Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
Christopher Masafu, Richard Williams, Martin D. Hurst
Summary: In this study, we demonstrate that river discharge can be estimated by using satellite-derived video imagery and high-resolution topography. We used Large Scale Particle Image Velocimetry (LSPIV) to estimate surface velocity from satellite videos and validated the results with a calibrated 2D hydrodynamic model. Despite some errors, our estimates were within 0.3%-15% of the gauge measurements. This research provides a foundation for improving satellite video LSPIV techniques and has significant implications for water resource management and flood risk assessment.
GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Andrey A. Lipin, Alexandr G. Lipin
Summary: This study proposes a new model for the batch fluidized-bed coating process and evaluates coating uniformity based on the degree of coverage. The numerical solution algorithm predicts particle distribution and analyzes the influence of main process parameters on coating uniformity.
Article
Engineering, Multidisciplinary
Adib Ahmadzadegan, Sayantan Bhattacharya, Arezoo M. Ardekani, Pavlos P. Vlachos
Summary: This paper presents a new approach for estimating the uncertainty in ensemble particle image velocimetry (PIV) measurements. The proposed method, called the moment of probability of displacement (MPD), calculates the uncertainty directly from the probability density function of displacements by finding the second moment. The performance of MPD is evaluated using synthetic and experimental images, and it is shown to have good sensitivity to various PIV error sources and accurately estimate the root mean square (RMS) of the velocity measurement error.
MEASUREMENT SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Multidisciplinary
Taku Nonomura, Takuma Ibuki, Yuta Ozawa, Keisuke Asai, Akira Oyama
Summary: This study proposes two methods for measuring the turbulence statistics distribution of high-speed flow using particle-image-velocimetry images with high spatial resolution, addressing the issue of particle shape blurring caused by high-speed movements. Through experiments, it is found that these two methods outperform the previous method in estimating turbulent fluctuations.
MEASUREMENT SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Engineering, Biomedical
Fanette Chassagne, Marissa Miramontes, Venkat Keshav Chivukula, Song Li, Jennifer A. Beckman, Claudius Mahr, Alberto Aliseda
Summary: Stroke has become the main cause of mortality and morbidity in patients treated with Left Ventricular Assist Devices (LVADs). The hemodynamics of the left ventricle are altered by the implantation of an LVAD, increasing the risk of thrombus formation. Adjustments in LVAD speed, peripheral resistance, and afterload have significant impacts on the intraventricular flow patterns and thrombogenic risk in LVAD-implanted patients.
ANNALS OF BIOMEDICAL ENGINEERING
(2021)
Article
Mechanics
Ojing Siram, Sachin Y. Shinde, Vinayak Kulkarni, Niranjan Sahoo
Summary: The behavior of wind turbine wake is unique and carries crucial information on the nature of wake propagation. In this study, a stereo particle image velocimetry (SPIV) technique is used to map and assess the flow field behind a model horizontal-axis wind turbine under low tip speed ratio conditions. The results provide a better understanding of the helical behavior of the wake and its relationship with the velocity deficit.
Article
Engineering, Civil
Pingping Yang, Rui Li, Lidong Pan
Summary: This study experimentally investigated the effect of bed roughness on a horseshoe vortex system formed around a bed-mounted circular cylinder. It found that bed roughness significantly affected the horseshoe vortex, destroying the three vortices. An increase in bed roughness resulted in the separation point moving towards the cylinder and the primary vortex moving towards the free surface. The radius of the primary vortex was positively correlated with bed roughness, while the swirling strength was negatively correlated.
JOURNAL OF HYDROLOGY
(2022)
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Magdalena Turk, Rok Sibanc, Rok Dreu, Maja Frankiewicz, Malgorzata Sznitowska
Summary: This study focused on the quality of coating uniformity of mini-tablets, finding that a distributor with a swirl generator resulted in better coating uniformity, even for the largest mini-tablets with a diameter of 3.0 mm. Color analysis showed a high correlation between hue values and UV-Vis results.
