Review
Oncology
Jing Wang, Yongqiang Sha, Tao Sun
Summary: RNA methylation, particularly N(6)-methyladenosine (m(6)A), plays a crucial role in brain development, neurogenesis, and gliogenesis by regulating neural stem cells and their differentiation into neurons, glial cells, and astrocytes. Dysregulation of RNA methylation has been associated with brain tumor formation, highlighting its potential as a diagnostic and treatment target.
FRONTIERS IN ONCOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Lua Reis, Marilena Raciti, Patricia Gonzalez Rodriguez, Bertrand Joseph, Ibrahim Al Rayyes, Per Uhlen, Anna Falk, Suzana Telles da Cunha Lima, Sandra Ceccatelli
Summary: This study evaluated the long-term effects of subcytotoxic concentrations of GBH and GLY on the differentiation of human neuroepithelial stem cells (NES). It was found that GBH induced abnormal cellular differentiation, including immature neuronal profiles and a shift towards glial cell fate. These effects were associated with dysregulation of key genes involved in neurogenesis.
ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY
(2022)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Izabela Suster, Yue Feng
Summary: miRNAs, small non-coding RNAs that silence genes, have been extensively studied in brain development, with focus on their regulation at transcriptional and posttranscriptional levels. Imbalance of miRNAs in neuronal and glial cells is associated with developmental brain disorders.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2021)
Article
Oncology
Sophie Engelhardt, Felix Behling, Rudi Beschorner, Franziska Eckert, Patricia Kohlhof, Marcos Tatagiba, Ghazaleh Tabatabai, Martin U. Schuhmann, Martin Ebinger, Jens Schittenhelm
Summary: FGFR1 hotspot mutations are the fifth most prevailing alteration in LGG/MNGT. Performing FGFR1 sequencing analysis in driver-unknown low-grade brain tumors could yield up to 12% FGFR1 N546/K656 mutant cases.
JOURNAL OF CANCER RESEARCH AND CLINICAL ONCOLOGY
(2022)
Review
Neurosciences
Qiyuan Zhuang, Hui Yang, Ying Mao
Summary: Glioma, the most common and lethal primary brain tumor, is highly heterogeneous and its cell state, including glioma stem cells, microglia, neurons, and immune cells, play crucial roles in tumor initiation, progression, and response to therapy.
NEUROSCIENCE BULLETIN
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Varun Venkataramani, Yvonne Yang, Marc Cicero Schubert, Ekin Reyhan, Svenja Kristin Tetzlaff, Niklas Wissmann, Michael Botz, Stella Judith Soyka, Carlo Antonio Beretta, Rangel Lyubomirov Pramatarov, Laura Fankhauser, Luciano Garofano, Alexander Freudenberg, Julia Wagner, Dimitar Ivanov Tanev, Miriam Ratliff, Ruifan Xie, Tobias Kessler, Dirk C. Hoffmann, Ling Hai, Yvette Doerflinger, Simone Hoppe, Yahaya A. Yabo, Anna Golebiewska, Simone P. Niclou, Felix Sahm, Anna Lasorella, Martin Slowik, Leif Doering, Antonio Iavarone, Wolfgang Wick, Thomas Kuner, Frank Winkler
Summary: A subpopulation of glioblastoma cells lacking connections with other tumor cells and astrocytes but receiving synaptic input from neurons drives whole-brain colonization. These cells resemble neuronal and neural-progenitor-like states and invade the brain using mechanisms similar to neuronal migration. Neuronal activity induces calcium signals, leading to the formation of tumor microtubes and increased invasion speed. This study reveals how neuronal mechanisms govern glioblastoma cell invasion and explains the close interlink between tumor dissemination and cellular heterogeneity.
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Apeng Chen, Yinan Jiang, Zhengwei Li, Lingxiang Wu, Ulises Santiago, Han Zou, Chunhui Cai, Vaibhav Sharma, Yongchang Guan, Lauren H. McCarl, Jie Ma, Yijen L. Wu, Joshua Michel, Yi Shi, Liza Konnikova, Nduka M. Amankulor, Pascal O. Zinn, Gary Kohanbash, Sameer Agnihotri, Songjian Lu, Xinghua Lu, Dandan Sun, George K. Gittes, Qianghu Wang, Xiangwei Xiao, Dean Yimlamai, Ian F. Pollack, Carlos J. Camacho, Baoli Hu
Summary: The CHI3L1 signaling pathway plays a crucial role in modulating the immune suppression microenvironment in glioblastoma by affecting tumor-associated macrophages. Gal3BP competes with Gal3 to bind CHI3L1, thus negatively regulating the immune evasion process. Administering a Gal3BP mimetic peptide in mouse models can reverse immune suppression and slow tumor progression.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL INVESTIGATION
(2021)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Aishwarya Balasankar, Shu-Yi Claire Chan, Venkata Pakala Sudheer Babu, Gary Yam, Goh Bee Tin, Shweta Singhal
Summary: Dental pulp stem cells (DPSCs) derived from the neural crest are easily accessible MSCs that have potential for retinal therapy. This study shows that DPSCs maintain their mesenchymal phenotype and upregulate retinal markers under differentiation conditions. However, current markers are inadequate for isolating neural crest cells in DPSCs, highlighting the need for more specific markers.
