Article
Neurosciences
Ole Numssen, Anna-Leah Zier, Axel Thielscher, Gesa Hartwigsen, Thomas R. Knosche, Konstantin Weise
Summary: Transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) is a useful tool for studying causal structure-function relationships in the human brain, but the complex distribution of induced electric fields makes it challenging to precisely identify the stimulated neuronal populations. This study proposes a method to rapidly and feasibly localize cortical regions at the individual subject level by combining experimental data and numerically modeled fields. By establishing a functional link between the induced electric field and the modulated effect, the research demonstrates a fundamental step towards fully exploiting the potential of TMS for practical and clinical applications.
Article
Acoustics
Shaojie Guo, Changqing Bai
Summary: This article investigates the coupling effects of unbalanced magnetic pull and ball bearing on the nonlinear vibration of a three-phase asynchronous motor using experimental and numerical methods. The results obtained from experiments and numerical analysis show that the unbalanced magnetic pull and ball bearing forces significantly interact and nonlinearly influence the rotor dynamic characteristics. The effects of rotational speed and rotor mass eccentricity are also discussed, and it is found that the magnetic pull gradually increases the amplitude of the ball bearing-rotor system, with its effect decreasing as the rotational speed and mass eccentricity increase.
JOURNAL OF VIBRATION AND CONTROL
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Mechanical
Rafal Rusinek, Krzysztof Kecik
Summary: This paper focuses on the numerical and experimental investigation of a biomechanical system of the middle ear with an implant, aiming to assess the influence of coupling between the biomechanical and electrical system. By adding an electromechanical transducer to modify the human ear structure, the study determines the effects of voltage excitation and electromechanical coupling on implant dynamics and effectiveness. The results of this research can aid in better matching the implant to the human ear in practice.
MECHANICAL SYSTEMS AND SIGNAL PROCESSING
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Alejandra Sel, Lennart Verhagen, Katharina Angerer, Raluca David, Miriam C. Klein-Fluegge, Matthew F. S. Rushworth
Summary: This study investigated the impact of manipulating the strength of coupling between the ventral premotor cortex (PMv) and primary motor cortex (M1) on oscillatory activity in the motor system. It was found that enhancing cortical connectivity between PMv and M1 increased oscillatory beta and theta rhythms, while decreasing the influence of PMv over M1 decreased these rhythms. This suggests that corticocortical communication frequencies in the PMv-M1 pathway can be manipulated through specific stimulation.
PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
(2021)
Article
Physics, Multidisciplinary
Maximilian Patzauer, Katharina Krischer
Summary: The study investigates the oscillatory photoelectrodissolution of n-type Si in a fluoride-containing electrolyte under anodic potentials. By lowering the illumination intensity stepwise, different oscillation patterns such as modulated amplitude clusters and multifrequency clusters were observed, indicating adaptive, nonlinear, and nonlocal coupling mechanisms similar to those in neural dynamics.
PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS
(2021)
Article
Physics, Multidisciplinary
Maximilian Patzauer, Katharina Krischer
Summary: In the study of oscillatory photoelectrodissolution of n-type Si in a fluoride-containing electrolyte under anodic potentials, researchers observed the emergence of multifrequency clusters. These clusters are believed to be the result of adaptive, nonlinear, and nonlocal coupling, similar to dynamics found in neural systems.
PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS
(2021)
Article
Automation & Control Systems
Huaqing Zheng, Xiaoting Rui, Jianshu Zhang, Junjie Gu, Shujun Zhang
Summary: This study investigates the spatial pointing control of a motor-mechanism coupling tank gun. The proposed control system, which treats the tank gun control system as a coupling system composed of mechanical, motor, and control systems, demonstrates good tracking accuracy, strong adaptability, and robustness through simulation experiments.
