Article
Chemistry, Analytical
Shouyan Chen, Mingyan Zhang, Xiaofen Yang, Zhijia Zhao, Tao Zou, Xinqi Sun
Summary: This paper discusses the applicable rules of Global-Attention and Self-Attention in SER classification construction, and proposes a new classifier model with an accuracy of 85.427% on the EMO-DB dataset.
Article
Computer Science, Artificial Intelligence
Thanh-Son Nguyen, Zhengxuan Wu, Desmond C. Ong
Summary: The paper investigates the capability of attention mechanisms in deep neural network models to focus on semantically meaningful words. Through experiments, it is found that words receiving higher attention weights tend to have greater emotional semantic meaning in the model. Experimental results using pre-trained word embeddings suggest that models achieving human-level performance may learn to place greater attention on words with semantic meaning to the task at hand.
KNOWLEDGE-BASED SYSTEMS
(2021)
Article
Computer Science, Artificial Intelligence
Ajwa Aslam, Allah Bux Sargano, Zulfiqar Habib
Summary: In recent years, there has been a growing interest in multimodal sentiment analysis and emotion recognition due to its practical applications. This paper introduces a novel framework called AMSAER to address the challenges of working with multiple modalities. The proposed framework achieves notable performance improvement in sentiment analysis and emotion classification compared to state-of-the-art methods, with accuracy reaching 85% and 93% respectively.
APPLIED SOFT COMPUTING
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Anna Eiserbeck, Martin Maier, Julia Baum, Rasha Abdel Rahman
Summary: This study investigates the impact of the belief that depicted persons are real or deepfakes on human face perception. The results show that presumed deepfake smiles elicit lower positive ratings and slower evaluations, while presumed real smiles trigger canonical emotion effects. These findings contribute to the understanding of the societal implications of AI-generated content.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2023)
Article
Computer Science, Artificial Intelligence
F. Javier Otamendi
Summary: The aim of this study is to develop an intelligent automatic facial expression recognition and emotion analysis algorithm that characterizes and compares the emotional reactions of individuals using biosensors. The proposed algorithm, based on statistical process control theory, proves to be effective in recognizing and comparing emotions.
EXPERT SYSTEMS WITH APPLICATIONS
(2022)
Article
Psychology, Developmental
Kenn L. Dela Cruz, Caroline M. Kelsey, Xin Tong, Tobias Grossmann
Summary: The current longitudinal study examined maternal facial emotion recognition and infant affect-based attention using eye-tracking at different ages. The results showed consistent maternal responses to angry facial expressions, indicating a trait-like response to social threat among mothers. However, neither maternal responses to happy or fearful facial expressions nor infants' responses to all three facial emotions showed such consistency, suggesting the changeable nature of facial emotion processing, especially in infants. The study also found dynamic changes in infants' attention to negative emotions and limited evidence for developmental continuity in processing negative emotions and the bidirectional interplay of infant affect-biased attention and maternal facial emotion recognition.
INFANT BEHAVIOR & DEVELOPMENT
(2023)
Article
Computer Science, Artificial Intelligence
Xin-Cheng Wen, Kun-Hong Liu, Yan Luo, Jiaxin Ye, Liyan Chen
Summary: This study proposes a Capsule Network with Two-Way Attention Mechanism (TWACapsNet) for the Speech Emotion Recognition (SER) problem. Experimental results demonstrate that the proposed method outperforms other neural network models on multiple SER datasets, and the combination of the two ways contributes to the higher and more stable performance of TWACapsNet.
Article
Neurosciences
Don M. Tucker, Phan Luu
Summary: The cortical connectivity of the primate is well-defined by the Structural Model, with adjacent areas interconnected in a hierarchical network. The computational active inference theory aligns with this architecture, suggesting predictions descend from higher areas and are updated by prediction errors from lower sensory and motor areas. The limbic networks at the top of the hierarchy organize expectancies, with dual limbic divisions reflecting different neural mechanisms for expectancy management, providing top-down and stimulus-bound attentional control.
Article
Psychology, Experimental
Ariana A. Castro, John E. Hummel, Howard Berenbaum
Summary: This study examined the impact of emotional information on analogical reasoning. It was hypothesized that task-irrelevant emotional information would impair performance while task-relevant emotional information would enhance it. Study 1 utilized a novel analogical reasoning task and found that emotional faces that were relevant to the task improved accuracy but slowed down response times, whereas irrelevant emotional faces led to faster but less accurate responses. Study 2 further explored the effects of working memory load on emotional faces and found that high working memory load conditions replicated the results of Study 1, with increased accuracy on emotion-relevant trials. The LISA model provided simulations that explained the influence of emotional stimuli on reasoning performance.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Michael K. Yeung
Summary: The study examined the neurocognitive effects of threatening facial expressions on three attention processes using the emotional Attention Network Test (ANT) and functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS). Results showed that threatening facial cues had different effects on the alerting, orienting, and executive control processes, particularly in the context of conflict. This study provides essential insights into the impact of various attributes of threatening faces on attention.
