechanism and temperature of monoclinic gallium oxide (beta-Ga2O3) films grown by ozone molecular beam epitaxy (MBE) were investigated. It was found that pure-phase beta-Ga2O3 films can be grown on c-plane sapphire substrates at temperatures above 500 degrees C. The proportion of ultraviolet emission in the cathodoluminescence spectra of the films increases with the growth temperature and can be modulated by adjusting the ratio of Ga flux and ozone pressure.
PHYSICA STATUS SOLIDI A-APPLICATIONS AND MATERIALS SCIENCE
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Jennifer Donohue, Steven E. Zeltmann, Karen C. Bustillo, Benjamin Savitzky, Mary Ann Jones, Gregory F. Meyers, Colin Ophus, Andrew M. Minor
Summary: Understanding and visualizing the heterogeneous structure of immiscible semicrystalline polymer systems is crucial for optimizing their morphology and microstructure. In this study, a cryogenic 4D-STEM technique was used to map the distribution of both crystalline and amorphous phases in an iPP/EO multilayer film. The resulting map revealed a sharp interface between the amorphous iPP and EO, indicating their incompatibility and immiscibility.
Article
Construction & Building Technology
Matthias Maier, Ricarda Sposito, Nancy Beuntner, Karl-Christian Thienel
Summary: In this study, the behavior of blended Portland limestone cement during the early hydration was monitored, and the influence of different calcined clays on mineral composition and particle properties was investigated. The results showed that the investigated SCMs influence the clinker reaction through different mechanisms and to varying extents, highlighting the importance of proper sulfation in blended cements.
CEMENT AND CONCRETE RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Optics
P. A. Chate, S. D. Lakde, D. J. Sathe
Summary: Antimony sulphide thin films prepared by the dip method were heat treated up to 473 K, resulting in changes in structural properties, grain size, and optical absorption with increasing annealing temperature. The annealed films exhibited orthorhombic structures and increased crystallinity, grain size, and unit cell volume as the temperature rose. Optical absorption showed an increase in absorptivity, while the electrical conductance, thermoelectrical power, and carrier mobility also increased with heating temperature.
Article
Polymer Science
Cenhui Han, Dong Lyu, Ying Lu, Yongfeng Men
Summary: The study investigated the effect of crystallinity and temperature on the modulus of poly(4-methyl-1-pentene), across a wide temperature range including the glass transition. It was observed that the storage modulus of different samples decreases with increasing crystallinity below the glass transition temperature. The storage modulus of different samples is the same at around 45 degrees C where the densities of the crystalline and amorphous phases are identical. A model considering a parallel arrangement of crystalline skeleton and amorphous network allowed for the decomposition of the measured modulus into moduli of both phases. Additionally, a peculiar positive temperature-dependent apparent crystalline phase modulus below the glass transition temperature was observed, which can be attributed to the strong constraint of the crystalline phase by the denser amorphous network at lower temperatures due to different thermal expansion coefficients of the two phases.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Ndahita De Dios-Avila, Juan Manuel Tirado-Gallegos, Claudio Rios-Velasco, Gregorio Luna-Esquivel, Nestor Isiordia-Aquino, Paul Baruk Zamudio-Flores, Mario Orlando Estrada-Virgen, Octavio Jhonathan Cambero-Campos
Summary: The objective of this study was to obtain and characterize flours and starches from the avocado seeds of Hass and landrace cultivars. The results showed that the flours and starches exhibited interesting physicochemical and functional properties relevant to applications in food systems. These findings are important for the revaluation of this by-product.