Article
Biology
Haya Akkad, Joshua Dupont-Hadwen, Edward Kane, Carys Evans, Liam Barrett, Amba Frese, Irena Tetkovic, Sven Bestmann, Charlotte J. Stagg, Thorsten Kahnt
Summary: The study shows that modulating theta-gamma activity over sensorimotor cortex can significantly improve motor skill acquisition, with the enhancement lasting for an hour. These results suggest that theta-gamma activity might be a common mechanism for learning across the brain, offering a potential novel intervention for optimizing functional improvements in response to training or therapy.
Article
Acoustics
Junling Chen, Zhaocong Wan, Bangzhou Zhao, Xu Qiu
Summary: With the development of wind energy, wind turbines are becoming larger and taller, leading to lower natural frequencies in the support tower. The interaction between the tower and longer rotor blades has resulted in tower collapses. A study was conducted on a 2 MW wind turbine system with a 120 m full steel tubular tower to investigate the nonlinear coupling vibration mechanism. The results provide insights into the vibration control mechanism of full steel towers.
JOURNAL OF VIBRATION AND CONTROL
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Mechanical
Changchun Hua, Yibo Wang, Liuliu Zhang, Weili Ding
Summary: This paper investigates the stability and stabilization problem in a coupling permanent magnet synchronous motors (CPMSMs) system with input delay. Mathematical models and stability conditions are established for different input delays, and a control strategy is proposed based on these conditions.
NONLINEAR DYNAMICS
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Tiangui Zhang, Gexin Chen, Guishan Yan, Cheng Zhang, Yuan Li, Chao Ai
Summary: This paper focuses on studying the non-linear characteristics of pump control system flow, analyzing the partition characteristics of the system flow under different working conditions, and providing a theoretical basis for a high-precision control strategy for hydraulic systems.
Article
Engineering, Multidisciplinary
Hongchuan Cheng, Yimin Zhang, Wenjia Lu, Zhou Yang
Summary: A mathematical model is presented to study the dynamic properties of rotor-bearing coupling system under various effects, and the impact of typical parameters on the mechanical characteristics of the rotor system is analyzed. The results offer theoretical support for controlling the rotor-bearing system and studying the nonlinear vibration mechanism in practical applications.
APPLIED MATHEMATICAL MODELLING
(2021)
Article
Automation & Control Systems
Alexey Pavlov, Erik Steur, Nathan van de Wouw
Summary: This paper presents a novel approach to achieve (controlled) synchronization of networked nonlinear systems. The proposed coupling laws guarantee global asymptotic synchronization of the systems' states with lower coupling gains and higher energy efficiency.
Article
Physics, Applied
Xingwei Tang, Xiaoxiao Wu, Weijia Wen
Summary: The experiment demonstrates that the coupling between static and dynamic magnetic fields can increase the output energy of the vibrating object and improve audio quality, offering potential applications in spectrum management and acoustic metamaterials.
APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS
(2021)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Yousef Salimpour, Kelly A. Mills, Brian Y. Hwang, William S. Anderson
Summary: The study demonstrates the potential of cortical phase-targeted stimulation to modulate PAC without evoking motor activation, offering a potential application in the treatment of neurological disorders associated with abnormal PAC.
Article
Rehabilitation
Pedro Douglass-Kirk, Mick Grierson, Nick S. Ward, Fran Brander, Kate Kelly, Will Chegwidden, Dhiren Shivji, Lauren Stewart
Summary: The purpose of this study was to assess the use of real-time auditory feedback in reducing abnormal movements during active reaching tasks in patients with chronic stroke. The results showed that patients significantly reduced the duration of abnormal movements when they received auditory feedback. Therefore, real-time auditory feedback can help improve movement quality in patients with chronic stroke.
DISABILITY AND REHABILITATION
(2023)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Karl Friston
Summary: This review explores computational psychiatry from the perspective of pathophysiology, using generative models to explain psychopathology. It discusses the brain from cognitive and computational neuroscience viewpoints, providing a formal description of neuronal message passing, distributed processing, and belief propagation in neuronal networks. It also examines how dysconnections in the brain can lead to abnormal belief updating and false inference, and explores the use of computational models in various psychiatric research areas, including computational neuropsychology, computational phenotyping, and computational nosology.
