Review
Immunology
Abdullah M. Al-Sadi
Summary: Wheat is a top crop globally, but diseases like Bipolaris sorokiniana can cause significant losses. This pathogen attacks all parts of wheat, leading to various diseases and impacting seed quality and yield. Effective management strategies using genetic, chemical, cultural, and biological controls are essential in combating these threats.
FRONTIERS IN CELLULAR AND INFECTION MICROBIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Miyo Yamane, Mihoko Takenoya, Shunsuke Yajima, Masayuki Sue
Summary: This study investigated the unique high accumulation of HCAAs in barley and discovered the crucial role of ACT in regulating the accumulation. The enzymes were categorized into ACT1 and ACT2 groups, with ACT1 showing higher affinity for agmatine. Structural analysis revealed key residues for acyl acceptor binding, providing insights for developing agricultural methods.
Article
Agronomy
John W. G. Addy, Richard H. Ellis, Andy J. Macdonald, Mikhail A. Semenov, Andrew Mead
Summary: Research has found that climate change since the late 19th Century is not only characterized by a long-term increasing trend in annual mean temperature, but also by changes in within-year weather patterns relevant to crop production. The climate patterns in the late 20th and early 21st Century are distinct from those in the early 20th Century, providing clear evidence of changes in the entire weather profile, rather than just warming. This study also shows that crop yield and biomass production are impacted differently by the changing climate, with herbage production being more resilient than cereal crops.
AGRICULTURAL AND FOREST METEOROLOGY
(2021)
Article
Plant Sciences
Andrea Lenyko-Thegze, Attila Fabian, Edit Mihok, Diana Makai, Andras Cseh, Adel Sepsi
Summary: Meiotic recombination, the exchange of genetic information between homologous chromosomes, is crucial for balanced chromosome segregation and genetic diversity. In large genome cereals like wheat and barley, crossovers are often limited to subtelomeric regions, restricting the formation of favorable allele combinations and impacting crop improvement. Understanding the dynamics of chromatin structure during recombination initiation is key to expanding crossover regions and enhancing breeding efficiency.
Article
Agriculture, Multidisciplinary
Katariina Manni, Timo Lotjonen, Arto Huuskonen
Summary: Two consecutive years of experiments were conducted to compare spring triticale, barley, and wheat varieties for whole crop cereal production, showing that all varieties were suitable for whole crop production with similar production costs.
AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD SCIENCE
(2021)
Article
Agronomy
Carolina B. Pereira, Todd J. Ward, Emerson M. Del Ponte, Glaucia Mara Moreira, Mark Busman, Susan P. McCormick, Heraldo R. Feksa, Juliano L. De Almeida, Dauri J. Tessmann
Summary: The study conducted in barley and wheat fields in Parana state, Brazil, identified different Fusarium species, confirmed the dominance of the Fusarium graminearum species complex in fusarium head blight, and observed significant variation in pathogen composition across years.
Review
Microbiology
Emma Dutilloy, Feyisara Eyiwumi Oni, Qassim Esmaeel, Christophe Clement, Essaid Ait Barka
Summary: This review discusses the application of beneficial bacteria in controlling wheat and barley pathogens and explores the mechanisms involved. The study finds that Bacillus and Pseudomonas strains can reduce the incidence of diseases in wheat and barley. However, there are challenges in translating these research findings into commercial products and applications.
Article
Agricultural Engineering
Piotr Stefanski, Patrycja Siedlarz-Slowacka, Przemyslaw Matysik, Krystyna Rybka
Summary: This study compared different types of LED lamps with traditional lamps and explored the lighting requirements of different cereal crop species. The results showed that the physical properties and spectrum composition of LED lamps affected power consumption and plant growth. Different cereal crop species had varying sensitivity to light, and a specific type of LED lamp was found to be the most suitable for the studied species.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND BIOLOGICAL ENGINEERING
(2022)
Article
Plant Sciences
Valentina Serra, Giancarlo Salvatori, Grazia Pastorelli
Summary: Increasing consumption of cereals has been associated with reduced risk of chronic diseases due to the phytochemicals they contain. However, contamination of cereals by emerging mycotoxins like BEA and ENs is a global health concern that needs more scientific attention. This study found that barley has the highest total antioxidant capacity compared to wheat and corn, and further research with larger sample sizes is needed to confirm these results and investigate the toxic effects of these mycotoxins on animals and humans.
