Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
Tsuneo Suzuki
Summary: Non-Abelian gauge fields with a line-singularity of the Dirac type violate the non-Abelian Bianchi identity. This violation is equivalent to the violation of Abelian-like Bianchi identities corresponding to eight Abelian-like conserved magnetic monopole currents of the Dirac type in SU(3) QCD. The study investigates if these new Abelian-like monopoles are responsible for color confinement in the continuum SU(3) QCD.
Article
Nanoscience & Nanotechnology
Andrea Vogliardi, Gianluca Ruffato, Daniele Bonaldo, Simone Dal Zilio, Filippo Romanato
Summary: In this study, a new type of double-ring perfect vector beams, called double-ring perfect vortices, is compactly generated using dual-functional silicon metaoptics. The beams have vector properties with the possibility of selecting different topological charges between the two rings. They show promising applications in optical tweezing, manipulation of low refractive-index particles, trapping of cold atoms, and high-capacity communications.
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
Long-Qi Shao, Yong-Liang Ma
Summary: In this study, dense compact star matter is investigated using the skyrmion crystal approach with a chiral effective theory that includes scalar and vector mesons as well as pions. The results show constraints on the anomalous dimension of the gluon field and the significance of scale symmetry breaking. The conformal limits on the speed of sound and the polytropic index are satisfied, but they cannot be used to determine the onset of quark matter.
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
Yannick Meurice
Summary: The article introduces the lattice compact Abelian Higgs model and quantum simulation using a ladder-shaped optical lattice in 1 + 1 dimensions. By building local Hilbert spaces with Rydberg atoms, the concept of ladder-shaped configurable arrays is proposed. Concrete proposals involving two and three atoms for constructing spin-1 spaces and analytical tools for design and building are discussed.
Article
Optics
Rodney E. S. Polkinghorne, Tapio P. Simula
Summary: This study investigates rotating finite-size vortex arrays in Bose-Einstein condensates confined by cylindrically symmetric external potentials, demonstrating the presence of two Nambu-Goldstone zero modes associated with spontaneously broken continuous symmetries. The analytical results were verified through direct numerical diagonalizations of the Bogoliubov-de Gennes equations, and comparisons were made between rotating vortex lattices in superfluids, supersolids, and discrete time crystals.
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
D. Fiorentini, D. R. Junior, L. E. Oxman, G. M. Simoes, R. F. Sobreiro
Summary: Based on a new procedure, it is argued that Singer's theorem suggests the existence of a Yang-Mills ensemble, with gauge fields mapped into an auxiliary field space to determine sectors labeled by center vortices. The study provides examples of configurations belonging to different sectors, discusses the importance of non-Abelian degrees of freedom, and shows that the examples are free from Gribov copies.
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Pranay Gorantla, Ho Tat Lam, Nathan Seiberg, Shu-Heng Shao
Summary: The (2+1)-dimensional continuum Lifshitz theory of a free compact scalar field has important applications in quantum systems. This study investigates two lattice regularizations of the theory and discovers their different properties, including global symmetries and anomalies. The article also presents the lattice realization of fracton and lineon-elasticity dualities for the Lifshitz theory and scalar and vector charge gauge theories.
Article
Biochemical Research Methods
Johan Nystrom-Persson, Gabriel Keeble-Gagnere, Niamat Zawad
Summary: In this study, a distributed k-mer counting tool called Discount was introduced based on Apache Spark. By investigating the behavior of different Minimizer ordering methods in practice, a universal frequency ordering was introduced, which achieved evenly distributed binning and small bin sizes. This new approach significantly improved efficiency in distributed k-mer counting compared to existing methods.
Article
Mathematics, Applied
Willian Isao Tokura, Elismar Dias Batista
Summary: The paper demonstrates that any compact gradient k-Yamabe soliton must have constant sigma(k)-curvature, and provides a specific condition for a compact k-Yamabe soliton to be gradient.
