Review
Health Care Sciences & Services
Anna Carotenuto, Enea Traini, Angiola Maria Fasanaro, Gopi Battineni, Francesco Amenta
Summary: The study found that neuropsychological tests conducted via telemedicine showed high reliability and comparable results to traditional face-to-face tests. The main screening test for dementia, MMSE, can be administered through telemedicine with minor adaptation in the scoring system.
JOURNAL OF PERSONALIZED MEDICINE
(2021)
Review
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Syuichi Tetsuka
Summary: Depression and dementia are common neuropsychiatric disorders in older adults, with distinct differences in their presentation, diagnosis, and treatment approaches. It is crucial to differentiate between the two in clinical practice to provide appropriate care. Early recognition of common symptoms and prompt diagnosis of depression in dementia patients are essential for effective treatment.
Article
Audiology & Speech-Language Pathology
Larry E. Humes
Summary: This study focused on comparing older adults who complied and did not comply with clinical recommendations for hearing-aid acquisition. Findings indicated significant differences between adherents and nonadherents in perceived difficulties, expectations, and reactions to hearing difficulties. Additionally, those who returned their hearing aids tended to have poorer aided outcomes.
Article
Neurosciences
Xiang Gao, Yuhong Li, Zuoli Sun, Hong Xu, Guangwei Ma, Qi Deng, Claire X. Zhang, Rena Li
Summary: Alpha-Klotho is known for its aging-related functions and has been implicated in neurodegenerative diseases, accelerated aging, premature morbidity, and mortality. Recent studies also suggest its involvement in mental functions regulation, particularly cognition and psychosis. By exploring the potential common underlying mechanisms, it is hypothesized that Alpha-Klotho might serve as a neurobiological link between depression and dementia through the regulation of oxidative stress and inflammation.
MOLECULAR NEUROBIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Marco Canevelli, Lindsay M. K. Wallace, Giuseppe Bruno, Matteo Cesari, Kenneth Rockwood, David D. Ward
Summary: Frailty is associated with cognitive expression of neuropsychological deficits in older adults, as found in the analysis of data from three large cohort studies. Among participants with higher frailty levels, there was a stronger negative association between neuropsychological deficits and cognitive performance.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF NEUROLOGY
(2023)
Review
Virology
Amalia Cornea, Irina Lata, Mihaela Simu, Elena Cecilia Rosca
Summary: The use of modern combined antiretroviral treatment has decreased the incidence of HIV-associated dementia. Cognitive impairments, such as deficits in cognitive processing speed, attention, and memory, are common in people living with HIV. As HIV patients age and have more comorbidities and treatments, the prevalence and complexity of cognitive impairment are expected to increase. Currently, there is no specific intervention for managing cognitive impairment in HIV patients.
Article
Neurosciences
Seyul Kwak, Hairin Kim, Hoyoung Kim, Yoosik Youm, Jeanyung Chey
Summary: This study identified the optimal combination of functional connectivities that predict neuropsychological test scores, showing that connectivity-based predicted scores can track actual behavioral test scores effectively. Models utilizing most of the connectivity features demonstrated better accuracy than those using focal connectivity features, indicating a largely distributed neural basis across multiple brain systems.
HUMAN BRAIN MAPPING
(2021)
Article
Neurosciences
Angelique A. A. Gruters, Inez H. G. B. Ramakers, Annemarie P. M. Stiekema, Frans R. J. Verhey, Roy P. C. Kessels, Marjolein E. de Vugt
Summary: A web-based visual tool was developed to improve understanding and information retention of neuropsychological results, as well as psychologist-patient communication. The tool was optimized through an iterative approach and pilot study, with psychologists rating its usability highly. Feedback from patients, family members, and psychologists indicated the value of the visual display in clinical practice.
JOURNAL OF ALZHEIMERS DISEASE
(2021)
Review
Psychology, Clinical
Harry Costello, Jonathan P. Roiser, Robert Howard
Summary: Depression in dementia is common and has negative effects on patients and carers. Antidepressants are widely used but lack evidence of efficacy, and may be harmful. More research is needed to understand why antidepressants are ineffective in dementia and to find new treatment targets. Clinicians continue to prescribe antidepressants, but novel approaches are needed to identify effective treatments for depression in dementia.