Article
Agronomy
Martin Weih, Alison J. Karley, Adrian C. Newton, Lars P. Kiaer, Christoph Scherber, Diego Rubiales, Eveline Adam, James Ajal, Jana Brandmeier, Silvia Pappagallo, Angel Villegas-Fernandez, Moritz Reckling, Stefano Tavoletti
Summary: The study in seven experimental fields across Europe showed that intercropping of multiple crop species can increase average yield, but the stability of intercrop yield is not necessarily higher than sole crop yield at most locations, except one. Yield stability significantly increases with increasing mean yields, which should be considered in designing intercropping systems.
Article
Agronomy
D. E. Becheran, D. J. Miralles, L. G. Abeledo, S. Alvarez Prado, R. P. de San Celedonio
Summary: Waterlogging has a negative impact on mean grain weight in wheat and barley, especially during the period prior to anthesis. Increasing the source-sink ratio can mitigate the reduction in mean grain weight caused by waterlogging, showing a positive effect in both wheat and barley.
JOURNAL OF AGRONOMY AND CROP SCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Applied
Elzbieta Suchowilska, Wolfgang Kandler, Marian Wiwart, Rudolf Krska
Summary: Tritordeum grain has lower thousand kernel weight and ash content compared to durum wheat and barley, but it contains higher levels of potassium, magnesium, copper, zinc, and cobalt.
JOURNAL OF FOOD COMPOSITION AND ANALYSIS
(2023)
Article
Plant Sciences
E. Dubas, A. M. Castillo, I. Zur, M. Krzewska, M. P. Valles
Summary: The study found that mannitol and n-butanol treatments led to fragmentation and stabilization of microtubules, promoting microspore embryogenesis in wheat. During the treatments, microspores exhibited complex MT reorganization, especially with the formation of MT aggregates in the perinuclear region, aiding in the induction of microspore embryogenesis.
Article
Plant Sciences
Sebastian Zahn, Thomas Schmutzer, Klaus Pillen, Andreas Maurer
Summary: This study investigated the genetic control of barley peduncle morphology and identified three major QTL regions on chromosomes 2H and 3H impacting peduncle traits. The exotic allele at the QTL on chromosome 3H improved all three investigated traits, showing potential for enhancing plant stability and straw biomass production.
Article
Agronomy
Maria Ciudad-Mulero, Maria Cruz Matallana-Gonzalez, Maria Jesus Callejo, Jose M. Carrillo, Patricia Morales, Virginia Fernandez-Ruiz
Summary: This study evaluated the mineral composition of different wheat varieties, finding higher concentrations of minerals in bran and whole grain flour, especially potassium and magnesium. The results suggest that some samples meet the conditions for approved health claims, potentially supporting the classification of wheat flour as functional foods.
Article
Chemistry, Organic
Ebrahim Saeedian Moghadam, Abdullah Mohammed Al-Sadi, Meysam Talebi, Massoud Amanlou, Mohsen Amini, Raid Abdel-Jalil
Summary: In this study, a series of novel 2-aryl benzimidazole derivatives were synthesized and their potent urease inhibition activity was tested. Compounds 8m, 8n, and 8o showed the best activity and the possible mode of interactions were investigated through docking study. Furthermore, the compounds displayed low cytotoxicity in cell lines.
POLYCYCLIC AROMATIC COMPOUNDS
(2023)
Article
Plant Sciences
Safaa Mohammed Al-Farsi, Abdullah M. Al-Sadi, Aman Ullah, Muhammad Farooq
Summary: This study evaluated the response of two contrasting alfalfa genotypes to salt stress. Results showed that salt stress significantly reduced alfalfa growth, with NaCl having the greatest effect. The genotype OMA-285 exhibited better tolerance to salt stress, possibly due to lower accumulation of Na+ and Cl- ions, higher K+/Na+ ratio, and improved photosynthetic activities. The tested genotypes were more sensitive to Na+ toxicity than Cl- toxicity, and differed in tolerance to high Na+ and Cl- levels.
