Journal
JOURNAL OF PARENTERAL AND ENTERAL NUTRITION
Volume 36, Issue -, Pages 81S-94SPublisher
WILEY
DOI: 10.1177/0148607111424411
Keywords
parenteral nutrition; premature infant; fish oils; triglycerides; liver function; fatty acids
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Funding
- Fund for Scientific Research, Flanders (Belgium) [1800209 N, 1506409 N]
- Fresenius Kabi, Bad Homburg, Germany
- Fresenius Kabi
- Nestle Nutrition Institute
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Background: For premature neonates needing parenteral nutrition (PN), a balanced lipid supply is crucial. The authors hypothesized that a lipid emulsion containing medium-chain triglycerides (MCTs) and soybean, olive, and fish oils would be as safe and well tolerated as a soybean emulsion while beneficially influencing the fatty acid profile. Methods: Double-blind, controlled study in 53 neonates (<34 weeks' gestation) randomized to receive at least 7 days of PN containing either an emulsion of MCTs and soybean, olive, and fish oils or a soybean oil emulsion. Target lipid dosage was 1.0 g fat/kg body weight [BW]/d on days 1-3, 2 g/kg BW/d on day 4, 3 g/kg BW/d on day 5, and 3.5 g/kg BW/d on days 6-14. Results: Test emulsion vs control, mean +/- SD: baseline triglyceride concentrations were 0.52 +/- 0.16 vs 0.54 +/- 0.19 mmol/L and increased similarly in both groups to 0.69 +/- 0.38 vs 0.67 +/- 0.36 on day 8 of treatment (P = .781 for change). A significantly higher decrease in total and direct bilirubin vs baseline was seen in the test group compared with the control group P < .05 between groups). In plasma and red blood cell phospholipids, eicosapentaenoic acid and docosahexaenoic acid were higher, and the n-6/n-3 fatty acid ratio was lower in the test group (P < .05 vs control). Conclusions: The lipid emulsion, based on a mixture of MCTs and soybean, olive, and fish oils, was safe and well tolerated by preterm infants while beneficially modulating the fatty acid profile.
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