FRONTIERS IN MEDICINE
(2022)
Review
Materials Science, Biomaterials
Yuan Pan, Michelle Monje
Summary: Brain tumors are devastating diseases that depend on the interaction between tumor-intrinsic oncogenic programs and extrinsic microenvironmental factors, including neurons and glial cells. Cancer cells in the brain can utilize neuron-glial interactions to support tumor progression, and understanding these interactions can provide potential therapeutic targets.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Marek Mazurek, Radoslaw Rola
Summary: Gliomas, the most common intracranial malignancies, often have poor prognosis due to their invasiveness, tendency to relapse, and resistance to traditional treatment methods. Nitric oxide (NO) metabolism plays a crucial role in glioma development and treatment, particularly in its effects on stem cells and immune mechanisms.
NEUROCHEMISTRY INTERNATIONAL
(2021)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Zhenghui He, Lijian Lang, Jiyuan Hui, Yuxiao Ma, Chun Yang, Weiji Weng, Jialin Huang, Xiongfei Zhao, Xiaoqi Zhang, Qian Liang, Jiyao Jiang, Junfeng Feng
Summary: This study found that around 7 days after TBI in mice, the subacute phase could encourage more neuronal differentiation after transplantation. The autophagy flux played a critical role in regulating neuronal differentiation and could be a potential target to improve the efficacy of transplantation in the early phase.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MEDICINE
(2022)
Article
Oncology
Jinpeng Hu, Guoqing Zhang, Yongfeng Wang, Kai Xu, Lian Chen, Gang Luo, Jinkun Xu, Hao Li, Dongmei Pei, Xiang Zhao, Zhengting Guo, Xinqiao Li, Shengliang Zong, Yang Jiang, Zhitao Jing
Summary: This study identifies a novel circular RNA, circGNB1, which is upregulated in glioma and closely associated with poor prognosis. Functional assays reveal that circGNB1 overexpression promotes the viability, proliferation, invasion, and neurosphere formation of glioma stem cells. Mechanistically, circGNB1 upregulates the expression of oncogene XPR1 by sponging miR-515-5p and miR-582-3p. XPR1, in turn, promotes the malignant phenotype of glioma stem cells through upregulating IL6 expression and activating JAK2/STAT3 signaling. Additionally, the RNA binding protein IGF2BP3 binds to and stabilizes circGNB1, thus enhancing its effects on glioma stem cells. This study uncovers the crucial role of circGNB1 in tumorigenesis and malignant progression of glioma, providing a promising cancer biomarker.
CANCER CELL INTERNATIONAL
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Jin-Kyoung Shim, Seung Hoon Lim, Ji Hye Jeong, Ran Joo Choi, Yoojung Oh, Junseong Park, Sunghee Choi, Junpyo Hong, Seo Jin Kim, Ju Hyung Moon, Eui Hyun Kim, Wan-Yee Teo, Bong Jin Park, Jong Hee Chang, Jae-Ha Ryu, Seok-Gu Kang
Summary: The lignan DFS inhibits the proliferation of GBM tumorspheres by suppressing FOXM1, suggesting its potential as a therapeutic agent for GBM.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2022)
Review
Clinical Neurology
Sheila Alcantara Llaguno, Luis F. Parada
Summary: Recent studies have revealed the complexity of glioma cancer stem cells (CSCs), including developmental origins, plasticity, cellular states, and interactions with the microenvironment. These cells exhibit diverse transcriptional cellular states, susceptible to transitions, playing important roles in treatment resistance and immune evasion.
CURRENT OPINION IN NEUROLOGY
(2021)
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Adriana Sanna, Bengt Phung, Shamik Mitra, Martin Lauss, Jiyeon Choi, Tongwu Zhang, Ching-Ni Njauw, Eugenia Cordero, Katja Harbst, Frida Rosengren, Rita Cabrita, Iva Johansson, Karolin Isaksson, Christian Ingvar, Ana Carneiro, Kevin Brown, Hensin Tsao, My Andersson, Kristian Pietras, Goran Jonsson
Summary: Cellular stress contributes to the phenotype switching of melanoma cells, and this is associated with the loss of specific gene expression and increased expression of mesenchymal markers. The loss of microphthalmia-associated transcription factor (MITF) and SRY-box transcription factor 10 (SOX10) is related to this process, and their loss is associated with promoter hypermethylation and poor patient survival.