Review
Psychology, Experimental
Patrick J. F. Clarke, Jemma Todd
Summary: This paper discusses the importance of attention control in emotion models and research findings regarding the Attention Control Scale (ACS). The meta-analytic results suggest that there is little compelling evidence that responding on the ACS reflects genuine attention control abilities, as the scale is not significantly associated with objective measures of attention control.
COGNITION & EMOTION
(2021)
Article
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Shaadee Samimy, Heena R. Manglani, Stephanie Fountain-Zaragoza, Rebecca Andridge, Ruchika Shaurya Prakash
Summary: Research on four-week mindfulness-based attention training and lifestyle education for older adults showed that baseline working memory moderated the effects of training on attention and emotion regulation, with potential implications for identifying aging cohorts that may benefit most from this type of training.
AGING & MENTAL HEALTH
(2022)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Lele Chen, Tian Po Oei, Renlai Zhou
Summary: This study aimed to investigate the modulatory effects of transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) on the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC) and its impact on cognitive reappraisal and emotion regulation. The findings demonstrated that tDCS can enhance DLPFC activity, facilitating emotion regulation and increasing cognitive control.
JOURNAL OF AFFECTIVE DISORDERS
(2023)
Article
Psychology, Experimental
Caitlin A. Sisk, Yi Ni Toh, Jihyang Jun, Roger W. Remington, Vanessa G. Lee
Summary: The interaction between emotion and attention is complex. Concerns about COVID-19 only negatively affect attention when they manifest as task-unrelated thoughts.
COGNITIVE RESEARCH-PRINCIPLES AND IMPLICATIONS
(2022)
Article
Neurosciences
Pengwei Zhang, Chongdan Min, Kangjia Zhang, Wen Xue, Jingxia Chen
Summary: Inspired by neuroscience research, a new EEG-based human emotion classification model named R2G-ST-BiLSTM is proposed, achieving higher accuracy in emotion recognition. The model uses a hierarchical neural network, introduces a regional attention mechanism and domain discriminator, learning discriminative spatiotemporal features.
FRONTIERS IN NEUROSCIENCE
(2021)
Article
Neurosciences
Natalie Kohler, Giacomo Novembre, Katarzyna Gugnowska, Peter E. Keller, Arno Villringer, Daniela Sammler
Summary: Joint music performance requires flexible sensorimotor coordination between self and other, influenced by shared knowledge and temporal synchrony. A study found that pianists who practiced their partner's part showed stronger activity and connectivity within cortico-cerebellar audio-motor networks, indicating internal model simulation and anticipation of partner's feedback. However, when there were subtle asynchronies between model-based anticipations and perceived sensory outcomes of partner actions, pianists exhibited stronger cerebellar activity and reduced behavioral adaptation, indicating a shift towards self-other segregation.
Article
Clinical Neurology
Jan Mehnert, Hauke Basedau, Lisa-Marie Sturm, Trine Nielsen, Rigmor Hojland Jensen, Arne May
Summary: This study used non-invasive functional magnetic resonance imaging to map the functional representations of the trigeminal and greater occipital nerves in the human brainstem, thalamus, and insula. The results showed a somatotopic arrangement of the trigeminal branches along the perioral-periauricular axis and co-localization of the greater occipital nerve with V1 in the lower part of the brainstem. This provides anatomical evidence for a functional inter-inhibitory network between the trigeminal branches and the greater occipital nerve.
Article
Neurosciences
Ahmed A. Khalil, Ayse C. Tanritanir, Ulrike Grittner, Evgeniya Kirilina, Arno Villringer, Jochen B. Fiebach, Ralf Mekle
Summary: In this study, the reproducibility of BOLD delay was assessed in 136 subjects with normal cerebral perfusion. The highest reproducibility was observed in the posterior cerebral artery territory. Overall, BOLD delay showed good reproducibility, but caution should be exercised when interpreting longitudinal BOLD delay changes that are either very small or located in certain brain regions.
HUMAN BRAIN MAPPING
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
H. Lina Schaare, Maria Bloechl, Deniz Kumral, Marie Uhlig, Lorenz Lemcke, Sofie L. Valk, Arno Villringer
Summary: The study demonstrates an association between blood pressure and depressive symptoms, well-being, and emotion-related brain activity, which may be relevant to hypertension. Using extensive data from the UK Biobank, the study resolves contradictions and explores the relationship between mental health, systolic blood pressure, and hypertension. It shows that higher systolic blood pressure is associated with fewer depressive symptoms, greater well-being, and lower emotion-related brain activity.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2023)
Article
Psychiatry
Dirk Alexander Wittekind, Juergen Kratzsch, Roland Mergl, Kerstin Wirkner, Ronny Baber, Christian Sander, A. Veronica Witte, Arno Villringer, Michael Kluge
Summary: The study found that childhood trauma has long-term effects on the ghrelin system, with childhood sexual abuse being significantly associated with higher ghrelin serum levels. However, other childhood traumas did not show a significant association with ghrelin levels.
