Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Jiang Ma, Zhiwei Fang, Xiaoyong Yang, Bo Wang, Fen Luo, Xiaoli Zhao, Xiaofen Wang, Yushan Yang
Summary: The study proposes the use of a hollandite-perovskite ceramic matrix as a potential host for immobilization of separated Cs and Sr from high-level waste streams, demonstrating excellent chemical durability in experimental testing. The synthesized composite ceramics have shown effective immobilization of Cs and Sr elements, indicating their potential as a customized host matrix for HLW immobilization.
JOURNAL OF MATERIALS SCIENCE
(2021)
Article
Construction & Building Technology
Eduardo Duque-Redondo, Kazuo Yamada, Hegoi Manzano
Summary: Cement and concrete are commonly used in the construction of repository sites for radioactive wastes, requiring good adsorption and low diffusion rates for proper isolation. Molecular dynamics simulations were used to study the influence of composition on Cs retention capacities and diffusivity in C-S-H gel pores, showing that higher Ca/Si ratios worsen Cs ion adsorption but increase hydrophilicity, leading to higher ordering and lower diffusion coefficients.
CEMENT AND CONCRETE RESEARCH
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Dina A. Bakhotmah, Mahmoud A. Hussein, Waleed El-Said, Mohamed H. Ismael, Emad Elshehy
Summary: In this study, a simple and one-step hydrothermal method was used to prepare a highly uniform sodium zirconosilicate mesoporous sorbent supported with vanadium oxide nanoparticles (VO2). The fabricated composite showed excellent removal efficiency for cesium and strontium ions from aqueous solutions. The structural characteristics and adsorption process were well studied using various techniques.
JOURNAL OF DISPERSION SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Analytical
Nikolay A. Bezhin, Illarion I. Dovhyi, Eduard A. Tokar, Ivan G. Tananaev
Summary: This paper investigates the physical and chemical regularities of strontium and cesium ions sorption from seawater using various sorbents. The study analyzed the sorption parameters over time and equilibrium concentration of the metal in solution using different models and isotherms.
JOURNAL OF RADIOANALYTICAL AND NUCLEAR CHEMISTRY
(2021)
Article
Materials Science, Ceramics
H. A. Abo-Mosallam
Summary: The study investigated the structures, thermo-physical, and chemical properties of a glass series with varying SrO content. Results showed that increasing SrO content led to improved chemical and thermal stability of the glasses, but the network structure of the glasses became less stable.
JOURNAL OF NON-CRYSTALLINE SOLIDS
(2021)
Article
Materials Science, Ceramics
Anchao Zou, Huixin Liang, Chen Jiao, Mengxing Ge, Xinyu Yi, Youwen Yang, Jun Sun, Changjiang Wang, Lida Shen, Yao Li
Summary: This study investigated the improvement of sintering performance and degradation rate of calcium silicate ceramics by adding strontium phosphate, and found that the addition of Sr element had a positive effect on cell proliferation and differentiation.
CERAMICS INTERNATIONAL
(2021)
Article
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
Sandra K. Fiskum, Jacob G. Reynolds, Matthew S. Fountain
Summary: A study evaluated the use of crystalline silicotitanate (CST) for removing Sr-90 from tank waste in support of waste immobilization. The results showed that CST effectively removed cesium from chelated tank waste and also had partial exchange with strontium, barium, and lead. However, calcium demonstrated strong chelation and could not be exchanged onto CST.
ENVIRONMENTAL PROGRESS & SUSTAINABLE ENERGY
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Songhyeon Kwon, Chaehoon Kim, Eunhye Han, Hoin Lee, Hae Sung Cho, Minkee Choi
Summary: Zeolites with high Si/Al ratios exhibit enhanced affinity to Cs+ ions, while zeolites containing 8-membered rings show extra-high selectivity for Cs+. In contrast, the affinity of Sr2+ ions to zeolites decreases as the Si/Al ratio increases, and Sr2+ exchange is less dependent on zeolite structures due to strong hydration. The kinetics of Sr2+ exchange is slower than that of Cs+ exchange due to the bulkiness of hydrated Sr2+ ions, with larger micropore channels beneficial for faster exchange kinetics.
JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS
(2021)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Ahmed S. Elshimy, Aref A. Abadel, Hussam Alghamdi, Rabin Tuladhar, Tarek M. El-Sokkary, Hamdy A. Abdel-Gawwad, Moaaz K. Seliem
Summary: This study presents a method for fully recycling dolomite waste in the production of a new cementitious material. By mixing different alkali-activators with dolomite waste powder and curing at room temperature, a wide range of compressive strengths can be achieved. The use of sodium silicate as an activator significantly improves the compressive strengths, while the use of sodium hydroxide results in modest strengths.
ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Igor A. Perovskiy, Dmitry A. Shushkov, Alexey Ponaryadov, Taras L. Panikorovskii, Pavel Krivoshapkin
Summary: An environmentally friendly synthesis procedure has been developed for the effective sorption of strontium and cesium ions. The method minimizes environmental impact by controlling waste water acidity and reusing components in the enrichment process. The new approach allows for the regulation of composition, crystallinity, and sorption properties of the synthesized titanosilicate.
JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL CHEMICAL ENGINEERING
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Analytical
A. Yu Lonin, V. V. Levenets, O. P. Omelnik, A. O. Shchur
Summary: The possibility of using composite sorbents based on natural and synthetic zeolites for a mixture of cesium, strontium, and cobalt cations was investigated. The most effective composite sorbent was a combination of clinoptilolite and NaX zeolite with a ratio of 50% each, showing high sorption capacity for cesium, strontium, and cobalt. A technique based on the PIXE method was developed for qualitative and quantitative assessment of cation content.
JOURNAL OF RADIOANALYTICAL AND NUCLEAR CHEMISTRY
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Muruganantham Rethinasabapathy, Seung Kyu Hwang, Sung-Min Kang, Changhyun Roh, Yun Suk Huh
Summary: Ti3C2Tx/POSS-NH2 exhibited remarkable adsorption capacities, kinetics, and recyclability for Cs+ and Sr2+ ions removal. The material also showed high selectivities for the target ions, suggesting the potential of intercalation strategy in removing radioactive ions from aqueous solutions.
JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS
(2021)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Joseff Renato Mejia-Bernal, Takawira Joseph Mumanga, L. A. Diaz-Torres, Miguel Angel Vallejo-Hernandez, Christian Gomez-Solis
Summary: Alkaline earth metal silicates (MSiO3, M = Ba, Sr, Mg) were prepared by combustion synthesis and evaluated as photocatalysts for the Hydrogen Evolution Reaction under UV light. Among them, MgSiO3 exhibited the highest hydrogen evolution rate, more than three times that of other silicates and TiO2.
Article
Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear
Wenfeng Hao, Nana Yan, Miao Xie, Xiaojun Yan, Xiliang Guo, Pu Bai, Peng Guo, Tao Cheng, Wenfu Yan
Summary: In this work, researchers reported the exceptional selectivity of NaA zeolite towards radioactive Sr-90(2+) and explained its origin through structural refinements and density functional theory calculations. The zeolite showed high capture capacity, fast adsorption kinetics, and broad working pH range, making it a promising material for treating nuclear wastewater. The study also revealed the migration of Sr2+ ions within the zeolite structure during the ion-exchange process.
INORGANIC CHEMISTRY FRONTIERS
(2022)
Article
Nanoscience & Nanotechnology
Jilong Li, Jiance Jin, Yanmin Zou, Haiyan Sun, Xi Zeng, Xiaoying Huang, Meiling Feng, Mercouri G. Kanatzidis
Summary: The composite of layered tin sulfide (FJSM-SnS) and polyacrylonitrile (PAN) shows efficient removal of Cs+ and Sr2+ ions with high selectivity, even under acidic conditions. It has high maximum adsorption capacities and can be recycled and reused while maintaining high removal rates for low-concentration Cs+ and Sr2+ ions.
ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES
(2021)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Liuming Wei, Jingwen Li, Yonggang Li, Qirong Zheng, Fan Cheng, Chuanguo Zhang, Jingyu Li, Gaofeng Zhao, Zhi Zeng
Summary: This study investigates the influence of He-V complexes on H behaviors on different W surfaces using DFT calculations. The results show that H dissolution is most difficult but H trapping is easiest on the W (110) surface, while the opposite is true on the W (111) surface. Moreover, the presence of He-V complexes increases the difficulty of H diffusion from bulk to surface and desorption.
JOURNAL OF NUCLEAR MATERIALS
(2024)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Yan Meng, Song Zeng, Chen Chen, Chaowen Zhu, Huahai Shen, Xiaosong Zhou, Xiaochun Han
Summary: The characteristics of magnetron sputtered Cr coatings vary with different temperature, bias voltage, and pressure. Coatings with random orientation, good crystallinity, and small grain size exhibit favorable oxidation behavior, while coatings with strong (200) texture, poor crystallinity, and large grains have many intrinsic defects that are detrimental to the protection property of the Cr coatings.
JOURNAL OF NUCLEAR MATERIALS
(2024)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Xinyuan Xu, Zefeng Yu, Wei-Ying Chen, Aiping Chen, Arthur Motta, Xing Wang
Summary: This study presents an automated approach for characterizing grain morphology in TEM images recorded during ion irradiation. By combining a machine learning model and a computer vision algorithm, comparable results to human analysis can be achieved with significantly reduced analysis time. Researchers can train their own models following the procedures described in this study to automate grain morphology analysis of their own TEM images.
JOURNAL OF NUCLEAR MATERIALS
(2024)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Shihao Wu, Dong Wang, Yapei Zhang, Koji Okamoto, Marco Pellegrini, Wenxi Tian, Suizheng Qiu, G. H. Su
Summary: The oxidation and degradation mechanisms of Cr coating on Zr alloy cladding under high temperature steam atmosphere are summarized, and a mathematical analysis model is established to predict the changes in coating thickness. The model is applied in the analysis of structure evolution under different conditions.
JOURNAL OF NUCLEAR MATERIALS
(2024)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
V. Diaz-Mena, J. de Prado, M. Roldan, I. Izaguirre, M. Sanchez, M. Rieth, A. Urena
Summary: The brazeability of a cupronickel alloy was evaluated as a filler alloy for high-temperature joining of tungsten to steel. The study investigated the brazing conditions and the impact of the selected filler on the joint quality using numerical software. The results showed different metallurgical interactions and diffusion phenomena between the filler alloy and the base materials at different temperatures. The study emphasized the importance of selecting a suitable filler to mitigate residual stresses in the joints.
JOURNAL OF NUCLEAR MATERIALS
(2024)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Pengcheng Zhu, Yajie Zhao, Yan-Ru Lin, Jean Henry, Steven J. Zinkle
Summary: This study investigates the effect of heavy-ion irradiation on radiation hardening in high-purity binary alloy Fe18Cr. Nanoindentation testing and high-quality TEM imaging were conducted to extract hardness and microstructure information. The strength factor was accurately calculated based on the detailed TEM characterization of irradiated microstructures, and a refined hardening superposition method was applied to quantify the mechanical properties of ion-irradiated materials.
JOURNAL OF NUCLEAR MATERIALS
(2024)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Bin Wu, Haixia Ning, Hanzhen Zhu, Jianjun Chen, Kang Wang, Daiyu Zhang, Fu Wang, Qilong Liao
Summary: This study discusses the effects of ZrO2 and B2O3 on the phase composition and properties of SAP-based glass-ceramics. The results show that ZrO2 addition improves the formation of NZP phase while restricting the crystallization of AlPO4 phases. The correct ratios of ZrO2 and B2O3 allow only the formation of NZP phase within the SAP glass.
