Correlates of Resistin in Children with Chronic Kidney Disease: The Chronic Kidney Disease in Children Cohort

Objective To test the hypothesis that resistin is associated with insulin resistance and inflammation in pediatric patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD). Study design This study is a cross-sectional analysis of 319 children in the Chronic Kidney Disease in Children cohort, a large cohort of children with stage II-IV CKD. Univariate and multivariate regression modeling was used to evaluate the association of serum resistin level with glomerular filtration rate (GFR), demographic data, and cardiovascular risk factors, including inflammatory cytokines, insulin resistance, and serum lipids. Results In univariate analyses, serum resistin level was negatively correlated with GFR (P < .01). Increased serum resistin was associated with elevated inflammatory cytokines, including interleukin (IL)-6 (P < .01), IL-10 (P < .01), and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (P < .01). Resistin level was not associated with insulin resistance, although it was positively correlated with serum triglycerides (P < .01) and negatively correlated with high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (P < .01). In multivariate analysis, GFR (beta = -0.01; P < .001), IL-6 (beta = 0.18; P < .001), IL-10 (beta = 0.09; P = .01), and pubertal status (b = 0.18; P < .01) were significantly associated with serum resistin level. Conclusion These results indicate that serum resistin level increases with GFR decline and is involved in the inflammatory milieu present in CKD. (J Pediatr 2012;161:276-80).