Article
Chemistry, Physical
Tianshuai Ma, Wei Wang, Ruiqi Shao, Hui Deng, Wei Mai, Tianyu Li, Wanwei Jiang, Feng Tian, Zhiwei Xu
Summary: This study investigates the impact of radial heterostructure on the properties of carbon fibers and proposes a new process combination of gamma-irradiation and heat treatment to improve the microstructure of fibers. The results show that the coordination of irradiation and heating significantly improves the hardness and structure of fibers. Atomistic simulations also explain the mechanism behind the structural improvement.
JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY C
(2023)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Xiao-Fang Zhang, Ting-Ting Yao, Yu-Ting Liu, Gang-Ping Wu
Summary: Surfactant modification of carbon fibers improves the interfacial adhesion between the fibers and matrix. The modified fibers show enhanced interfacial properties without compromising their tensile strength. This method offers a potential approach for preparing recyclable carbon fiber composites.
NEW CARBON MATERIALS
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Applied
Ting Wu, Chunxiang Lu, Tongqing Sun, Yonghong Li, Shuxia Yuan, Denghua Li, Guanbo Wang, Xiaodan Ren
Summary: The tensile strength of T and MJ series carbon fibers is related to microvoid size and amorphous structure parameters, following the Griffith microcrack theory. The introduction of amorphous structure parameters in the Griffith formula improves the fitting results, showing that MJ series strength increases with amorphous size while T series exhibits the opposite trend. The amorphous region in MJ series provides a crack propagation path, increasing strength, while nitrogen-based defects in T series have a greater impact on strength compared to crack propagation in the amorphous region.
MICROPOROUS AND MESOPOROUS MATERIALS
(2022)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
N. N. Andrianova, A. M. Borisov, E. S. Mashkova, M. A. Ovchinnikov, M. A. Timofyev, E. A. Vysotina
Summary: The experimental study investigated the surface patterns on PAN-based carbon fibers under 3 and 30 keV He+ and 30 keV Ar+ ions irradiation. It was found that the depth distributions of the number of displacements per atom have a significant impact on the surface patterns. Different surface structures were observed depending on whether the depth distribution profiles were steady-state or not, with ridge-like structures forming when profiles were not steady-state and corrugated structures forming at high irradiation fluences with steady-state profiles. The corrugation effect was attributed to twinning during plastic deformation of fiber shell crystallites caused by radiation-induced dimensional changes and mechanical stresses.
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
N. N. Andrianova, A. M. Borisov, E. S. Mashkova, M. A. Ovchinnikov, A. V. Makunin, E. A. Vysotina
Summary: Experimental studies have shown that surface structure modification of PAN based carbon fibers under 30 keV C+, N+, N-2(+) and Ar(+) ions irradiation does not result in corrugation effects, unlike irradiation with noble gases and nitrogen ions which do. The reason behind the absence of surface corrugation under C+ irradiation is believed to be the formation of a textureless modified layer.
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Zhenghe Zhang, Lijian Song, Lisheng Cheng, Jing Tan, Weimin Yang
Summary: The graphitization process of PAN-based carbon fibers can be accelerated by the K+ effect, resulting in a higher degree of graphitization and the formation of ordered and large-sized graphite-like microcrystals. Reactive molecular simulation provides insights into the acceleration mechanism of the K+ effect. These results suggest that K+-effected graphitization via laser irradiation can be a promising alternative for the efficient and eco-friendly mass production of graphite fibers.
ACS SUSTAINABLE CHEMISTRY & ENGINEERING
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Shixiang Dong, Jing Li, Shuai Zhang, Ning Li, Bo Li, Qianli Zhang, Liqin Ge
Summary: One-dimensional PAN-based carbon nanofibers with a high aspect ratio were prepared using electrospinning and high-temperature carbonization. The carbonization temperature had a direct impact on the degree of graphitization, dielectric loss, and microwave absorption properties of the carbon nanofibers. Optimal microwave absorption performance was achieved with PAN-based carbon fiber/paraffin composites containing 10 wt% filler, exhibiting a maximum reflection loss of -12.75 dB and an effective absorption bandwidth of 4.88 GHz (13.12-18 GHz) at 2.2 mm.
