Article
Engineering, Environmental
Zuochao Wang, Huan Zhao, Jiao Liu, Dan Zhang, Xueke Wu, Nanzhu Nie, Di Wu, Wenxia Xu, Jianping Lai, Lei Wang
Summary: Controlled synthesis of high activity, selectivity and durable electrocatalysts is of great significance. In this study, ultrathin interstitial metallene with controlled vacancies and lattice hydrogen atoms is successfully obtained for the first time. The interstitial VPd-PdH0.41 metallene exhibits excellent nitrogen reduction activity in Li2SO4 solution, showing promising performance for low overpotential nitrogen reduction.
CHEMICAL ENGINEERING JOURNAL
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Takeru Iwahori, Ayana Mizuno, Atsushi Ono, Yoichi Uehara, Satoshi Katano
Summary: The investigation focused on the thermally and photoinduced structural and chemical changes of a polyvinylpyrrolidone-covered silver nanocube array on Au(111). Results showed that annealing the AgNCs led to rounded corners, decreased height, and lateral expansion, while PVP decomposed into nanocarbons and was eliminated from the gap between AgNCs. Further annealing caused decreases in Raman signal intensity and AgNC height due to sintering. The photochemical transformation of PVP to nanocarbons without affecting the AgNCs was also confirmed under intense laser irradiation.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Ilya Kuprov, David Wilkowski, Nikolay Zheludev
Summary: It is commonly believed that electromagnetic spectra of atoms and molecules can be fully described by interactions involving electric and magnetic multipoles. However, recent studies have shown that interactions between light and matter also involve toroidal multipoles. This study explores the feasibility of a previously unexplored type of spectroscopy involving toroidal dipolar interactions, which have been largely neglected. The results show that considering the spin-dependent term in relativistic quantum mechanics allows for the distinction of toroidal dipole transitions from electric multipole and magnetic dipole transitions.
Article
Materials Science, Ceramics
Zhuo Xing, Chi Ma, Juhai Weng
Summary: Dense LiCuVO4 ceramics with promising microwave dielectric properties were fabricated, and the temperature stability of the resonance frequency was improved by adding TiO2.
CERAMICS INTERNATIONAL
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Serkan Koylan, Sensu Tunca, Gokhan Polat, Mete Batuhan Durukan, Dongkwan Kim, Yunus Eren Kalay, Seung Hwan Ko, Husnu Emrah Unalan
Summary: A solution-based strategy was developed to deposit a thin platinum (Pt) shell layer onto silver nanowires (Ag NWs) to improve their chemical, environmental, and electrochemical stabilities. The core-shell NW networks showed superior stability under different conditions compared to bare Ag NWs, with a broadened potential window for electrochemical stability. Additionally, Ag-Pt core-shell NWs exhibited high sensitivity in hydrogen peroxide detection with a low detection limit.
Article
Chemistry, Physical
N. A. Bulychev
Summary: In this study, a low-temperature plasma initiated in liquid media between electrodes was found to be effective in decomposing organic molecules containing hydrogen to produce gaseous hydrogen and electrode material nanoparticles. Optical spectroscopy was used to confirm the formation of atomic hydrogen and study plasma characteristics. The quantity of gas mixture and nanosized products formed during the decomposition of organic liquids was highly dependent on the discharge current and volume of discharge.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF HYDROGEN ENERGY
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Li Zhang, Ximiao Wang, Huanjun Chen, Chuan Liu, Shaozhi Deng
Summary: The study demonstrates the potential applications of nano-gap structures for signal generation and sensitive chemical sensing at the nanoscale. Arranging the nano-gaps into arrays can improve the signal intensity.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Na Li, Zhen Zhen, Rujing Zhang, Zhenhua Xu, Zhen Zheng, Limin He
Summary: In this study, the nucleation and grain growth of graphene on copper substrate through RF-PECVD at different temperatures were investigated. Results showed that higher temperature facilitated the growth of polycrystalline graphene grains, while lower temperature induced the formation of nanocrystalline grains.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Dario Bressanini
Summary: Two new positronic molecules have been discovered, stabilized by a new type of bond called the positronic bond. One of the molecules can also attach an additional positron, forming a stable species with three positrons.
JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL PHYSICS
(2022)
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Bingqing Zhu, Mengyuan Xia, Zhenfeng Ding, Xiaoyi Rong, Xuefeng Mei
Summary: This study proposes an effective solution to the high hygroscopicity and poor stability of hydroxytyrosol (HT) through co-crystallization. The co-crystals of HT exhibit an increased melting point and significantly reduced hygroscopicity, making them solid at room temperature. Compared to pure HT, olive extract, and HT encapsulation material, HT co-crystals with betaine and nicotinamide demonstrate superior chemical stability.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHARMACEUTICS
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Anita Schneiker, Sandor Gobi, Prasad Ramesh Joshi, Gabor Bazso, Yuan-Pern Lee, Gyorgy Tarczay
Summary: The reaction of H atoms with glycine at 3.1 K in para-H-2 was studied, leading to the formation of C-a-glycyl radical with high selectivity. The radical is sensitive to UV light and can decompose into iminoacetic acid and H atom. This suggests that a-amino acids can be formed from glycine via the C-a-glycyl radical in non-energetic mechanisms in the solid phase of the interstellar medium.
JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY LETTERS
(2021)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Zhengxiong Su, Jun Ding, Miao Song, Li Jiang, Tan Shi, Zhiming Li, Sheng Wang, Fei Gao, Di Yun, En Ma, Chenyang Lu
Summary: In this study, carbon and nitrogen were introduced into the NiCoFeCrMn high-entropy alloy to create chemical heterogeneities, resulting in reduced void swelling. The findings suggest that alloying with interstitial elements can improve radiation tolerance in high-entropy alloys.
Review
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Gaopeng Wang, Jixiang Dai, Minghong Yang
Summary: Optical fiber hydrogen sensors have gained attention for their intrinsic safety features, with various types proposed over the past three decades. This review focuses on five representative types of hydrogen sensors based on Pd alloy or WO3 sensitive materials, critically examining their structures, characteristics, and sensing performances.
IEEE SENSORS JOURNAL
(2021)
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
A. S. Bhosale, K. K. Abitkar, P. S. Sadalage, K. D. Pawar, K. M. Garadkar
Summary: ZnO nanoparticles were successfully synthesized in this study, with unique structural and optical properties characterized. The nanoparticles showed excellent photocatalytic performance when calcined at 400 degrees Celsius under UV-Vis light, as well as strong antibacterial activity against certain bacterial strains.
JOURNAL OF MATERIALS SCIENCE-MATERIALS IN ELECTRONICS
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Syed Asim Ali, Tokeer Ahmad
Summary: In the past two decades, environmental issues caused by human activities for development have become more prominent. Ignoring climate change and the stagnant approach of major oil industries have resulted in the melting of glaciers and the shrinking of mountain peaks. The imbalance in natural resources is leading to various crises that can affect livelihoods. Photocatalysis, particularly using transition metal chalcogenides (TMCs), is considered a simple and sustainable technique to generate energy and degrade pollutants. Among TMCs, molybdenum chalcogenides nanostructures show exceptional properties and promise in efficient hydrogen production and dye degradation through photocatalytic water splitting. This review discusses the applications of Mo-based chalcogenides nanostructures in hydrogen production and dye degradation, as well as the progress made in enhancing their photocatalytic activity.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF HYDROGEN ENERGY
(2022)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Piera Bosso, Regina Del Sole, Antonella Milella, Paolo Mengucci, Gianni Barucca, Vincenza Armenise, Giuseppe Valerio Bianco, Francesco Fracassi, Fabio Palumbo
Summary: Nanostructured iron oxide coatings have been successfully prepared by plasma sputtering, showing good photocatalytic activity for solar photo-Fenton reaction as supported catalysts. The phase composition and surface nanostructure of the coatings play crucial roles in their photocatalytic performance, and bilayer samples without thermal annealing exhibit the best result. Additionally, the proposed method for catalyst preparation is simple and reusable.
Article
Optics
Daniel Repp, Angela Barreda, Francesco Vitale, Isabelle Staude, Ulf Peschel, Carsten Ronning, Thomas Pertsch
Summary: Semiconductor nanowire lasers can have their lasing threshold modified by their environment, and using metallic substrates can access low-volume Surface-Plasmon-Polariton (SPP) modes and describe mode competition in nanowire lasers. The study found that an aluminum substrate decreases the lasing threshold for ZnO nanowire lasers, while a silver substrate increases the threshold compared to a dielectric substrate. These findings allow for predictions about the interaction between planar metals and semiconductor nanowires, guiding future improvements in highly-integrated laser sources.