JOURNAL OF MATHEMATICAL ANALYSIS AND APPLICATIONS
(2021)
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
V. Sauli
Summary: In this study, we have determined the gluonic spectral function in SU(3) Yang-Mills theory and found a novel solution for the fermionic spectral function in strong quenched QED. Our developed technique provides solutions with branch cuts for propagators and does not show any pole structure at the first Riemann sheet of the complex square of momentum. Implications and further utilization for QCD and Standard model calculations are briefly discussed.
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
James C. Biddle, Waseem Kamleh, Derek B. Leinweber
Summary: The presence of dynamical fermions alters the behavior of the center vortex propagator and shows signs of positivity violation. Removing the vortices subsequently restores positivity, demonstrating the crucial role center vortices play in the confinement of gluons.
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
Juan Garrido-Deutelmoser, Cristobal Petrovich, Leonardo Krapp, Kaitlin M. Kratter, Ruobing Dong
Summary: The substructures observed in protoplanetary disks may be the signposts of embedded planets carving gaps or creating vortices. Compact systems composed of Neptune-like planets can create long-lived vortices inside density gaps. Two-planet systems are more likely to preserve vortices for a longer period of time compared to single-planet systems. The interaction of spiral density waves launched by neighboring planets is crucial in sustaining the long lifetimes of these vortices.
ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL
(2022)
Article
Physics, Multidisciplinary
F. C. E. Lima, C. A. S. Almeida
Summary: The study presents a generalized Maxwell-Higgs model in an (3 + 1) isotropic spacetime, with stationary solutions obtained using the BPS approach in curved spacetime. Compact-like vortices are investigated through a particular choice for the generalization term. The model is influenced by a potential driven by a single real parameter, allowing changes in vortex solutions profile as they approach their bound values.
Article
Physics, Particles & Fields
Darren T. T. Grasso, Sergei M. M. Kuzenko, Joshua R. R. Pinelli
Summary: We study a system of n Abelian vector fields coupled to complex scalars parametrising the Hermitian symmetric space Sp(2n, R)/U(n). The model is Weyl invariant and possesses the maximal non-compact duality group Sp(2n, R). We calculate the induced action obtained by integrating out the vector fields and prove its Weyl and Sp(2n, R) invariance. The resulting conformal higher derivative sigma-model on Sp(2n, R)/U(n) can be generalized to other spaces and exhibits a Weyl anomaly satisfying the Wess-Zumino consistency condition.
EUROPEAN PHYSICAL JOURNAL C
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Philip A. Thomas, Kishan S. Menghrajani, William L. Barnes
Summary: The authors demonstrate that phase singularities can be created and controlled, all optically, in a simple thin film of organic molecules using cavity-free strong light-matter coupling. This finding not only opens up new possibilities for the application of strong light-matter coupling, but also provides a new, simplified, and more versatile means of manipulating phase singularities.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2022)
Article
Physics, Particles & Fields
F. M. Hahne, P. Klimas
Summary: We study the interaction of compact kinks with compact oscillons in models with non-analytic potentials. Oscillon-like excitations are the main components of the radiation field. We investigate the scattering problem involving topological compact kinks and non-topological oscillons, as well as the propagation of small perturbation within the kink bulk.
JOURNAL OF HIGH ENERGY PHYSICS
(2022)
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
C. Adam, K. Oles, T. Romanczukiewicz, A. Wereszczynski
Summary: We find that the canonical moduli space for different solitonic processes can have a boundary that can be reached within a finite time evolution. We demonstrate that this boundary is not a failure of the moduli space approach, but rather has a physical significance. In our example, it represents the complete annihilation of a colliding kink and antikink after a finite time. We also discover that the solutions near the boundary exhibit an approximate self-similar form.
Article
Physics, Particles & Fields
J. G. F. Campos, A. Mohammadi, J. M. Queiruga, A. Wereszczynski, W. J. Zakrzewski
Summary: We demonstrate the existence of a spectral wall in the dynamics of a bosonic soliton, resulting from the transition of a normal mode to the continuum spectrum after coupling the original bosonic model to fermions. This spectral wall is experienced when either the boson or fermion field is in an excited state. Additionally, when crossing the spectral wall, an incoming kink-fermion bound state can separate into a pure bosonic kink that continues moving to spatial infinity and a fermionic cloud that spreads in the region before the wall.