PSYCHOLOGICAL MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Qiong Wang, Shuai Zhou, Jingya Zhang, Qing Wang, Fangfang Hou, Xiao Han, Guodong Shen, Yan Zhang
Summary: A risk assessment tool for mild cognitive impairment (MCI) was developed and validated in this study, focusing on modifiable factors and risk stratification. Nine modifiable risk factors were selected and the tool's performance was verified using cross-sectional and longitudinal datasets from a Chinese elderly cohort. The tool has significant public health implications for the primary prevention of MCI in elderly individuals in China.
JOURNAL OF EPIDEMIOLOGY AND COMMUNITY HEALTH
(2023)
Article
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Jean K. Ho, Daniel A. Nation
Summary: This study operationalized neuropsychological decline in older adults and found that it can predict future dementia, providing valuable information for prognosis and clinical decision-making.
FRONTIERS IN AGING NEUROSCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Pediatrics
Esther C. Kip, Michael Udedi, Kazione Kulisewa, Vivian F. Go, Bradley N. Gaynes
Summary: This study aimed to assess the psychosocial challenges faced by HIV-positive adolescents in Malawi. The findings revealed the themes of stigma and discrimination within communities and families, as well as non-adherence to medication, and their impact on the mental health and treatment adherence of HIV-positive adolescents.
Article
Clinical Neurology
Maria-Aikaterini Mandyla, Mary Yannakoulia, Georgios Hadjigeorgiou, Efthimios Dardiotis, Nikolaos Scarmeas, Mary H. Kosmidis
Summary: The study investigated the utility of traditional neuropsychological tests in older uneducated/illiterate individuals without dementia and found that these tests may not be appropriate for this group, with the cohort being at a disadvantage on most variables.
JOURNAL OF THE INTERNATIONAL NEUROPSYCHOLOGICAL SOCIETY
(2022)
Article
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Jiahao Zhu, Dan Zhou, Yaoyao Nie, Jing Wang, Ye Yang, Dingwan Chen, Min Yu, Yingjun Li
Summary: This study used genome-wide association study summary data to examine the bidirectional causal relationship between frailty and depression. The findings provide evidence that higher genetic liability to frailty is associated with an increased risk of depression, and improving balance, muscle strength, and physical activity may be beneficial in both conditions.
JOURNAL OF CACHEXIA SARCOPENIA AND MUSCLE
(2023)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Radia Zeghari, Rachid Guerchouche, Minh Tran-Duc, Francois Bremond, Kai Langel, Inez Ramakers, Nathalie Amiel, Maria Pascale Lemoine, Vincent Bultingaire, Valeria Manera, Philippe Robert, Alexandra Konig
Summary: With limited access to diagnosis and care in rural isolated areas, telemedicine platforms have become increasingly important during the pandemic. This study focuses on the feasibility of remote neuropsychological assessment for older adults with cognitive complaints. The results show high agreement between remote and face-to-face assessments, although differences in test performances were observed.
Article
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Annie L. Nguyen, Mariam A. Hussain, Elizabeth Pasipanodya, Anna A. Rubtsova, Raeanne C. Moore, Dilip Jeste, David J. Moore
Summary: This study investigated the relationship between stress, psychological resources, and proactive behaviors with the quality of life of people living with HIV. The findings indicate that stress has a negative impact on life satisfaction, successful aging, and depressive symptoms, while psychological resources and proactive behaviors have a positive influence on quality of life.