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Chengjun Zou, Purushottam Poudel, Sarah L. Walden, Katsuya Tanaka, Alexander Minovich, Thomas Pertsch, Felix H. Schacher, Isabelle Staude
Summary: Tunability is crucial for practical applications of high-efficiency metasurface-based nanophotonic devices and systems. The research in this area has made significant progress in terms of tuning mechanisms, speed, and active functionalities. However, most of the demonstrated works are based on a single type of physical stimulus, which limits the modulation range and design options of the metadevices. This article experimentally demonstrates that multi-responsive metasurfaces can be achieved by combining asymmetric, highly resonant metasurfaces with multi-responsive polymeric materials, providing new design freedom for multifunctional metadevices.
ADVANCED OPTICAL MATERIALS
(2023)
Article
Optics
Valerio Flavio Gili, Dupish Dupish, Andres Vega, Massimo Gandola, Enrico Manuzzato, Matteo Perenzoni, Leonardo Gasparini, Thomas Pertsch, Frank Setzpfandt
Summary: Quantum ghost imaging (QGI) is an imaging protocol that exploits photon-pair correlations from spontaneous parametric down-conversion (SPDC). In this study, a two-dimensional single-photon avalanche diode (SPAD) array detector is used for spatially resolving the path in QGI implementation. By utilizing non-degenerate SPDC, samples can be investigated at infrared wavelengths without the need for SWIR cameras, while spatial detection can still be performed in the visible region using silicon-based technology. These findings advance QGI schemes for practical applications.
Article
Physics, Applied
F. Vitale, D. Repp, T. Siefke, U. Zeitner, U. Peschel, T. Pertsch, C. Ronning
Summary: In this study, a mode selection scheme based on distributed feedback was proposed to achieve quasi-single mode lasing action in plasmonic nanowires. The orientation of the nanowire on the grating was found to affect the emission spectrum, with an additional peak emerging when the nano-cavity was perpendicular to the ridge direction. This peak was attributed to a hybrid mode dominating the mode competition and supported by localized plasmon polaritons on the metal grating ridges.
APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS
(2023)
Article
Materials Science, Biomaterials
Fabio Vischio, Livianna Carrieri, Giuseppe Valerio Bianco, Francesca Petronella, Nicoletta Depalo, Elisabetta Fanizza, Maria Principia Scavo, Luciano De Sio, Antonella Calogero, Marinella Striccoli, Angela Agostiano, Gianluigi Giannelli, Maria Lucia Curri, Chiara Ingrosso
Summary: A novel hybrid nanocomposite comprising carboxylated Nano Graphene Oxide (c-NGO) and monodisperse citrate-coated Au nanoparticles (c-NGO/Au NPs) is synthesized and characterized for photothermal applications. The study investigates the factors influencing the decoration of c-NGO with Au NPs and provides insights into the synthesis mechanism. The c-NGO/Au NPs composite demonstrates a higher coating density and size dispersion compared to existing systems. The composite exhibits enhanced photothermal properties and shows compatibility for photothermal therapy based on in vitro cell viability tests.
BIOMATERIALS ADVANCES
(2023)
Article
Optics
A. L. E. X. A. N. D. E. R. Ebner, M. A. R. K. U. S. Brunner, K. U. R. T. Hingerl, M. A. R. K. U. S. Brandstetter
Summary: The recent introduction of quantum cascade lasers (QCL) in infrared spectroscopic ellipsometry has significantly improved measurement times and signal-to-noise ratios, leading to the development of the first diffraction-limited micro-ellipsometry setup in the mid-infrared spectral range with a spatial resolution below 13.3 μm. Using the QCL's fast spectral tunability and phase-modulated polarization, broadband high-resolution hyperspectral Psi, Delta-cubes in the range of 900 cm(-1)-1204 cm(-1)) were simultaneously acquired in a scanning approach. The QCL micro-ellipsometer's spatial resolution was experimentally characterized and its capabilities demonstrated through the investigation of a polymer multilayer cross section and a 200-euro bank note.
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Viktor Bender, Tobias Bucher, Mohammad Nasimuzzaman Mishuk, Yuxuan Xie, Isabelle Staude, Falk Eilenberger, Kurt Busch, Thomas Pertsch, Bayarjargal N. Tugchin
Summary: Photoluminescence spectroscopy is used to study the excitonic properties of mechanically exfoliated monolayer MoS2 under various physical and chemical stimuli. The study characterizes midgap exciton states originating from lattice defects and compares them to existing models. Statistical data analyses reveal a photoluminescence enhancement through physisorption of water molecules on the controversial excited-state A biexciton (AXX*). Additionally, the study shows that surface roughness does not account for changes in doping level within monolayer MoS2 on gold substrates, and reports a shift in the electron-phonon coupling properties due to physisorbed water films on top of the samples.
