Review
Neurosciences
Mor Harpaz, Maciej M. Jankowski, Leila Khouri, Israel Nelken
Summary: The study investigated the emergence of representation of sounds as wholes in the auditory system using stimulus-specific adaptation. The results showed differences in the representation of sounds in different parts of the auditory pathway, with the primary auditory cortex representing sound as abstract entities while other parts mainly representing them in terms of frequency components.
PROGRESS IN NEUROBIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Neurosciences
Walter Fischler-Ruiz, David G. Clark, Narendra R. Joshi, Virginia Devi-Chou, Lacey Kitch, Mark Schnitzer, L. F. Abbott, Richard Axel
Summary: The study demonstrates that odor cues can act as landmarks, enhancing navigation and extending cognitive spatial maps, indicating an interactive mechanism between path integration and odor landmarks.
Article
Biochemical Research Methods
Li Tong, Hang Wu, May D. Wang
Summary: Developing multi-omics integration methods can improve the prediction of overall survival for breast and ovarian cancer patients by extracting relationships among different -omics modalities to eliminate irrelevant information from high-throughput multiomics data.
Article
Biology
Aleksandar Z. Ivanov, Andrew J. King, Ben D. B. Willmore, Kerry M. M. Walker, Nicol S. Harper
Summary: This study investigates how the auditory system copes with reverberation by examining the responses of auditory cortical neurons in ferrets. The results show that auditory cortical neurons adapt to reverberation by adjusting their filtering properties, leading to dereverberation.
Article
Genetics & Heredity
Charles-Etienne Castonguay, Calwing Liao, Anouar Khayachi, Yumin Liu, Miranda Medeiros, Gabrielle Houle, Jay P. Ross, Patrick A. Dion, Guy A. Rouleau
Summary: This study used gene expression analysis to investigate the mechanisms of action of propranolol and primidone in treating essential tremor (ET). The results suggest that these drugs may reduce tremor symptoms by regulating specific genes and pathways, and identify relevant genetic biomarkers for drug responsiveness in ET.
NPJ GENOMIC MEDICINE
(2022)
Article
Neurosciences
Yingying Wang, Hongmi Lee, Brice A. Kuhl
Summary: Human neuroimaging studies have successfully reconstructed multidimensional and idiosyncratic memory representations using semantic encoding models. The reconstructions were accurate in visual and lateral parietal cortices when viewing scenes and recalling them from memory. The reconstructions matched subjects' verbal descriptions of their memories and the encoding models transferred reliably across subjects.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
W. Jeffrey Johnston, Stefano Fusi
Summary: Humans and animals can generalize knowledge across different contexts and objects during natural behavior. This ability arises from abstract representations, observed in recent neurophysiological studies, that emerge through the learning of multiple tasks using neural networks. These abstract representations enable few-sample learning and reliable generalization on novel tasks, and may be pervasive in high-level brain regions. Specific predictions are made about which variables will be represented abstractly.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Justin S. Riceberg, Aditya Srinivasan, Kevin G. Guise, Matthew L. Shapiro
Summary: This study investigates the interaction between the OFC and HPC during the learning of spatial reversal tasks. The results reveal significant interactions between the activity of the OFC and CA1 during the first reversal, but their activity shows different characteristics once the task becomes familiar. These frontotemporal interactions occur selectively when new task features inform decision-making and provide a mechanism for linking novel episodes with expected outcomes.
Article
Neurosciences
Tijl Grootswagers, Harriet McKay, Manuel Varlet
Summary: This study investigates the relative contributions of perceptual and conceptual features to the representation of objects in the human visual system. The results reveal significant and unique contributions of both types of features, suggesting the critical importance of social requirements in information processing and organization in the human brain.
Article
Psychology, Mathematical
Y. Catherine Han, Paul J. Reber
Summary: The study suggests that humans can learn specific sequences through auditory cues, which is similar to but faster than learning through visual cues, and there may be a common process for the automatic extraction of sequential statistical structure across different sensory modalities.
PSYCHONOMIC BULLETIN & REVIEW
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Amir Akbarian, Kelsey Clark, Behrad Noudoost, Neda Nategh
Summary: The study reveals a delayed enhancement of neural response in extrastriate areas during saccadic eye movements, which maintains pre-saccadic information until post-saccadic information is received, enabling an integrated representation of visual scenes.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2021)
Article
Neurosciences
Luis Sebastian Contreras-Huerta, Michel-Pierre Coll, Geoffrey Bird, Hongbo Yu, Annayah Prosser, Patricia L. Lockwood, Jennifer Murphy, M. J. Crockett, Matthew A. J. Apps
Summary: This study demonstrates that the anterior cingulate gyrus (ACCg) is predictive of prosocial behavior, while the anterior insula (AI) is linked to interoceptive propensity. The findings suggest that variability in the processing of rewards in the ACCg and AI can predict an individual's willingness to be prosocial and their awareness of interoceptive signals.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Bettina Voelcker, Ravi Pancholi, Simon Peron
Summary: This study investigates the neural activity in different layers of the vibrissal somatosensory cortex during a object localization task in mice. The findings show that the cortical transformation from layer 4 to layer 2 involves a shift from distributed probabilistic coding to sparse and robust ensemble-based coding, leading to more efficient and accurate representation of sensory features.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Paul Stoewer, Christian Schlieker, Achim Schilling, Claus Metzner, Andreas Maier, Patrick Krauss
Summary: The hippocampal-entorhinal complex is believed to support domain-general representation and processing of knowledge, enabling the formation of cognitive maps and navigation. A neural network-based approach can learn successor representations and be applied in various scenarios, showing promising results.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Fraser Aitken, Peter Kok
Summary: The hippocampus is involved in both acquiring and exploiting predictive associations, and switches from representing errors to representing predictions as learning proceeds.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2022)