AGING & MENTAL HEALTH
(2023)
Article
Psychology, Clinical
Laura M. Campbell, Jessica L. Montoya, Pariya L. Fazeli, Maria J. Marquine, Ronald J. Ellis, Dilip Jeste, David J. Moore, Raeanne C. Moore
Summary: This study explores the association between modifiable lifestyle factors (physical activity and nutrition) and health-related quality of life (HRQOL) in people with HIV (PWH). The results suggest that both physical activity and nutrition are independently related to better physical HRQOL. Nutrition also moderates the association between health status and physical HRQOL. The findings highlight the importance of targeting both physical activity and nutrition in interventions to improve physical HRQOL in PWH.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BEHAVIORAL MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Lillian Ham, Bin Tang, Maulika Kohli, Dilip Jeste, Igor Grant, David J. Moore
Summary: Positive psychological attributes have an association with better health outcomes, and their impact differs between people with HIV and HIV-uninfected individuals. Internal strengths increased over time in people with HIV, while socioemotional support did not significantly change in either group. Lower internal strengths and worse socioemotional support were related to greater depressive symptoms.
Article
Immunology
Xiaoying Yu, Judith D. D. Lobo, Erin Sundermann, Darren J. J. Baker, Russell P. P. Tracy, George A. A. Kuchel, Kathryn E. E. Stephenson, Scott L. L. Letendre, Bruce Brew, Lucette A. A. Cysique, Sannisha K. K. Dale, Chelsie Wallen, Ken M. M. Kunisaki, Giovanni Guaraldi, Jovana Milic, Alan Winston, David J. J. Moore, Joseph B. B. Margolick, Kristine M. M. Erlandson
Summary: This article summarizes the key oral presentations from the 12th Annual International Workshop on HIV and Aging, providing insights into the challenges and opportunities of HIV and aging research under the COVID-19 pandemic. The workshop enriched our understanding of HIV and aging, identified the impact of COVID-19 on HIV communities, and offered future research directions.
AIDS RESEARCH AND HUMAN RETROVIRUSES
(2023)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Erik D. Storholm, Wenjing Huang, Adedotun Ogunbajo, Keith J. Horvath, Cathy J. Reback, Jill Blumenthal, David J. Moore, Risa P. Flynn, Robert K. Bolan, Katya C. Corado, Sheldon R. Morris
Summary: Gender-based violence has a significant impact on the use and persistence of HIV pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) among transgender and nonbinary individuals. Experience of gender-based violence and higher PTSD symptoms are associated with lower PrEP uptake and early discontinuation.
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Lillian Ham, Jessica L. Montoya, Vanessa Serrano, Samantha Yeager, Dafna Paltin, Elizabeth C. Pasipanodya, Maria J. Marquine, Martin Hoenigl, Christian B. Ramers, John Kua, David J. Moore
Summary: Black/African American communities are disproportionately affected by HIV, with poorer outcomes and higher psychosocial burden. A culturally adapted intervention was implemented to improve ART adherence among Black PWH. Psychosocial risk factors were identified and influenced intervention engagement and health outcomes. The iTAB intervention shows promise for Black PWH with low to moderate psychosocial burden.
AIDS PATIENT CARE AND STDS
(2023)
Article
Immunology
Roger C. McIntosh, Uraina S. Clark, Mariana Cherner, Lucette A. Cysique, Robert K. Heaton, Jules Levin, Robert H. Remien, April Thames, David J. Moore, Leah H. Rubin
Summary: In the fifth decade of the HIV epidemic, CNS complications remain a burden for people with HIV. The underlying pathophysiology and treatment options are limited, highlighting the need to reexamine current approaches. At a recent conference, the Neurobehavioral Working Group discussed challenges in determining CNS complications, the heterogeneity of such complications, and potential solutions for examining integrated biotypes.
JOURNAL OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2023)
Article
Psychiatry
Ilex Beltran-Najera, Andrea Mustafa, Desmond Warren, Zach Salling, Maria Misiura, Steven Paul Woods, Vonetta M. Dotson
Summary: This study aimed to determine the frequency and everyday functioning implications of vascular depression among people living with HIV. The results showed that HIV infection was associated with a three-fold increased risk of vascular depression, and PLWH with vascular depression had significantly greater odds of dependence in everyday functioning. This study highlights the clinical importance of understanding vascular depression in the context of HIV disease.
