Journal
JOURNAL OF ORTHOPAEDIC SCIENCE
Volume 19, Issue 1, Pages 172-180Publisher
SPRINGER JAPAN KK
DOI: 10.1007/s00776-013-0485-z
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Funding
- National Center for Child Health and Development [25-1]
- JSPS KAKENHI
- JST (CREST)
- NIH [AR050631, AG-007996]
- NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF ARTHRITIS AND MUSCULOSKELETAL AND SKIN DISEASES [R01AR050631, R56AR050631] Funding Source: NIH RePORTER
- NATIONAL INSTITUTE ON AGING [P01AG007996] Funding Source: NIH RePORTER
- Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research [24659669, 23249071] Funding Source: KAKEN
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Mohawk (Mkx) is a homeodomain-containing transcription factor that is expressed in various mesoderm-derived tissues, particularly in developing tendons. In this study, we investigate the exact expression pattern and functions of Mkx in forelimbs. We analyzed the forelimbs of Mkx knockout mice [from embryonic day (E) 18.5 to postnatal day (P) 28 weeks] by using knocked-in Venus signals, Masson trichrome staining, and hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) staining. We detected Venus signals in forelimb tendons, pulleys, and volar plates (VPs) in P21 mice. In-depth histological analysis showed that compared to the wild-type mice, the Mkx knockout mice showed significant hypoplasia in the flexor digitorum profundus tendons from E18.5. The VPs and pulleys appeared normal until P0; however, by P14, they became increasingly thicker in Mkx-null mice compared to wild-type mice. The fiber alignment was particularly disrupted in VPs of Mkx-null mice. These results suggest that Mkx is an important regulator of the differentiation of VPs and pulleys, as well as of tendon differentiation.
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