Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
V Godard, G. E. Tucker
Summary: Assessing the sensitivity of rivers and hillslopes to external forcing is crucial for understanding landscape evolution, with hillslopes modulating landscape dynamics in response to environmental changes.
GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS
(2021)
Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
Guillermo Montero-Martinez
Summary: The study explored the relationships between rain kinetic energy, rainfall amounts, and site altitude based on data collected by an optical disdrometer in Mexico. Results showed that the disdrometer generally estimated higher rainfall amounts compared to rain gauges, and the relationships between rain kinetic energy and rainfall amounts were influenced by both site altitude and raindrop diameter. Moreover, it was found that the force of individual raindrops plays a significant role in soil erosion at higher altitude locations due to the decrease in air pressure and density.
Article
Engineering, Mechanical
Dingkang Xia, Kunpeng Su, Jianhua Wu, Zhiyu Ding
Summary: Ultrasound technology shows promise for wastewater treatment, but faces challenges in industrial application and scaling up, such as ultrasonic horn tip erosion. The synergy between cavitation and solid particle erosion in solid-liquid flow systems remains unclear, and the influence of solids motion is relatively unknown. Through analysis and testing, it was found that synergistic erosion depends on solid particle flux, local solids concentration, and velocity, with higher concentrations and velocities aggravating the erosion. This understanding can contribute to erosion prediction and the optimization of ultrasound applications in wastewater treatment processes.
Article
Engineering, Mechanical
Mostafa H. Sliem, Osama Fayyaz, R. A. Shakoor, Sara Bagheridard, Bilal Mansoor, Aboubakr Abdullah, Adel Mohamed Amer Mohamed
Summary: Three different deposition techniques were used to synthesize NiP-ZrO2 nanocomposite coatings, and their structural and mechanical properties were compared using various characterization methods. It was found that pulse-electrodeposition was the most suitable technique, and the erosion behavior and mechanisms were investigated under different conditions.
TRIBOLOGY INTERNATIONAL
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Mechanical
A. K. Krella
Summary: Different PVD deposition techniques have varying impacts on coating structure and degradation processes, with deposition technique having a higher influence on droplet density than the deposited compound. TiN coatings deposited by CAE-PVD technique have the highest droplet density, while W-based coatings deposited by RMS-PVD technique have the lowest. Cavitation erosion causes phase transformation in the steel substrate and the intensity of this transformation depends on the deposition technique and the density of droplets on the coating surface.
Article
Agronomy
Heleen C. Vos, Isabel G. Karst, Frank D. Eckardt, Wolfgang Fister, Nikolaus J. Kuhn
Summary: This study investigates the vulnerability of different crops to wind erosion in a semi-arid region of South Africa and finds a strong relationship between soil cover and wind erosion risk, with fallow and groundnut fields being the most vulnerable. The study highlights the importance of soil cover management in preventing wind erosion.
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
Ake Zhao, Yuming Wang, Hengqiang Feng, Long Cheng, Xiaolei Li, Qiangwei Cai, Hongbo Li, Guoqing Zhao
Summary: This study investigates the evolution of a magnetic cloud (MC) from the inner heliosphere to the outer heliosphere. Based on observations from the Helios, Wind, and Ulysses spacecraft, the study explores the evolution of some parameters of MCs with decreasing heliodistance. The study finds correlations between the central axial field strength and the radius of the cross section of MCs with heliodistance. Other parameters, such as the angle between the axis of the MC and the Sun-spacecraft line, the expansion velocity, and the poloidal velocity, do not show significant tendencies to increase or decrease with heliodistance. The study also observes a weak decrease in the number of turns of the magnetic field lines per unit length winding around the magnetic flux rope with heliodistance. Furthermore, the axial magnetic flux and the magnetic helicity tend to decrease within 1 au and then remain almost unchanged until 5.5 au. There are no evident differences in the parametric properties of MCs on and outside the ecliptic.
ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL
(2022)
Article
Energy & Fuels
Xin Yang, Hao Zhou, Hao Wu
Summary: A dynamic CFD model with conjugate heat transfer is developed to predict the effect of multiple operation conditions on ash deposition. The model considers particle sticking and erosion, and achieves stable dynamic mesh morphing using a smoothing method. The results show good agreement with experimental observations, and suggest that coarse particles reduce the deposition rate caused by smaller particles via erosion.
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Xin Li, Daoheng Sun, Zaifu Cui, Tao Yang, Qinnan Chen, Gonghan He, Baolin Liu, Zhenyin Hai, Chao Wu, Zong Yao
Summary: This study investigates the influence of spatial distribution of endpoints on the output characteristics of thin film heat flux gauge. Different structures of heat flux gauges show varying sensitivities and dynamic characteristics based on the spatial arrangement of endpoints.
SENSORS AND ACTUATORS A-PHYSICAL
(2021)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Hyung Jeek Kim, Dongseon Kim, Young-Gyu Park, Jong-Yeon Park, Ki-Young Choi, Joon Sang Park, Sung Min An, Kyungman Kwon, Jae Hoon Noh, Jeomshik Hwang
Summary: The impact of dust deposition on organic carbon export was assessed by examining the flux and composition of sinking particles in the northwest Pacific. The study found that dust deposition influenced the flux of sinking particles and that there were correlations between the flux peaks and the composition and rate of dust deposition.
FRONTIERS IN MARINE SCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Ho Seong Hwang, Hong Ju Jung, Jin Goo Kim, Hyeon Su Jeong, Won Jun Lee, Sang Ouk Kim
Summary: This study presents a method for the macroscopic self-assembly of 2D materials into helical screws. The helical screws consist of multiple helices and perversions formed through the spontaneous rotation of 1D fiber assembly of 2D materials. The study also investigates the influence of spontaneous helix formation on the properties of the assembled fibers.
ADVANCED FUNCTIONAL MATERIALS
(2023)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Genya Uzurano, Nao Kuwahara, Tomoki Saito, Akihiko Fujii, Masanori Ozaki
Summary: This study demonstrates a universal strategy to improve the stability of perovskite solar cells by controlling the orientation of 2D perovskite on 3D perovskite, overcoming the trade-off between stability and PCE in 2D/3D heterostructure. The orientation angle of 2D perovskite strongly depends on the predominant crystal orientation of the 3D perovskite template.
ACS MATERIALS LETTERS
(2022)
Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
Yadong Zhang, Zongkun Li, Jianyou Wang, Wei Ge, Xinyan Guo, Te Wang
Summary: Soil infiltration and geomorphic change have an impact on various parameters of dam-break floods, including inundation area, flood depth, velocity, and duration. Considering the influence of soil infiltration and geomorphic change can lead to more accurate assessment of flood consequences and the creation of flood risk maps.
Article
Environmental Sciences
Yaxian Hu, Hui Zhang, Lanlan Du, Xianwen Li, Xiaorong Wei
Summary: This study investigates the impact of different layering patterns on CO2 production and transfer. The results show that thin and thick layers released significantly less CO2 compared to the well-mixed layer. The contribution of C-13-CO2 was also lower in the interlaid layers. The findings indicate that while the interlaid layers did not completely inhibit glucose decomposition, the low diffusivity of the fine layers significantly impeded CO2 transfer.
Article
Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
S. Dupont
Summary: The influence of atmospheric boundary layer stability on dust emission has been debated. Two recent studies provided different explanations for the enrichment of fine particles in dust flux with instability. By analyzing data from 2017, it was found that the first explanation is questionable, while the enhanced turbulence and stochasticity may play a role in the dust emission process.
JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-ATMOSPHERES
(2022)
Article
Physics, Fluids & Plasmas
Ryoko Tatsumi, Alexei Runov, Ralf Schneider, Akiyoshi Hatayama
CONTRIBUTIONS TO PLASMA PHYSICS
(2018)
Article
Optics
Paul Matthias, Gunnar Bandelow, Konstantin Matyash, Julia Duras, Philipp Hacker, Daniel Kahnfeld, Stefan Kemnitz, Lars Lewerentz, Karl F. Lueskow, Juergen Meichsner, Ralf Schneider
EUROPEAN PHYSICAL JOURNAL D
(2018)
Article
Physics, Fluids & Plasmas
J. Schleede, L. Lewerentz, F. X. Bronold, R. Schneider, H. Fehske
PHYSICS OF PLASMAS
(2018)
Article
Instruments & Instrumentation
I. Bizyukov, O. Girka, L. Kaczmarek, M. Klich, M. Myroshnyk, B. Januszewicz, S. Owczarek
NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION B-BEAM INTERACTIONS WITH MATERIALS AND ATOMS
(2018)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Ralf Schneider, Lars Lewerentz, Karl Lueskow, Marc Marschall, Stefan Kemnit
APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL
(2018)
Article
Instruments & Instrumentation
S. S. Herashchenko, O. I. Girka, S. V. Surovitskiy, V. A. Makhlai, S. V. Malykhin, M. O. Myroshnyk, I. O. Bizyukov, N. N. Aksenov, S. S. Borisova, O. A. Bizyukov, I. E. Garkusha
NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION B-BEAM INTERACTIONS WITH MATERIALS AND ATOMS
(2019)
Article
Physics, Fluids & Plasmas
S. Mazouffre, L. Grimaud, S. Tsikata, K. Matyash, R. Schneider
PLASMA SOURCES SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY
(2019)
Article
Physics, Fluids & Plasmas
K. Matyash, R. Schneider, S. Mazouffre, S. Tsikata, L. Grimaud
PLASMA SOURCES SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY
(2019)
Article
Physics, Fluids & Plasmas
Paul Matthias, Daniel Kahnfeld, Stefan Kemnitz, Julia Duras, Norbert Koch, Ralf Schneider
CONTRIBUTIONS TO PLASMA PHYSICS
(2020)
Article
Engineering, Aerospace
Suk H. Yeo, Hideaki Ogawa, Paul Matthias, Daniel Kahnfeld, Ralf Schneider
JOURNAL OF SPACECRAFT AND ROCKETS
(2020)
Review
Engineering, Aerospace
Suk Hyun Yeo, Hideaki Ogawa, Daniel Kahnfeld, Ralf Schneider
Summary: In-space electric propulsion technologies have advanced significantly in the last decade, with particular focus on electrostatic propulsion for small spacecraft platforms. While electrostatic propulsion offers advantages, challenges such as system complexity and wall erosion remain obstacles for miniaturization. New ideas and research efforts are continuously explored to improve performance and overcome these challenges.
PROGRESS IN AEROSPACE SCIENCES
(2021)
Article
Engineering, Aerospace
Suk Hyun Yeo, Hideaki Ogawa, Daniel Kahnfeld, Lars Lewerentz, Ralf Schneider
Summary: This study focuses on the design factors of cusped field thrusters, including magnet geometry and operating conditions, and reveals their relationship with thruster performance.
Article
Physics, Multidisciplinary
Lars Lewerentz, Daniel Kahnfeld, Niklas Schulz, Ralf Heidemann, Ralf Schneider
Summary: Particle-in-Cell (PIC) simulations are used to model the MS4 test thruster of Thales Deutschland, reproducing the experimentally observed emission pattern by considering the magnetic field line structure and plasma dynamics in the near-field region close to the exit.
FRONTIERS IN PHYSICS
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Lars Lewerentz, Ralf Schneider
Summary: One type of ion thruster that has gained attention in recent years is the High Efficiency Multistage Plasma (HEMP) thruster. Optimizing the performance of these thrusters can be challenging due to the complexity of the underlying physics. This paper presents a fast, analytical approach to finding realistic starting points for the magnetic geometry design of HEMP thrusters.
APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL
(2023)
Article
Physics, Fluids & Plasmas
D. Kahnfeld, R. Heidemann, J. Duras, P. Matthias, G. Bandelow, K. Lueskow, S. Kemnitz, K. Matyash, R. Schneider
PLASMA SOURCES SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY
(2018)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Liuming Wei, Jingwen Li, Yonggang Li, Qirong Zheng, Fan Cheng, Chuanguo Zhang, Jingyu Li, Gaofeng Zhao, Zhi Zeng
Summary: This study investigates the influence of He-V complexes on H behaviors on different W surfaces using DFT calculations. The results show that H dissolution is most difficult but H trapping is easiest on the W (110) surface, while the opposite is true on the W (111) surface. Moreover, the presence of He-V complexes increases the difficulty of H diffusion from bulk to surface and desorption.
JOURNAL OF NUCLEAR MATERIALS
(2024)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Yan Meng, Song Zeng, Chen Chen, Chaowen Zhu, Huahai Shen, Xiaosong Zhou, Xiaochun Han
Summary: The characteristics of magnetron sputtered Cr coatings vary with different temperature, bias voltage, and pressure. Coatings with random orientation, good crystallinity, and small grain size exhibit favorable oxidation behavior, while coatings with strong (200) texture, poor crystallinity, and large grains have many intrinsic defects that are detrimental to the protection property of the Cr coatings.
JOURNAL OF NUCLEAR MATERIALS
(2024)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Xinyuan Xu, Zefeng Yu, Wei-Ying Chen, Aiping Chen, Arthur Motta, Xing Wang
Summary: This study presents an automated approach for characterizing grain morphology in TEM images recorded during ion irradiation. By combining a machine learning model and a computer vision algorithm, comparable results to human analysis can be achieved with significantly reduced analysis time. Researchers can train their own models following the procedures described in this study to automate grain morphology analysis of their own TEM images.
JOURNAL OF NUCLEAR MATERIALS
(2024)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Shihao Wu, Dong Wang, Yapei Zhang, Koji Okamoto, Marco Pellegrini, Wenxi Tian, Suizheng Qiu, G. H. Su
Summary: The oxidation and degradation mechanisms of Cr coating on Zr alloy cladding under high temperature steam atmosphere are summarized, and a mathematical analysis model is established to predict the changes in coating thickness. The model is applied in the analysis of structure evolution under different conditions.
JOURNAL OF NUCLEAR MATERIALS
(2024)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
V. Diaz-Mena, J. de Prado, M. Roldan, I. Izaguirre, M. Sanchez, M. Rieth, A. Urena
Summary: The brazeability of a cupronickel alloy was evaluated as a filler alloy for high-temperature joining of tungsten to steel. The study investigated the brazing conditions and the impact of the selected filler on the joint quality using numerical software. The results showed different metallurgical interactions and diffusion phenomena between the filler alloy and the base materials at different temperatures. The study emphasized the importance of selecting a suitable filler to mitigate residual stresses in the joints.
JOURNAL OF NUCLEAR MATERIALS
(2024)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Pengcheng Zhu, Yajie Zhao, Yan-Ru Lin, Jean Henry, Steven J. Zinkle
Summary: This study investigates the effect of heavy-ion irradiation on radiation hardening in high-purity binary alloy Fe18Cr. Nanoindentation testing and high-quality TEM imaging were conducted to extract hardness and microstructure information. The strength factor was accurately calculated based on the detailed TEM characterization of irradiated microstructures, and a refined hardening superposition method was applied to quantify the mechanical properties of ion-irradiated materials.
JOURNAL OF NUCLEAR MATERIALS
(2024)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Bin Wu, Haixia Ning, Hanzhen Zhu, Jianjun Chen, Kang Wang, Daiyu Zhang, Fu Wang, Qilong Liao
Summary: This study discusses the effects of ZrO2 and B2O3 on the phase composition and properties of SAP-based glass-ceramics. The results show that ZrO2 addition improves the formation of NZP phase while restricting the crystallization of AlPO4 phases. The correct ratios of ZrO2 and B2O3 allow only the formation of NZP phase within the SAP glass.
