Ethylene polymerization, and the copolymerizations of ethylene with hexene or norbornene with highly active mono(β-enaminoketonato) vanadium(III) catalysts

Five novel vanadium(III) complexes [PhN = C(R-2)CHC(R-1)O]VCl2(THF)(2) (4a: R-1 = Ph, R-2 = CF3; 4b: R-1 =t-Bu, R-2 = CF3; 4c: R-1 = CF3, R-2 = CH3; 4d: R-1 = Ph, R-2 = CH3; 4e: R-1 = Ph, R-2 = H) have been synthesized and characterized. On activation with Et2AlCl, all the complexes, in the presence of ethyl trichloroacetate (ETA) as a promoter, are highly active precatalysts for ethylene polymerization, and produce high molecular weight and linear polymers. Catalyst activities more than 16.8 kg PE/mmolv h bar and weight-average molecular weights higher than 173 kg/ mol were observed under mild conditions. The copolymerizations of ethylene and norbornene or 1-hexene with the precatalysts were also explored, which leads to high molecular weight copolymers with high comonomer incorporation. Catalyst activity, comonomer incorporation, and polymer molecular weight as well as polydispersity index can be controlled over a wide range by the variation of precatalyst structure and the reaction parameters such as Al/V molar ratio, comonomer feed concentration, and polymerization temperature. (C) 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.