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Ali Akbar Sarbanha, Faical Larachi, Seyed Mohammad Taghavi
Summary: Floating fluidized beds are hindered by swell/sea waves, limiting their applicability in marine settings as a substitute for fixed beds in exhaust pollutant removal. To address this, experiments were performed using a rectangular fluidized bed mounted on a hexapod to simulate marine operations. The effects of motion on fluidization, bubble growth/shape, void/velocity fields, and gas/solids circulations were analyzed using Digital Image Analysis and Particle Image Velocimetry. The study revealed that non-vertical orientations led to a decrease in minimum fluidization velocity, with the trajectory and shape of bubbles near static and dynamic walls having the most significant impact. This resulted in a slug regime with substantial gas bypass, which has implications for the design and operation of marinized fluidized beds and addressing ship emissions constraints.
CHEMICAL ENGINEERING SCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Andreas Kottlan, Benjamin J. Glasser, Johannes G. Khinast
Summary: This study evaluates the contributions of diffusive and convective mixing to the blending performance of pharmaceutical powders using vibratory mixing. The influence of vibration parameters is investigated by varying the vibration frequency while keeping similar acceleration amplitudes. The experiments show that a lower vibration frequency leads to a faster onset of agitation, higher average velocity magnitudes, and higher apparent granular temperatures. The size of the dilute zones responsible for rapid mixing decreases with increasing frequency. Comparison with previous studies indicates that diffusive mixing mechanisms play a major role in this single-tablet-scale blending process.
Article
Water Resources
Jerome Le Coz, Benjamin Renard, Vincent Vansuyt, Magali Jodeau, Alexandre Hauet
Summary: The development of video-based hydrometry requires orthorectification of images to ensure each pixel has the same physical size. Implicit and explicit calibration methods are commonly used to compute the coefficients of the transformation, which are beneficial in obtaining precise estimates.
HYDROLOGICAL PROCESSES
(2021)
Article
Engineering, Environmental
M. J. A. de Munck, E. A. J. F. Peters, J. A. M. Kuipers
Summary: Enhancing gas-solid contacting in a fluidized bed through mechanical vibration improves solids drying characteristics. This study uses a pseudo-2D vibro-fluidized bed setup to experimentally investigate this improved drying behavior. A coupled particle image velocimetry-infrared thermography technique is employed to characterize local solids velocity and temperature fields. Results show that the added vibration significantly increases solids drying rate compared to a traditional gas-fluidized bed, primarily due to enhanced meso-scale particle agitation. Additionally, the appearance of gas bubbles and particle temperature standard deviation are highly influenced by the applied vibration amplitude and frequency.
CHEMICAL ENGINEERING JOURNAL
(2023)
Article
Computer Science, Software Engineering
Alonso Pizarro, Silvano F. Dal Sasso, Salvatore Manfreda
Summary: VISION is an open-source software written in MATLAB for video stabilization using automatic feature detection. It has been mainly developed for image velocimetry applications in rivers. The software offers various options for customization based on user needs and intended applications, allowing for the selection of different feature detection algorithms, definition of the percentual value of features for stabilization, choice of geometric transformation type, definition of a region of interest, and real-time visualization of stabilized frames. A case study demonstrated the effectiveness of VISION in reducing velocity errors compared to field measurements. VISION is a user-friendly software suitable for both research and educational purposes.
Article
Engineering, Aerospace
Kewei Yin, Jun Zhang, Shuang Chen
Summary: Particle image velocimetry (PIV) is a non-contact, instantaneous and full-flow velocity measurement method widely used in fluid mechanics and aerodynamics. The laser sheet optical system is crucial for obtaining high definition particle images in PIV.
Article
Engineering, Multidisciplinary
Barbara Stachurska, Amin Mahdavi-Meymand, Wojciech Sulisz
Summary: The study developed new integrated machine learning methods using the SPBO algorithm to determine wave-induced non-cohesive sediment particle velocities. The techniques successfully predict the sediment particle horizontal velocity using easily measurable data, showing potential for interpreting measurement data and verifying sediment transport models.