JOURNAL OF NUCLEAR MATERIALS
(2024)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Hwasung Yeom, Greg Johnson, Benjamin Maier, Tyler Dabney, Kumar Sridharan
Summary: Cr-Nb bilayer coatings were developed using cold spray deposition to improve the limiting operational temperature of Cr-coated Zr-alloy system. The coatings exhibited outstanding oxidation resistance at high temperatures and formed continuous intermetallic compound layers at the interfaces.
JOURNAL OF NUCLEAR MATERIALS
(2024)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Padhraic L. Mulligan, Andrew T. Nelson, Chad M. Parish, Patrick A. Champlin, Xiang Chen, Daniel Morrall, Jason M. Harp
Summary: Environmental barrier coatings are being developed to reduce oxidation and embrittlement in Zr-based materials. Chromium nitride is a candidate for this application, but understanding its impact on irradiation-induced creep and microstructure is critical.
JOURNAL OF NUCLEAR MATERIALS
(2024)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Dexuan Yan, Xinlei Cao, Ke Shen
Summary: This study investigated the purification mechanism of polycrystalline graphite by comparing IG-11 graphite with IG-110 nuclear grade graphite. The analysis revealed that metallic impurities in IG-11 were primarily segregated within graphite porosities, while IG-110 demonstrated a significant reduction in impurities. This research contributes to the development of innovative graphite purification techniques for greater purity and stronger oxidation resistance.
JOURNAL OF NUCLEAR MATERIALS
(2024)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Wei Xu, Wei Peng, Lei Shi, Qi Sun
Summary: This paper investigates the oxidation and shape evolution of matrix graphite in high temperature gas-cooled reactors during air-ingress accidents. A reaction kinetics model is established and computational fluid dynamics with a dynamic mesh method is used to simulate the oxidation process. The results show that the geometric shape of graphite changes significantly with increasing flow rate, and the graphite pebbles tend to form a structure with a narrow front and wide tail.
JOURNAL OF NUCLEAR MATERIALS
(2024)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Allison Harward, Casey Elliott, Michael Shaltry, Krista Carlson, Tae-Sic Yoo, Guy Fredrickson, Michael Patterson, Michael F. Simpson
Summary: This paper investigates the hygroscopic properties of eutectic LiCl-KCl absorbed into zeolite-4A. The study finds that water absorption and corrosion worsen with increasing salt loading. It also suggests that the salt can be stored in a non-inert atmosphere for a certain period of time.
JOURNAL OF NUCLEAR MATERIALS
(2024)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Takaaki Koyanagi, Xunxiang Hu, Christian M. Petrie, Gyanender Singh, Caen Ang, Christian P. Deck, Weon-Ju Kim, Daejong Kim, James Braun, Yutai Katoh
Summary: This study provides critical experimental data on the effects of irradiation on the hermeticity of SiC composite cladding, finding that irradiation can cause a decrease in hermeticity and cracking, and coating the outer surface can mitigate the cracking issue.
JOURNAL OF NUCLEAR MATERIALS
(2024)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
S. Krat, A. Prishvitsyn, Yu. Gasparyan
Summary: This study proposes a probabilistic and diffusion-based model to describe the co-deposition of multiple hydrogen isotopes with slowly grown metal layers. The model calculates the relative concentrations of different hydrogen isotopes in the co-deposited metal layers. It is found that if hydrogen isotopes have different detrapping energies, only the isotope with the highest detrapping energy shows a monotonic decrease in concentration with deposition temperature. Furthermore, the study evaluates the uncertainty of tritium concentration in the co-deposited layer based on the uncertainty in detrapping energy of tritium and deuterium, predicting a >10% tritium concentration uncertainty for a 0.01 eV difference.
JOURNAL OF NUCLEAR MATERIALS
(2024)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Tijo Vazhappilly, Arup Kumar Pathak
Summary: This study investigates the effect of Ce atom substitution in UO2 on its thermophysical properties using density functional theory. The results show that the Ce substitution levels and the oxidation state of Ce/U atoms strongly influence the band structure and specific heat capacity of the UO2 lattice. These findings provide important insights into the fuel properties of UO2 under reactor conditions.
JOURNAL OF NUCLEAR MATERIALS
(2024)