COLLOIDS AND SURFACES A-PHYSICOCHEMICAL AND ENGINEERING ASPECTS
(2022)
Article
Plant Sciences
Yoshihiro Hase, Katsuya Satoh, Satoshi Kitamura
Summary: The molecular nature of mutations induced by ionizing radiation and chemical mutagens in plants is better understood with the help of high-throughput DNA sequencing technology. This study compared the mutations induced by gamma rays and carbon ions in Arabidopsis, both in dry-seeds and seedlings. The results revealed differences in mutation frequency and types induced by different radiation qualities and materials, and provide useful information for selecting suitable radiation treatments for mutagenesis.
FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Polymer Science
Xiaxiang Zhang, Yong Qi, Jianxiao Yang, Silin Dong, Jiahao Liu, Jun Li, Kui Shi
Summary: The introduction of lignin helps reduce the cyclization degree and attenuate the exothermal rate of fibers, facilitating the stabilization process. The oxygen-containing groups in lignin act as free-radical scavenger and the carboxyl group accelerates the ionic cyclization of fibers. The oxygen structural unit of lignin is a promising candidate to enhance the stabilization behaviors of PAN-derived fibers.
POLYMER DEGRADATION AND STABILITY
(2021)
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Sora Lee, Soojin Ham, Sang Jun Youn, Yong Sik Chung, Sungho Lee
Summary: The study compared the impact of surface roughness of carbon fibers on interfacial adhesion, finding that fibers with higher roughness exhibit increased wettability and interfacial shear strength despite lower tensile strength. Low-cost, high roughness carbon fibers show promise as reinforcement candidates for adequate long-fiber-reinforced thermoplastic composites.
INDUSTRIAL & ENGINEERING CHEMISTRY RESEARCH
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Wei Zhang, Qian Sun, Zhigang Shen, Jie Liu, Xiaoxu Wang
Summary: The mechanical properties of carbon nanofiber mats are closely related to the fiber diameter. Smaller fiber diameters lead to larger cross-linking structures and higher graphitization degree. However, the tensile properties of the mats are not solely determined by fiber diameter but also by structural regularity and defects. The highest tensile strength of 125.2 MPa was achieved with a fiber diameter of around 500 nm.
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Xinyu Wang, Xin Qian, Yonggang Zhang, Xuefei Wang, Shulin Song, Cheng Zhang
Summary: The study focused on nitric acid oxidation of polyacrylonitrile-based ultrahigh modulus carbon fibers, examining changes in surface topography and chemical functionality. Results showed decreases in crystallite thickness and graphitization degree, while surface activity and functionality increased. Surface treatment had little effect on tensile strength but significantly decreased tensile modulus, with interfacial shear strength of carbon fibers/epoxy composites increasing after oxidation.
Article
Polymer Science
Pei-Feng Feng, Guo-Jun Song, Wen-Jian Zhang, Hao Zheng, Bo-Wen Li, Shao-Feng Zhou, Ya-Qing Liu, Guang-Shun Wu, Li-Chun Ma
Summary: The use of a multiscale gradient modulus intermediate layer with rigid-flexible hierarchical structure has significantly enhanced the interfacial adhesion between carbon fiber and polymer matrix, leading to improved performance of the composite materials.
CHINESE JOURNAL OF POLYMER SCIENCE
(2021)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Hongji Sang, Cong Mao, Yan Wu, Yuezhou Wei
Summary: A silica-based anion exchange resin was synthesized and used to remove Tc-99 from real radioactive liquid waste, showing good thermal stability and high decontamination efficiency. The study also found that ion exchange reaction was the controlling mechanism in the process, and competitive adsorption of NO3- led to a decrease in K-d after gamma-ray irradiation.
Review
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Kunming Li, Xuepeng Ni, Qianqian Wu, Chunshun Yuan, Changlei Li, Dong Li, Huifang Chen, Yonggen Lv, Anqi Ju
Summary: This paper reviews the current status of carbon-based fibers (CBFs), including their precursors, preparation methods, performance, and applications. The different types of precursor systems are discussed, and the relationship between preparation methods and performance of CBFs is presented. The paper also provides an overview of CBFs' applications and future development.