Article
Chemistry, Medicinal
Hui Ping Goh, Paul Wan Sia Heng, Celine Valeria Liew
JOURNAL OF PHARMACEUTICAL SCIENCES
(2019)
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Justin Yong Soon Tay, Qi En Han, Celine Valeria Liew, Paul Wan Sia Heng
PHARMACEUTICAL DEVELOPMENT AND TECHNOLOGY
(2020)
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Liam Chee Teh, Lai Wah Chan, Celine Valeria Liew, Paul Wan Sia Heng
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHARMACEUTICS
(2020)
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Natalia Veronica, Celine Valeria Liew, Paul Wan Sia Heng
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHARMACEUTICS
(2020)
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Natalia Veronica, Celine Valeria Liew, Paul Wan Sia Heng
Summary: This study investigated the influence of different component proportions on tablet properties, finding that formulations with more starch had higher moisture sorption but potentially compromised mechanical strength, while MCC produced stronger tablets with better mechanical properties. The findings deepen the understanding of the dichotomous effect by the proportion of components in formulations containing a moisture sensitive drug on drug stability and mechanical strength of the resultant tablets.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHARMACEUTICS
(2021)
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Natalia Veronica, Celine Valeria Liew, Paul Wan Sia Heng
Summary: This study investigated the impact of amylose-amylopectin ratio on tablet properties and found that high-amylose starch showed better tableting properties and drug stability at certain relative humidity levels. The study also suggested that the difference in moisture sorption between the two starch types played a role in these properties.
Review
Chemistry, Medicinal
Natalia Veronica, Paul Wan Sia Heng, Celine Valeria Liew
Summary: Moisture is a common cause of drug degradation, and excipients play a role in protecting moisture sensitive drugs in formulations. Understanding the interaction between moisture and excipients is crucial for selecting appropriate excipients. This review discusses the role of excipients as moisture protectants in oral solid dosage forms, as well as the mechanisms by which they reduce drug degradation and analytical tools to evaluate moisture-excipient interactions.
JOURNAL OF PHARMACEUTICAL SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Natalia Veronica, Paul Wan Sia Heng, Celine Valeria Liew
Summary: The stability of a moisture-sensitive drug in tablet formulations is influenced by the relative humidity (RH) in the environment and prior exposure to moisture. This study found that different excipients have varying interactions with moisture, and the choice of excipients can affect the impact of moisture history on drug stability.
MOLECULAR PHARMACEUTICS
(2022)
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Qin Qin Gong, Justin Yong Soon Tay, Natalia Veronica, Jian Xu, Paul Wan Sia Heng, Yong Ping Zhang, Celine Valeria Liew
Summary: The surface roughness of carrier particles can affect the performance of dry powder inhalers (DPIs), and there are differing views on this effect. A systematic approach is needed to modify carrier surfaces and assess the impact on drug delivery. Surface roughness parameters were evaluated, and it was found that higher surface roughness resulted in higher fine particle fraction (FPF) for drug delivery.
PHARMACEUTICAL DEVELOPMENT AND TECHNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Hongyi Ouyang, Soon Jun Ang, Zong Yang Lee, Tze Ning Hiew, Paul Wan Sia Heng, Lai Wah Chan
Summary: This study evaluated the use of paraffin wax as a controlled release matrix for spray congealing and its impact on drug release and stability. Paraffin wax forms a hydrophobic barrier, preventing moisture and reducing drug degradation, while also retarding drug release in the gastrointestinal tract. Hydrophilic lipid additives can be incorporated to modulate drug release through the paraffin wax barrier. The study found that paraffin wax can preserve the stability of moisture-sensitive drugs and slow down their release from spray-congealed microparticles. Lipid additives can modulate drug release without compromising drug stability.
PHARMACEUTICAL DEVELOPMENT AND TECHNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Natalia Veronica, Tze Ning Hiew, Celine Valeria Liew, Paul Wan Sia Heng
MOLECULAR PHARMACEUTICS
(2020)
Article
Chemistry, Medicinal
Andre Hermans, Przemyslaw Dorozynski, Fernando J. Muzzio, Hanlin Li, Sarah Nielsen, Shirlynn Chen, Christos Reppas, Sandra Klein, Sanjaykumar Patel, Matthias Wacker, Kailas Thakker, Katharina Pruessmann, Anne Seidlitz, Tapash K. Ghosh, Yang Yang, Daniel Willett, Guenther Hochhaus, Justin Tay, Celine Liew, Paul W. S. Heng, Changquan Calvin Sun, Johannes Kraemer, Margareth R. C. Marques
DISSOLUTION TECHNOLOGIES
(2020)