PHYSICA STATUS SOLIDI A-APPLICATIONS AND MATERIALS SCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Giovanni Magno, Lorenzo Caramia, Giuseppe Valerio Bianco, Giovanni Bruno, Antonella D'orazio, Marco Grande
Summary: We propose and numerically investigate a smart, optically transparent digital metasurface reflective in the mmWave range, based on CVD graphene programmable elements. The unit cells are optimized to exhibit two distinct states that correspond to those of binary encoding for both TM and TE polarizations. The customizable metasurface encoding can provide different electromagnetic functions, such as wide-band beam splitting and reduction of the Radar Cross Section, and can be integrated into windows and transparent surfaces in future Beyond-5G and 6G ecosystems.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Michael J. Haslinger, Oliver S. Maier, Markus Pribyl, Philipp Taus, Sonja Kopp, Heinz D. Wanzenboeck, Kurt Hingerl, Michael M. Muehlberger, Elena Guillen
Summary: Structural anti-reflective coating and bactericidal surfaces, as well as many other effects, rely on high-aspect-ratio (HAR) micro- and nanostructures, and thus, are of great interest for a wide range of applications. In this research, we developed a UV-based nanoimprint lithography process to master and replicate high-aspect-ratio nanopillars, achieving the smallest possible diameters for dense and isolated arrangements. The stability of the imprinted nanopillars was significantly improved by coating them with a 20 nm gold layer and an additional 20 nm thick layer of SiN. The UV-NIL replication of high-aspect-ratio nanopillars with tip diameters down to 35 nm was demonstrated for the first time, making them suitable for various applications.
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Thomas Stoettinger, Bernhard Rebhan, Kurt Hingerl
Summary: This study investigates the impact of temperature, concentration, and oxide regrowth on the AlGe bonding layer during processing inside ultra-high vacuum. The results show that acceptable bonding results can be achieved below the eutectic temperature of 423 degrees C using in situ AlGe eutectic bonding process. Solid-state diffusion is sufficient to achieve high bonding quality even if the AlGe system remains in the solid state. The main feature of the bonding system, which is oxide removal while suppressing the oxide re-growth, enhances the quality of bonding compared to the regular ex situ eutectic bonding approach.
JOURNAL OF VACUUM SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY B
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Elena Cabello-Olmo, Manuel Romero, Michael Kainz, Anna Bernroitner, Sonja Kopp, Michael Muehlberger, Gabriel Lozano, Hernan Miguez
Summary: This paper demonstrates a versatile and scalable method for preparing periodically corrugated nanophosphor surface patterns that exhibit strongly polarized and directional visible light emission. The combination of inkjet printing and soft lithography techniques is used to create arbitrarily shaped light emitting motifs. These pre-designed luminescent drawings, with polarization and angular properties controlled by the surface relief, can be used as anti-counterfeiting labels, offering additional means to identify unauthorized or forged copies of protected items. The potential of this approach is exemplified by creating a self-standing photoluminescent quick response code with polarized and directionally beamed emission. The directional out-coupled photoluminescence observed is explained through finite-difference time-domain calculations.
ADVANCED FUNCTIONAL MATERIALS
(2023)
Article
Nanoscience & Nanotechnology
Maryam Moradi, Isabelle Staude, Thomas Pertsch, Michael Jaeger, Ulrich S. Schubert
Summary: By utilizing a spin-coating-based sample fabrication procedure, we developed a gold-quantum dot hybrid system that exhibited reversible photoluminescence switching in response to redox processes. The system relied on a nanometric thick polymer spacer layer that was redox-responsive, enabling attachment of the quantum dots to a gold film. The study demonstrated a reversible and reproducible 2.3 ± 0.6-fold photoluminescence intensity switching factor upon oxidation and reduction of the spacer layer.
ACS APPLIED NANO MATERIALS
(2023)
Article
Optics
Chang Liu, Wilhelm Eschen, Lars Loetgering, Daniel Penagos S. Molina, Robert Klas, Alexander Iliou, Michael Steinert, Sebastian Herkersdorf, Alexander Kirsche, Thomas Pertsch, Falk Hillmann, Jens Limpert, Jan Rothhardt
Summary: Table-top extreme ultraviolet (EUV) microscopy provides new possibilities for studying biological samples without using labels. In this study, we demonstrate ptychographic EUV imaging of dried, unstained model specimens, such as germlings of a fungus and bacteria cells, at a wavelength of 13.5 nm. By using a position-correlated ptychography approach, we achieve a millimeter-squared field of view with sub-60 nm spatial resolution, enabling the identification of nanoscale material composition inside the specimens. This work will advance EUV imaging applications and open up new possibilities in life science research.