JOURNAL OF PSYCHIATRIC RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Steven Paul Woods, Andrea Mustafa, Ilex Beltran-Najera, Anastasia Matchanova, Jennifer L. Thompson, Natalie C. Ridgely
Summary: This study examines the frequency and extent of effect size reporting in neuropsychology journal articles. The findings show increases in effect size reporting in the Methods and Results sections, but no significant changes in the Abstract, Introduction, and Discussion sections. Authors in neuropsychology journals have improved effect size reporting in the core sections, but still need to consider these metrics in motivating study hypotheses and interpreting their findings.
JOURNAL OF THE INTERNATIONAL NEUROPSYCHOLOGICAL SOCIETY
(2023)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Andrea I. Mustafa, Steven Paul Woods, Shayne Loft, Erin E. Morgan
Summary: This study found that cognitive intraindividual variability is associated with prospective memory performance and symptoms among people living with HIV. The findings suggest that variability in cognitive test results is related to laboratory-based prospective memory accuracy, but has a weak relationship with self-reported prospective memory symptoms.
JOURNAL OF THE INTERNATIONAL NEUROPSYCHOLOGICAL SOCIETY
(2023)
Article
Substance Abuse
Tanya Smit, Nubia A. A. Mayorga, Andrew H. H. Rogers, Steven P. P. Woods, Luke F. F. Heggeness, Brooke Y. Y. Kauffman, Lorra Garey, Michael J. J. Zvolensky
Summary: Past research has established a link between negative mood and opioid misuse/dependence, but the underlying mechanisms have not been scientifically investigated. This study highlights the importance of anxiety sensitivity in understanding the relationship between negative mood and opioid use among adults with chronic pain.
SUBSTANCE USE & MISUSE
(2023)
Article
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Steven Paul Woods, Antonio L. Teixeira, Lais B. Martins, Gabriel R. Fries, Gabriela D. Colpo, Natalia P. Rocha
Summary: The number of older persons with HIV (PWH) disease has significantly increased in the past 20 years, but our understanding of the biological factors and clinical correlates in this population remains limited. A study was conducted involving 149 individuals aged 50 and older, including 107 PWH and 42 seronegatives. Results showed that PWH had higher levels of epigenetic aging acceleration compared to seronegatives on four indicators. Furthermore, higher levels of epigenetic aging acceleration were associated with lower CD4 count, AIDS diagnoses, higher scores on the Veterans Aging Cohort Study Index, lower telomere values, and lower health literacy among PWH. It was concluded that PWH experience accelerated aging, which may be linked to immune compromise and all-cause mortality risk. Improving health literacy could help mitigate the risk of accelerated aging among older PWH.
Article
Psychology, Multidisciplinary
Anastasia Matchanova, Steven Paul Woods, Clayton Neighbors, Luis D. D. Medina, Kenneth Podell, Ilex Beltran-Najera, Christina Alex, Michelle A. A. Babicz, Jennifer L. L. Thompson
Summary: The online spread of COVID-19 misinformation has had negative effects on public health and society. This study examined the differences in discernment and sharing of COVID-19 misinformation between older and younger adults, as well as the role of cognitive abilities and health literacy. The findings suggest that headline accuracy judgment, numeracy, and verbal IQ are significant factors in the sharing of COVID-19 misinformation.
CURRENT PSYCHOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Elliott Michael Gomez, Steven Paul Woods, Ilex Beltran-Najera
Summary: This study examines the association between health literacy and successful aging among people with HIV (PWH). Results suggest that higher health literacy is associated with a higher frequency of successful aging among older PWH. Older PWH are less likely to experience successful aging compared to older adults without HIV. Future studies may explore whether improving health literacy among younger PWH increases the likelihood of successful aging.
Article
Psychology, Experimental
Yenifer L. Morales Mejia, Jennifer L. Thompson, Steven Paul Woods
Summary: Deficits in episodic verbal memory are commonly observed in persons with HIV disease, which impact everyday functioning. This study investigated deficits in episodic visual memory in HIV patients and found that encoding deficits were the primary issue. Factors related to other cognitive impairments in HIV patients include motor coordination and executive functions.
PERCEPTUAL AND MOTOR SKILLS
(2023)