JOURNAL OF NUCLEAR MATERIALS
(2024)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Hwasung Yeom, Greg Johnson, Benjamin Maier, Tyler Dabney, Kumar Sridharan
Summary: Cr-Nb bilayer coatings were developed using cold spray deposition to improve the limiting operational temperature of Cr-coated Zr-alloy system. The coatings exhibited outstanding oxidation resistance at high temperatures and formed continuous intermetallic compound layers at the interfaces.
JOURNAL OF NUCLEAR MATERIALS
(2024)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Padhraic L. Mulligan, Andrew T. Nelson, Chad M. Parish, Patrick A. Champlin, Xiang Chen, Daniel Morrall, Jason M. Harp
Summary: Environmental barrier coatings are being developed to reduce oxidation and embrittlement in Zr-based materials. Chromium nitride is a candidate for this application, but understanding its impact on irradiation-induced creep and microstructure is critical.
JOURNAL OF NUCLEAR MATERIALS
(2024)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Dexuan Yan, Xinlei Cao, Ke Shen
Summary: This study investigated the purification mechanism of polycrystalline graphite by comparing IG-11 graphite with IG-110 nuclear grade graphite. The analysis revealed that metallic impurities in IG-11 were primarily segregated within graphite porosities, while IG-110 demonstrated a significant reduction in impurities. This research contributes to the development of innovative graphite purification techniques for greater purity and stronger oxidation resistance.
JOURNAL OF NUCLEAR MATERIALS
(2024)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Wei Xu, Wei Peng, Lei Shi, Qi Sun
Summary: This paper investigates the oxidation and shape evolution of matrix graphite in high temperature gas-cooled reactors during air-ingress accidents. A reaction kinetics model is established and computational fluid dynamics with a dynamic mesh method is used to simulate the oxidation process. The results show that the geometric shape of graphite changes significantly with increasing flow rate, and the graphite pebbles tend to form a structure with a narrow front and wide tail.
JOURNAL OF NUCLEAR MATERIALS
(2024)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Allison Harward, Casey Elliott, Michael Shaltry, Krista Carlson, Tae-Sic Yoo, Guy Fredrickson, Michael Patterson, Michael F. Simpson
Summary: This paper investigates the hygroscopic properties of eutectic LiCl-KCl absorbed into zeolite-4A. The study finds that water absorption and corrosion worsen with increasing salt loading. It also suggests that the salt can be stored in a non-inert atmosphere for a certain period of time.
JOURNAL OF NUCLEAR MATERIALS
(2024)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Takaaki Koyanagi, Xunxiang Hu, Christian M. Petrie, Gyanender Singh, Caen Ang, Christian P. Deck, Weon-Ju Kim, Daejong Kim, James Braun, Yutai Katoh
Summary: This study provides critical experimental data on the effects of irradiation on the hermeticity of SiC composite cladding, finding that irradiation can cause a decrease in hermeticity and cracking, and coating the outer surface can mitigate the cracking issue.
JOURNAL OF NUCLEAR MATERIALS
(2024)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
S. Krat, A. Prishvitsyn, Yu. Gasparyan
Summary: This study proposes a probabilistic and diffusion-based model to describe the co-deposition of multiple hydrogen isotopes with slowly grown metal layers. The model calculates the relative concentrations of different hydrogen isotopes in the co-deposited metal layers. It is found that if hydrogen isotopes have different detrapping energies, only the isotope with the highest detrapping energy shows a monotonic decrease in concentration with deposition temperature. Furthermore, the study evaluates the uncertainty of tritium concentration in the co-deposited layer based on the uncertainty in detrapping energy of tritium and deuterium, predicting a >10% tritium concentration uncertainty for a 0.01 eV difference.
JOURNAL OF NUCLEAR MATERIALS
(2024)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Tijo Vazhappilly, Arup Kumar Pathak
Summary: This study investigates the effect of Ce atom substitution in UO2 on its thermophysical properties using density functional theory. The results show that the Ce substitution levels and the oxidation state of Ce/U atoms strongly influence the band structure and specific heat capacity of the UO2 lattice. These findings provide important insights into the fuel properties of UO2 under reactor conditions.
JOURNAL OF NUCLEAR MATERIALS
(2024)