ADVANCED FIBER MATERIALS
(2022)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Liuming Wei, Jingwen Li, Yonggang Li, Qirong Zheng, Fan Cheng, Chuanguo Zhang, Jingyu Li, Gaofeng Zhao, Zhi Zeng
Summary: This study investigates the influence of He-V complexes on H behaviors on different W surfaces using DFT calculations. The results show that H dissolution is most difficult but H trapping is easiest on the W (110) surface, while the opposite is true on the W (111) surface. Moreover, the presence of He-V complexes increases the difficulty of H diffusion from bulk to surface and desorption.
JOURNAL OF NUCLEAR MATERIALS
(2024)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Yan Meng, Song Zeng, Chen Chen, Chaowen Zhu, Huahai Shen, Xiaosong Zhou, Xiaochun Han
Summary: The characteristics of magnetron sputtered Cr coatings vary with different temperature, bias voltage, and pressure. Coatings with random orientation, good crystallinity, and small grain size exhibit favorable oxidation behavior, while coatings with strong (200) texture, poor crystallinity, and large grains have many intrinsic defects that are detrimental to the protection property of the Cr coatings.
JOURNAL OF NUCLEAR MATERIALS
(2024)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Xinyuan Xu, Zefeng Yu, Wei-Ying Chen, Aiping Chen, Arthur Motta, Xing Wang
Summary: This study presents an automated approach for characterizing grain morphology in TEM images recorded during ion irradiation. By combining a machine learning model and a computer vision algorithm, comparable results to human analysis can be achieved with significantly reduced analysis time. Researchers can train their own models following the procedures described in this study to automate grain morphology analysis of their own TEM images.
JOURNAL OF NUCLEAR MATERIALS
(2024)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Shihao Wu, Dong Wang, Yapei Zhang, Koji Okamoto, Marco Pellegrini, Wenxi Tian, Suizheng Qiu, G. H. Su
Summary: The oxidation and degradation mechanisms of Cr coating on Zr alloy cladding under high temperature steam atmosphere are summarized, and a mathematical analysis model is established to predict the changes in coating thickness. The model is applied in the analysis of structure evolution under different conditions.
JOURNAL OF NUCLEAR MATERIALS
(2024)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
V. Diaz-Mena, J. de Prado, M. Roldan, I. Izaguirre, M. Sanchez, M. Rieth, A. Urena
Summary: The brazeability of a cupronickel alloy was evaluated as a filler alloy for high-temperature joining of tungsten to steel. The study investigated the brazing conditions and the impact of the selected filler on the joint quality using numerical software. The results showed different metallurgical interactions and diffusion phenomena between the filler alloy and the base materials at different temperatures. The study emphasized the importance of selecting a suitable filler to mitigate residual stresses in the joints.
JOURNAL OF NUCLEAR MATERIALS
(2024)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Pengcheng Zhu, Yajie Zhao, Yan-Ru Lin, Jean Henry, Steven J. Zinkle
Summary: This study investigates the effect of heavy-ion irradiation on radiation hardening in high-purity binary alloy Fe18Cr. Nanoindentation testing and high-quality TEM imaging were conducted to extract hardness and microstructure information. The strength factor was accurately calculated based on the detailed TEM characterization of irradiated microstructures, and a refined hardening superposition method was applied to quantify the mechanical properties of ion-irradiated materials.
JOURNAL OF NUCLEAR MATERIALS
(2024)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Bin Wu, Haixia Ning, Hanzhen Zhu, Jianjun Chen, Kang Wang, Daiyu Zhang, Fu Wang, Qilong Liao
Summary: This study discusses the effects of ZrO2 and B2O3 on the phase composition and properties of SAP-based glass-ceramics. The results show that ZrO2 addition improves the formation of NZP phase while restricting the crystallization of AlPO4 phases. The correct ratios of ZrO2 and B2O3 allow only the formation of NZP phase within the SAP glass.
