Article
Neurosciences
Daniel E. Gustavson, Amy J. Jak, Jeremy A. Elman, Matthew S. Panizzon, Carol E. Franz, Katherine A. Gifford, Chandra A. Reynolds, Rosemary Toomey, Michael J. Lyons, William S. Kremen
Summary: Research suggests that continuous subjective cognitive decline (SCD) scores are correlated with prior objective cognitive changes in non-demented individuals, though this association appears to be driven by individuals with current mild cognitive impairment (MCI). However, participants' current depression and anxiety ratings tend to be strongly associated with their SCD ratings. Thus, the primary factors driving SCD ratings remain unclear.
JOURNAL OF ALZHEIMERS DISEASE
(2021)
Article
Cell Biology
Annadurai Anandhan, Konner R. Kirwan, Mandi J. Corenblum, Lalitha Madhavan
Summary: Increasing NRF2 expression in NSPCs can improve behavioral function and NSPC activity in aging rats, but this effect is only significant if done before a critical period in middle age (11 months) and not after (20 months).
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Hui Liu, Zhenmei Zhang, Yan Zhang
Summary: The study provides insight into the association between trajectories of marital quality and cognitive functioning among older adults, with a focus on gender differences. Initial positive marital quality correlated with better initial cognition in older adults, while negative marital quality correlated with worse cognition. An increase in positive marital quality was associated with a slower rate of cognitive decline in men, emphasizing the importance of maintaining a good marital relationship for cognitive health in later life.
SOCIAL SCIENCE & MEDICINE
(2021)
Article
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Sadaf Arefi Milani, Tyler R. Bell, Michael Crowe, Caitlin N. Pope, Brian Downer
Summary: This study aimed to evaluate the bidirectional association between pain interference and cognitive performance. The findings suggest that increased pain interference is associated with greater cognitive decline, while better baseline cognitive performance is related to lower pain interference at follow-up.
JOURNALS OF GERONTOLOGY SERIES A-BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES AND MEDICAL SCIENCES
(2023)
Review
Cell Biology
Bhaskar Jyoti Dutta, Pratik Shankar Rakshe, Niyogita Maurya, Shivani Chib, Sanjiv Singh
Summary: Natural stilbenes, particularly pterostilbene (PTE), have shown therapeutic potential in age-associated conditions such as cardiovascular diseases, diabetes mellitus, and cognitive decline. PTE, abundant in grapes and blueberries, modulates hallmark aging processes including oxidative damage, inflammation, telomere attrition, and cellular senescence. It has the ability to penetrate the blood-brain barrier, safeguard neural health, regulate neuronal signaling cascades, synaptic plasticity, and mitochondrial functionality. Engagement with sirtuin proteins allows PTE to enhance cellular resilience, longevity, and metabolic equilibrium. Preclinical studies have demonstrated the potential of PTE in counteracting age-related cognitive decline, enhancing memory consolidation, and ameliorating neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer's. This comprehensive understanding lays a solid groundwork for future clinical inquiries and innovative therapeutic interventions in this field.
AGEING RESEARCH REVIEWS
(2023)
Article
Immunology
Bo Chen, Guangcheng Qin, Jingyu Xiao, Xiaoyuan Deng, Aolei Lin, Hongliang Liu
Summary: The transient neuroinflammation induced by surgery contributes to the development of PNDs in elderly rats through sustained downregulation and hypofunction of synaptic NR2A and NR2B subunits.
JOURNAL OF NEUROINFLAMMATION
(2022)
Article
Neurosciences
Yasuyo Miyagi, Kyoko Fujiwara, Keigo Hikishima, Daisuke Utsumi, Chiaki Katagiri, Masahiko Nishimura, Hiroshi Takagi, Shogo Ishiuchi
Summary: Evidence has shown that higher consumption of high-fat diets during the juvenile/adolescent period can lead to altered hippocampal function and morphology. This study used imaging and molecular techniques to investigate the mechanism behind this phenomenon in a mouse model of obesity. The results revealed changes in glutamate-mediated intracellular calcium signaling and activity, as well as selective reduction of gray matter volume in the hippocampus associated with memory recall disturbance. Restoring intracellular calcium concentrations through a specific receptor antagonist normalized hippocampal volume and memory recall ability, suggesting a potential therapeutic target for obesity-associated cognitive decline.