JOURNAL OF PLANT GROWTH REGULATION
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Arwa Al-Owaisi, Abdullah Mohammed Al-Sadi, Jamal Nasser Al-Sabahi, S. P. Sathish Babu, Majida Mohammed Ali Al-Harrasi, Issa Hashil Al-Mahmooli, Raid Abdel-Jalil, Rethinasamy Velazhahan
Summary: Aflatoxin contamination is a global food safety concern. In this study, aqueous extracts of 13 medicinal herbs were evaluated for their ability to detoxify aflatoxin B1 (AFB1), with extracts from Hybanthus enneaspermus, Eclipta prostrata, and Centella asiatica showing significant detoxification effects.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Elham Ahmed Kazerooni, Sajeewa S. N. Maharachchikumbura, Abdullah Mohammed Al-Sadi, Umer Rashid, Il-Doo Kim, Sang-Mo Kang, In-Jung Lee
Summary: This study examined the efficiency of the fungal strain Cunninghamella bertholletiae in reducing symptoms of salinity, drought, and heavy metal stresses in tomato plants. The results showed that this fungal strain enhanced plant biomass and growth under stressed conditions and modulated the physiological and biochemical mechanisms of plants. It also regulated the expression of related genes. Therefore, Cunninghamella bertholletiae has the potential to be used as a biofertilizer to reduce plant damage and improve crop endurance under stress conditions.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Mycology
Shah Hussain, Moza Al-Kharousi, Marwa A. Al-Muharabi, Dua'a Al-Maqbali, Zahra Al-Shabibi, Abdullah H. Al-Balushi, Mohamed N. Al-Yahya'ei, Nadiya Al Saady, Raid Abdel-Jalil, Rethinasamy Velazhahan, Abdullah M. Al-Sadi
Summary: This study analyzed Agaricus specimens from southern Oman, identifying a new section Catenulati represented by a new species Agaricus arabiensis, which resolved the classification issue of A. lannaensis.
MYCOLOGICAL PROGRESS
(2022)
Article
Plant Sciences
Buthaina Aamir Ali Al-Rahbi, Abdullah Mohammed Al-Sadi, Majida Mohammed Ali Al-Harrasi, Jamal Nasser Al-Sabahi, Issa Hashil Al-Mahmooli, Daniel Blackburn, Rethinasamy Velazhahan
Summary: In this study, endophytic and rhizospheric bacteria from two species of Moringa from Oman were isolated and tested for their antagonistic activity against Pythium aphanidermatum. The most promising strain, Bacillus pumilus MPE1, showed the highest antagonistic activity. These bacteria induced morphological abnormalities in the hyphae of P. aphanidermatum and released volatile organic compounds that restricted its growth. One strain, Pseudomonas indica MOR8, was capable of forming biofilm, improving its efficacy as a rhizosphere inoculant. The soil treatment with B. pumilus MPE1 showed the highest reduction in the incidence of P. aphanidermatum damping-off in cabbage. Further research is needed to characterize B. pumilus MPE1 and its potential against other soil-borne plant pathogens.
Article
Agronomy
Aman Ullah, Abdullah M. Al-Sadi, Muhammad Farooq
Summary: This study evaluated the response of different bread wheat genotypes to drought stress based on physiological and morphological factors. Fifty-three genotypes of diverse origin and morphology were grown under well-watered and drought stress conditions. The tested genotypes showed significant variation in physiological and morphological traits under drought stress. The genotypes exhibited increased water use efficiency and improved drought tolerance, as indicated by higher intercellular CO2 concentration. Certain genotypes also showed less reduction in seedling dry weight under drought stress. The findings can be utilized in breeding programs to develop drought-tolerant bread wheat genotypes.
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Ebrahim Saeedian Moghadam, Abdullah Mohammed Al-Sadi, Thuraya Al-Harthy, Mohammad Ali Faramarzi, Musa Shongwe, Mohsen Amini, Raid Abdel-Jalil
Summary: Diabetes, a chronic metabolic disorder, is a global health concern. In this study, a series of piperazin-1-yl benzimidazole-2-carbamates derivatives were synthesized and evaluated for their potential as α-glucosidase inhibitors. Among them, 7d-1 and 7f-2 showed the highest inhibitory activity with IC50 values of 118 and 155 μM, respectively. Kinetic studies revealed that 7d-1 is a competitive inhibitor of α-glucosidase. Molecular docking analysis provided insights into the binding interactions between these bioactive organic molecules and the amino acid residues at the active site of the enzyme.
JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR STRUCTURE
(2023)
Article
Entomology
Salem S. S. Al-Nabhani, Rethinasamy Velazhahan, Shah Hussain, Suad Al-Raqmi, Maryam Al-Hashmi, Abdullah M. M. Al-Sadi
Summary: Insect infestation can lead to direct injury to agricultural crops and also indirect transmission of various infections. This study found that dubas bug infestation in date palm leaves facilitated the infection of several fungal species. Future research should focus on managing dubas bug infestations to prevent the development of other diseases.
Article
Entomology
Muhammad Shafiq Shahid, Jorge R. Paredes-Montero, Muhammad Ashfaq, Abdullah M. Al-Sadi, Judith K. Brown
Summary: The prevalence and relationships between putative native and exotic begomoviruses and the North Africa-Middle East haplotypes of B. tabaci were investigated in Oman. The study found close associations between various begomoviral species and the B. tabaci insect pest in the region. The results suggest that irrigated agriculture and global trade have facilitated the diversification and spread of begomoviruses.
Article
Agronomy
Dhuha Sulaiman Salim Al-Daghari, Abdullah Mohammed Al-Sadi, Issa Hashil Al-Mahmooli, Rhonda Janke, Rethinasamy Velazhahan
Summary: Soil biofumigation, the practice of incorporating fresh plant materials from the Brassicaceae family into the soil, is widely used to manage soil-borne diseases in vegetable crops. However, the antimicrobial volatile organic compounds (VOCs) released during soil biofumigation may harm non-target beneficial soil organisms, including microbial biocontrol agents (MBAs). In this study, native antagonistic rhizobacteria were isolated from cabbage plants grown in biofumigated fields and their potential in managing cucumber damping-off was evaluated. Evaluation showed that some of the isolated bacteria had inhibitory activity against the pathogen. However, combining biofumigation with bacterial application did not improve disease control. Rating: 7/10.
Article
Microbiology
Bianca Rodrigues Jardim, Lucy T. T. Tran-Nguyen, Cherie Gambley, Abdullah M. Al-Sadi, Ali M. Al-Subhi, Xavier Foissac, Pascal Salar, Hong Cai, Jun-Yi Yang, Richard Davis, Lynne Jones, Brendan Rodoni, Fiona E. Constable
Summary: Eight distinct species within the 16SrII group were identified using whole genome sequences, with six of them being newly described. These species have distinct biological and ecological features that can be differentiated by their ANI and AAI values. Additionally, the 16SrXXV- A taxon was classified as a new phytoplasma species.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF SYSTEMATIC AND EVOLUTIONARY MICROBIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Agronomy
Hilal S. Alshamakhi, Abdullah M. Al-Sadi, Lyn G. Cook
Summary: There is a moderate degree of specificity in the symbiotic association between fungus-gardening termites Macrotermes and their fungal symbiont, but not a one-to-one association. Termitomyces in Oman is most closely related to the symbiont of M. subhyalinus in West Africa rather than to those of geographically closer populations in East Africa.
Article
Microbiology
Badriya Khalfan Al-Shuaibi, Elham Ahmed Kazerooni, Shah Hussain, Rethinasamy Velazhahan, Abdullah Mohammed Al-Sadi
Summary: This study found that certain strains of endophytic and rhizospheric bacteria from Citrullus colocynthis can suppress Fusarium solani and Pythium aphanidermatum and promote the growth of cucumber. These bacterial strains were also found to produce high levels of IAA, which positively affected the germination and growth of cucumber seedlings.
Article
Plant Sciences
Ahad Al-Rashdi, Fatma Sulaiman Al-Hinai, Majida Mohammed Ali Al-Harrasi, Jamal Nasser Al-Sabahi, Rahil Said Al-Badi, Issa Hashil Al-Mahmooli, Abdullah Mohammed Al-Sadi, Rethinasamy Velazhahan
Summary: The biocontrol efficacy of endophytic and rhizospheric bacteria from Prosopis cineraria, a halophyte, was evaluated against cucumber damping-off caused by Pythium aphanidermatum. The results showed that Pseudomonas putida, Acinetobacter johnsonii, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Pseudomonas mosselii isolated from P. cineraria exhibited inhibitory effects on the growth of P. aphanidermatum. Among them, P. aeruginosa PC5 showed the highest mycelial growth inhibition and produced volatile compounds that significantly inhibited P. aphanidermatum growth. A. johnsonii PC3 showed the highest biocontrol efficacy under saline water irrigation.
JOURNAL OF PLANT PATHOLOGY
(2023)
