Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Joseph F. Wild, Heng Chen, Keyue Liang, Jiayu Liu, Stephen E. Cox, Alex N. Halliday, Yuan Yang
Summary: A general method of centrifugal separation of dissolved chemical compounds for isotope separation is introduced, which can be applied to almost all elements and achieves large separation factors. The method has been demonstrated in various isotopic systems with single-stage selectivities beyond the capabilities of conventional methods. Equations have been derived to model the process, and the results agree with experimental data. The scalability of the technique has been demonstrated through a three-stage enrichment and can be further improved by countercurrent centrifugation. Optimal centrifuge conditions and solutions can achieve high-throughput and highly efficient isotope separation.
Article
Physics, Multidisciplinary
Omer Granek, Yariv Kafri, Julien Tailleur
Summary: The study found that the symmetry of the tracer affects the long-time tails of damping and noise correlations, with symmetric tracers leading to normal diffusion and finite friction while asymmetric tracers induce ratchet effects causing superdiffusion and growing friction. Additionally, for small symmetric tracers, the active contribution to friction becomes negative, enhancing motion rather than opposing it.
PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS
(2022)
Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
Channing J. Prend, Glenn R. Flierl, Katherine M. Smith, Alexis K. Kaminski
Summary: The distribution of oceanic biogeochemical tracers is closely related to physical dynamics at and below the mesoscale. Current parameterizations for turbulent transport in global climate models may not be appropriate for reactive tracers like nutrients and phytoplankton. Incorporating cross-diffusion can significantly improve the representation of phytoplankton and nutrient eddy fluxes in an idealized system. Eddy diffusion parameterizations require timescale separation between flow and reactions, which has implications for parameterizing subgrid scale biogeochemistry in more complex ocean models.
GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS
(2021)
Article
Physics, Fluids & Plasmas
Henrik Nordanger, Alexander Morozov, Joakim Stenhammar
Summary: This study investigates the motion of ellipsoidal point tracers immersed in three-dimensional microswimmer suspensions, revealing interesting phenomena. The rotational diffusivity of tracers is less affected by swimmer-swimmer correlations than the translational diffusivity. In pusher suspensions, the diffusivity along the ellipsoid major axis is higher than in the direction perpendicular to it.
PHYSICAL REVIEW FLUIDS
(2022)
Article
Computer Science, Information Systems
Dhruv Sehnan, Vasu Goel, Sarah Masud, Chhavi Jain, Vikram Goyal, Tanmoy Chakraborty
Summary: This article introduces a tool called DiVA, which provides a scalable web interface and extendable APIs for analyzing different diffusion trends on networks. DiVA stands out from other available interfaces by allowing simultaneous comparison of two competing diffusion models and comparison with ground-truth results, facilitating a coherent understanding of real-world scenarios. Through a user study, it was found that evaluators had a seamless user experience, particularly when analyzing diffusion on large networks.
ACM TRANSACTIONS ON KNOWLEDGE DISCOVERY FROM DATA
(2023)
Article
Oceanography
Xiaozhou Ruan, Raffaele Ferrari
Summary: Turbulent mixing across density surfaces is crucial for transforming abyssal ocean waters and closing the deepest branches of the global overturning circulation. Over the past 20 years, research has shown insights into the connection between small-scale mixing and large-scale ocean circulation, but discrepancies between estimates based on in situ microstructure measurements and tracer release experiments (TREs) need further investigation to overcome biases.
JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL OCEANOGRAPHY
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Nerea Alcazar-Cano, Rafael Delgado-Buscalioni
Summary: In this study, we investigate the influence of hydrodynamic interactions on the diffusion of inert tracer particles in obstacle networks. We find that hydrodynamic interactions can both slow down the diffusion at short times and increase the probability of longer jumps at long times, leading to facilitated diffusion along critical paths.
Article
Water Resources
Anja Hoehne, Karl Mellerowicz, Oliver Lischtschenko, Joerg Lewandowski
Summary: Understanding transport and biogeochemical turnover processes of solutes in riverine systems is essential for ecosystem health. The study presents a novel design concept for a robust fluorescence sensor system that can perform reproducible real-time in situ fluorescence measurements in sediment pore water. The prototype demonstrated robustness and suitability in laboratory and field settings, providing a basis for future sensor systems performing fluorescence spectroscopy analysis in sediment pore water in real time.