MOLECULAR NEUROBIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Biology
Yaling Dai, Sinuo Wang, Minguang Yang, Peiyuan Zhuo, Yanyi Ding, Xiaoling Li, Yajun Cao, Xiaoqin Guo, Huawei Lin, Jing Tao, Lidian Chen, Weilin Liu
Summary: This study found that electroacupuncture treatment has protective effects on vascular cognitive impairment (VCI) by enhancing BOLD signal in the hippocampus and entorhinal cortex. The miR-219a gene plays a crucial role in regulating VCI, and inhibiting miR-219a can improve VCI and enhance learning and memory.
BIOLOGICAL RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Psychology, Multidisciplinary
Xiao Wei, Heng Liu, Li Yang, Zihan Gao, Jinke Kuang, Kexin Zhou, Mengfan Xu
Summary: This study examined the bidirectional relationship between physical function and cognition, and found that lower physical function at baseline was associated with cognitive decline, while cognitive decline over time also affected physical function deterioration.
FRONTIERS IN PSYCHOLOGY
(2022)
Review
Cell Biology
Rui Zhou, Shufang Qian, William C. S. Cho, Jinyun Zhou, Chentao Jin, Yan Zhong, Jing Wang, Xiaohui Zhang, Zhoujiao Xu, Mei Tian, Lawrence W. C. Chan, Hong Zhang
Summary: Aging affects gut microbiota compositions, microglia, and cognition abilities, and is recognized as a risk factor for neurodegenerative diseases. The communication between gut microbiota and microglia plays a crucial role in age-related cognitive declines. This review discusses the changes in gut microbiota compositions, brain changes, especially morphology and functions of microglia, and highlights the role of microbiota-microglia connections in neurodegenerative diseases.
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Samo Ribaric
Summary: Early cognitive decline in Alzheimer's patients is associated with brain structural and functional connectivity changes. Beta-amyloid and tau dysregulation disrupt synaptic function, leading to synapse loss and hippocampal atrophy. Advances in brain imaging techniques allow biomarker-based diagnosis using functional brain imaging, EEG, and body fluid sampling. This review discusses detecting early cognitive decline in AD using synaptic markers in high-risk or neuropsychologically diagnosed patients.
Article
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Le Xu, Yiying Zhou, Linbo Hu, Hongde Jiang, Yibei Dong, Haowei Shen, Zhongze Lou, Siyu Yang, Yunxin Ji, Liemin Ruan, Xiaoqin Zhang
Summary: In this study, APP/PS1 mice were used as a transgenic model of AD. The results showed impaired NMDAR function, synaptic plasticity, and disrupted neuronal morphology in the hippocampal CA1 of 8-month-old APP/PS1 mice, contributing to cognitive impairment.
FRONTIERS IN AGING NEUROSCIENCE
(2021)
Article
Psychiatry
Hsien-Yuan Lane, Shi-Heng Wang, Chieh-Hsin Lin
Summary: The study explores the associations of potential biomarkers including DAO, glutathione, superoxide dismutase, and catalase with mild cognitive impairment. Among the patients, DAO and glutathione levels at baseline contribute to cognitive decline 2 years later. Among the healthy individuals, only glutathione levels are associated with cognitive change. The four biomarkers differ in change directions in the patients and healthy individuals.
PSYCHIATRY RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Pankaja Desai, Kristin R. Krueger, Carlos Mendes de Leon, Robert S. Wilson, Denis A. Evans, Kumar B. Rajan
Summary: This study investigates the impact of depressive symptoms and glial fibrillary acid protein (GFAP) concentrations on cognitive functioning. The results show that depressive symptoms and high GFAP concentrations contribute to cognitive decline, while depressive symptoms and low GFAP concentrations have a smaller effect.
JOURNALS OF GERONTOLOGY SERIES A-BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES AND MEDICAL SCIENCES
(2023)
Review
Clinical Neurology
Wenhui Qu, Ling Li
Summary: Microglia, the resident immune cells in the brain, play crucial roles in regulating neuronal function. The triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells 2 (TREM2) is a key regulator of microglial function. It orchestrates microglial transcriptome programming, affecting their chemotaxis, phagocytosis, and inflammatory responses, as well as their regulation of synaptic function in health and disease. Understanding the role of TREM2 in physiological conditions and Alzheimer's disease (AD) is of rapidly growing interest.