JOURNAL OF HIGH ENERGY PHYSICS
(2023)
Review
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Christoph Adam, Alberto Garcia Martin-Caro, Miguel Huidobro, Andrzej Wereszczynski
Summary: This article presents a general review of the crystalline solutions of the generalized Skyrme model and their applications in the study of cold nuclear matter at finite density and the Equation of State (EOS) of neutron stars. It is shown that the ground state of the Skyrme model on the three torus corresponds to configurations with different symmetries, and phase transitions between these configurations occur. The effects of nonzero finite isospin asymmetry and strange degrees of freedom are also explored, and an approximate EOS of dense matter is constructed by fitting the free parameters of the model to relevant nuclear observables close to saturation density.
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
Christoph Adam, Alberto Garcia Martin-Caro, Miguel Huidobro, Andrzej Wereszczynski, Ricardo Vazquez
Summary: In this study, we investigate the possibility of a charged kaon condensate in neutron star cores using a generalized Skyrme model. We employ the bound state approach by Callan and Klebanov to obtain an effective potential for the s-wave kaon condensate in the medium. We predict the onset of kaon condensation at a certain threshold density, which depends on the model parameters and ranges between 1.5 and 2.5 times saturation density. We also calculate the particle fractions and equation of state for dense matter in the phase with kaon condensation, and discuss the impact of such condensates on the mass-radius curves and observable properties of neutron stars with kaon condensed cores.
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
Christoph Adam, Alberto Garcia Martin-Caro, Miguel Huidobro, Ricardo Vazquez, Andrzej Wereszczynski
Summary: The canonical quantization method for collective coordinates in crystalline configurations of the generalized Skyrme model is used to find the quantum ground state of skyrmion crystals and study the quantum corrections to the binding energy resulting from the isospin degrees of freedom. This allows for a consistent description of asymmetric nuclear matter within the Skyrme framework.
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
Christoph Adam, Jorge Castelo, Alberto Garcia Martin-Caro, Miguel Huidobro, Ricardo Vazquez, Andrzej Wereszczynski
Summary: In this work, a universal relation among the moment of inertia, angular momentum, and quadrupole moment of rotating boson stars is discovered, which differs from the relation found in neutron stars. This provides a diagnostic tool to distinguish boson stars from other celestial bodies.
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
Christoph Adam, Alberto Garcia Martin-Caro, Miguel Huidobro, Ricardo Vazquez, Andrzej Wereszczynski
Summary: In this work, different crystalline phases and phase transitions between them are analyzed within the generalized Skyrme model, aiming to improve the description of symmetric nuclear matter in both low and high density regimes.
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
P. Klimas, N. Sawado, S. Yanai
Summary: This paper analyzes nodal, excited compactons in CPN models with V-shaped potentials. The results show that these solutions exist as compact Q-balls and Q-shells, with a discontinuity in the second derivative due to the potential's character. However, their energy and charge densities are continuous. The excited Q-balls and Q-shells are analyzed as electrically neutral and electrically charged objects.
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
Jarah Evslin, Chris Halcrow, Tomasz Romanczukiewicz, Andrzej Wereszczynski
Summary: This paper investigates the behavior of spectral walls in a quantum theory. The study finds that the antikinks can be influenced by the spectral wall even when the bound mode is not excited. However, the classical effects of the spectral wall are not observed in our quantum calculation.
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
C. Adam, N. S. Manton, K. Oles, T. Romanczukiewicz, A. Wereszczynski
Summary: The paper presents a perturbative approach to the relativistic moduli space by expanding the Derrick scaling parameter and treating higher-order Derrick modes as new degrees of freedom. This approach systematically incorporates relativistic corrections in kink scattering and provides an accurate description of kink-antikink collisions and the fractal structure in the formation of the final state in phi(4) field theory.