JOURNAL OF NUCLEAR MATERIALS
(2024)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Hwasung Yeom, Greg Johnson, Benjamin Maier, Tyler Dabney, Kumar Sridharan
Summary: Cr-Nb bilayer coatings were developed using cold spray deposition to improve the limiting operational temperature of Cr-coated Zr-alloy system. The coatings exhibited outstanding oxidation resistance at high temperatures and formed continuous intermetallic compound layers at the interfaces.
JOURNAL OF NUCLEAR MATERIALS
(2024)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Padhraic L. Mulligan, Andrew T. Nelson, Chad M. Parish, Patrick A. Champlin, Xiang Chen, Daniel Morrall, Jason M. Harp
Summary: Environmental barrier coatings are being developed to reduce oxidation and embrittlement in Zr-based materials. Chromium nitride is a candidate for this application, but understanding its impact on irradiation-induced creep and microstructure is critical.
JOURNAL OF NUCLEAR MATERIALS
(2024)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Dexuan Yan, Xinlei Cao, Ke Shen
Summary: This study investigated the purification mechanism of polycrystalline graphite by comparing IG-11 graphite with IG-110 nuclear grade graphite. The analysis revealed that metallic impurities in IG-11 were primarily segregated within graphite porosities, while IG-110 demonstrated a significant reduction in impurities. This research contributes to the development of innovative graphite purification techniques for greater purity and stronger oxidation resistance.
JOURNAL OF NUCLEAR MATERIALS
(2024)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Wei Xu, Wei Peng, Lei Shi, Qi Sun
Summary: This paper investigates the oxidation and shape evolution of matrix graphite in high temperature gas-cooled reactors during air-ingress accidents. A reaction kinetics model is established and computational fluid dynamics with a dynamic mesh method is used to simulate the oxidation process. The results show that the geometric shape of graphite changes significantly with increasing flow rate, and the graphite pebbles tend to form a structure with a narrow front and wide tail.
JOURNAL OF NUCLEAR MATERIALS
(2024)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Allison Harward, Casey Elliott, Michael Shaltry, Krista Carlson, Tae-Sic Yoo, Guy Fredrickson, Michael Patterson, Michael F. Simpson
Summary: This paper investigates the hygroscopic properties of eutectic LiCl-KCl absorbed into zeolite-4A. The study finds that water absorption and corrosion worsen with increasing salt loading. It also suggests that the salt can be stored in a non-inert atmosphere for a certain period of time.
JOURNAL OF NUCLEAR MATERIALS
(2024)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Takaaki Koyanagi, Xunxiang Hu, Christian M. Petrie, Gyanender Singh, Caen Ang, Christian P. Deck, Weon-Ju Kim, Daejong Kim, James Braun, Yutai Katoh
Summary: This study provides critical experimental data on the effects of irradiation on the hermeticity of SiC composite cladding, finding that irradiation can cause a decrease in hermeticity and cracking, and coating the outer surface can mitigate the cracking issue.
JOURNAL OF NUCLEAR MATERIALS
(2024)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
S. Krat, A. Prishvitsyn, Yu. Gasparyan
Summary: This study proposes a probabilistic and diffusion-based model to describe the co-deposition of multiple hydrogen isotopes with slowly grown metal layers. The model calculates the relative concentrations of different hydrogen isotopes in the co-deposited metal layers. It is found that if hydrogen isotopes have different detrapping energies, only the isotope with the highest detrapping energy shows a monotonic decrease in concentration with deposition temperature. Furthermore, the study evaluates the uncertainty of tritium concentration in the co-deposited layer based on the uncertainty in detrapping energy of tritium and deuterium, predicting a >10% tritium concentration uncertainty for a 0.01 eV difference.
JOURNAL OF NUCLEAR MATERIALS
(2024)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Tijo Vazhappilly, Arup Kumar Pathak
Summary: This study investigates the effect of Ce atom substitution in UO2 on its thermophysical properties using density functional theory. The results show that the Ce substitution levels and the oxidation state of Ce/U atoms strongly influence the band structure and specific heat capacity of the UO2 lattice. These findings provide important insights into the fuel properties of UO2 under reactor conditions.
JOURNAL OF NUCLEAR MATERIALS
(2024)