ADVANCES IN WATER RESOURCES
(2021)
Article
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Malaz Boustani, Jurgen Unutzer, Luci K. Leykum
Summary: Innovations to reduce the burden of ADRD often face challenges in implementation and diffusion, leading to suboptimal care for patients and caregivers. Limited market demand, lack of patient engagement, insufficient evidence on scalability and implementation difficulties are identified as key factors hindering the effective implementation of evidence-based ADRD interventions. New investments in human-centered design and diffusion science are crucial for meeting the goals of the National Plan to Address Alzheimer's Disease.
JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN GERIATRICS SOCIETY
(2021)
Article
Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications
Connor Duffin, Edward Cripps, Thomas Stemler, Mark Girolami
Summary: Statistical learning methods combined with physically derived mathematical models are gaining attention, particularly the use of Bayesian statistical methodology to incorporate data and address model misspecification. The statFEM approach embeds stochastic forcing within the governing equations and updates the posterior distribution using classical Bayesian filtering techniques. This article introduces a low-rank approximation of the dense covariance matrix to overcome computational scalability challenges and demonstrates its effectiveness in reconstructing sparsely observed data-generating processes of reaction-diffusion problems.
JOURNAL OF COMPUTATIONAL PHYSICS
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Robson da Silva Souto, Larissa Pinheiro de Souza, Paulo Jorge Marques Cordeiro Jr, Bruno Ramos, Antonio Carlos Silva Costa Teixeira, Robson da Silva Rocha, Marcos R. V. Lanza
Summary: This study focuses on the development and application of an electrochemical flow reactor based on a gas diffusion electrode for in situ hydrogen peroxide production. Through response surface methodology, the study analyzed the hydrodynamic behavior and electrochemical effects of the reactor. The findings highlight the importance of hydrodynamic residence time and provide accurate predictions for in situ H2O2 production cost.
INDUSTRIAL & ENGINEERING CHEMISTRY RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Congming Li, Xiangming Li, Wei Yu, Ronglin Xiao, Fei Huang, Hongmiao Tian, Chunhui Wang, Xiaoliang Chen, Jinyou Shao
Summary: This study presents a method for mass production of dense and highly ion conductive graphene. The method involves turbulent flow and capillary compression at violent boiling temperature to fabricate turbostratic graphene, achieving a balance between high density and high ion conductivity, as well as large-scale production. The turbostratic graphene exhibits enhanced ion conductivity, high density, and volumetric capacitance, marking a milestone in capacitive energy storage.
Article
Chemistry, Physical
F. Orts, M. Maier, M. Fuchs, G. Ortega, E. M. Garzon, A. M. Puertas
Summary: The dynamics of a tracer particle in a bath of quasi-hard colloidal spheres is investigated using Langevin dynamics simulations and mode coupling theory. The study reveals that the size of the tracer particle has a significant impact on its motion, as well as on the dynamics of the bath particles.
JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL PHYSICS
(2023)
Article
Computer Science, Artificial Intelligence
Jiong Tao, Juyong Zhang, Bailin Deng, Zheng Fang, Yue Peng, Ying He
Summary: The paper proposes a parallel and scalable approach for computing geodesic distances on triangle meshes, utilizing optimization of gradients and efficient first-order methods. The approach is capable of efficiently recovering geodesic distances on large models, surpassing other state-of-the-art solvers in terms of performance.
IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON PATTERN ANALYSIS AND MACHINE INTELLIGENCE
(2021)
Article
Oceanography
Henri F. Drake, Xiaozhou Ruan, Raffaele Ferrari
Summary: Small-scale mixing plays a crucial role in the abyssal ocean overturning circulation, and tracer release experiments (TREs) are used to estimate turbulent diffusivities. However, there are discrepancies between TREs and microstructure measurements, which may be due to the distortion effects.
JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL OCEANOGRAPHY
(2022)