TRANSLATIONAL PSYCHIATRY
(2023)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Haiko Schloegl, Arno Villringer, Konstanze Miehle, Mathias Fasshauer, Michael Stumvoll, Karsten Mueller
Summary: This study replicated previous findings on the increase of brain connectivity in the hypothalamus and posterior cingulate gyrus in patients with lipodystrophy (LD) undergoing metreleptin treatment. These results contribute to understanding the central nervous effects of leptin and provide a foundation for future research.
JOURNAL OF THE ENDOCRINE SOCIETY
(2023)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Haiko Schloegl, Lieneke Janssen, Mathias Fasshauer, Konstanze Miehle, Arno Villringer, Michael Stumvoll, Karsten Mueller
Summary: Using functional MRI, the study investigated the effects of metreleptin on the reward system in a non-eating behavior reward task. The results showed that patients with lipodystrophy treated with metreleptin experienced a decrease in reward-related brain activity, suggesting that leptin has functions in the human reward system that are unrelated to eating behavior.
JOURNAL OF THE ENDOCRINE SOCIETY
(2023)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Karsten Mueller, Friederike Thiel, Birol Taskin, Frank Beutner, Andrej Teren, Vladimir K. Dubovoy, Harald E. Moeller, Arno Villringer, Matthias L. Schroeter
Summary: The study aimed to detect the functional correlates of heart failure in terms of alterations in functional brain connectivity related to cognitive performance. The results show that heart failure is associated with reduced functional connectivity between the precuneus and widely distributed brain regions, and decline in cognitive performance is specifically correlated with diminished functional brain connectivity in patients with heart failure.
BRAIN COMMUNICATIONS
(2023)
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Evelyn Medawar, Frauke Beyer, Ronja Thieleking, Sven-Bastiaan Haange, Ulrike Rolle-Kampczyk, Madlen Reinicke, Rima Chakaroun, Martin von Bergen, Michael Stumvoll, Arno Villringer, A. Veronica Witte
Summary: This study investigated the effects of high-dosed prebiotic fiber on reward-related food decision-making in overweight young adults. The results showed that prebiotic intake decreased brain activation towards high-caloric food stimuli and caused shifts in gut microbiota.
Article
Clinical Neurology
Jan Mehnert, Laura Fischer-Schulte, Arne May
Summary: A study found that there are neuronal alterations before migraine attacks, regardless of the presence of aura, suggesting that aura is irrelevant to the initiation of headache attacks.
Article
Neurosciences
Julia Huck, Anna-Thekla Jaeger, Uta Schneider, Sophia Grahl, Audrey P. Fan, Christine Tardif, Arno Villringer, Pierre-Louis Bazin, Christopher J. Steele, Claudine J. Gauthier
Summary: Resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (rs-fMRI) is used to detect low-frequency fluctuations in the BOLD signal across brain regions. Venous biases can affect the amplitude and location of the BOLD signal, as well as connectivity measures derived from rs-fMRI. This study investigated the impact of vein diameter and distance on various rs-fMRI measures in the grey matter. It was found that smaller veins had higher values across all distances, while values associated with larger veins decreased with increasing distance. Models were proposed to correct for this venous bias in rs-fMRI metrics.
HUMAN BRAIN MAPPING
(2023)
Article
Psychology, Biological
Felix Klotzsche, Michael Gaebler, Arno Villringer, Werner Sommer, Vadim Nikulin, Sven Ohl
Summary: Virtual reality (VR) is a powerful tool for studying cognitive processes, allowing researchers to observe behaviors and mental states in complex and controlled scenarios. This study used a VR headset to investigate the spatial limitations of two well-known EEG markers in visual short-term memory. The results showed that the amplitude of the contralateral delay activity (CDA) differed between high and low memory load at smaller eccentricities, but not at the largest eccentricity. Memory load and eccentricity had no significant effect on lateralized alpha power. The study concluded that commercial VR hardware can be used to study these EEG markers of visual memory, with some limitations.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Daniel S. Kluger, Carina Forster, Omid Abbasi, Nikos Chalas, Arno Villringer, Joachim Gross
Summary: Bodily rhythms such as respiration modulate neural oscillations underlying human action, perception, and cognition. The link between respiration and aperiodic brain activity has been unstudied, but this study shows that fluctuations of aperiodic brain activity are synchronized with the respiratory cycle. These findings highlight the role of respiration as a physiological influence on brain signaling.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2023)
Article
Food Science & Technology
Evelyn Medawar, Marie Zedler, Larissa de Biasi, Arno Villringer, A. Veronica Witte
Summary: Adopting plant-based diets high in fiber may reduce global warming and obesity prevalence, but the physiological and psychological determinants of plant-based food intake remain unclear.
NPJ SCIENCE OF FOOD
(2023)
Article
Anesthesiology
Hauke Basedau, Arne May, Jan Mehnert
Summary: This study investigates the role of the cerebellum in processing somato-motoric and nociceptive input, with a focus on trigeminal and occipital nerves. The results demonstrate the dominant effect of the first trigeminal branch in the cerebellum and provide insights into the somatotopic organization of the trigemino-cervical complex.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF PAIN
(2023)