MOLECULAR PSYCHIATRY
(2023)
Editorial Material
Clinical Neurology
Nick Ward
Article
Psychiatry
Yukiko Matsumoto, Satoshi Nishida, Ryusuke Hayashi, Shuraku Son, Akio Murakami, Naganobu Yoshikawa, Hiroyoshi Ito, Naoya Oishi, Naoki Masuda, Toshiya Murai, Karl Friston, Shinji Nishimoto, Hidehiko Takahashi
Summary: This study used functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) to evaluate the large-scale network structures of concept representations in patients with schizophrenia and found that their semantic networks exhibited differences and were associated with thought disorders. This provides pathophysiological evidence for the loosening of associations in schizophrenia.
SCHIZOPHRENIA BULLETIN
(2023)
Article
Computer Science, Artificial Intelligence
Natalie Kastel, Casper Hesp, K. Richard Ridderinkhof, Karl J. Friston
Summary: This paper proposes a testable deep active inference formulation of social behavior and conducts simulations of cumulative culture. By considering cultural transmission as a bi-directional process of communication and social exchange as a process of active inference, the study discovers that cumulative culture emerges from belief updating through a joint minimization of uncertainty.
FRONTIERS IN NEUROROBOTICS
(2023)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Cam Bowie, Karl Friston
Summary: This study analyzed the COVID-19 epidemic in the past 12 months and made predictions for the next year based on this analysis. It found that changes in transmissibility and public behavior led to an underestimation of the severity of the epidemic in previous predictions. The projections indicate that the number of infections in the coming year will be three times larger than last year, leading to more deaths and economic consequences.
FRONTIERS IN PUBLIC HEALTH
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Johannes Steffen, Dimitrije Markovic, Franka Gloeckner, Philipp T. Neukam, Stefan J. Kiebel, Shu-Chen Li, Michael N. Smolka
Summary: Forward planning is crucial in complex sequential decision-making, and this study found that age is a factor that affects forward planning. Older adults showed shorter planning depths and used more simplified strategies. These findings are important for understanding changes in decision-making behavior in older adults.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2023)
Article
Pediatrics
Zoe McParlin, Francesco Cerritelli, Andrea Manzotti, Karl J. Friston, Jorge E. Esteves
Summary: Therapeutic affective touch is crucial for survival, nurturing supportive interactions, and promoting overall health. This paper presents an integrative model that combines therapeutic touch and communication to achieve biobehavioural synchrony. It explains the neurophysiological and behavioural mechanisms of developing synchronous relationships through touch and emphasizes the importance of therapeutic touch in building a solid therapeutic alliance.
FRONTIERS IN PEDIATRICS
(2023)
Review
Clinical Neurology
Achim Schilling, William Sedley, Richard Gerum, Claus Metzner, Konstantin Tziridis, Andreas Maier, Holger Schulze, Fan-Gang Zeng, Karl J. Friston, Patrick Krauss
Summary: This article reviews recent work at the intersection of artificial intelligence, psychology, and neuroscience, using tinnitus as an example of auditory phantom perception. The authors discuss the reasons behind the emergence of auditory phantom perceptions and their crucial role in healthy auditory perception. They propose that neural noise along the auditory pathway is generated as a compensatory mechanism and can be misinterpreted as auditory input, leading to tinnitus. The principles of predictive coding and adaptive stochastic resonance are identified as the most explanatory factors for phantom perceptions and may also improve machine learning techniques.
Article
Psychology, Experimental
Denis Brouillet, Karl Friston
Summary: The brain is known to be a predictive organ that predicts sensory content and the accuracy of its predictions. It must infer the reliability of its own beliefs in order to predict the precision of its predictions. This recognition process leads to the concept of "fluency", which is the perception of having a precise understanding of sensory processes. Changes in fluency, from unfelt to felt, are recognized and realized when updating predictions about accuracy.
CONSCIOUSNESS AND COGNITION
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Dario Cuevas Rivera, Stefan Kiebel
Summary: Humans can adapt their movements to sudden or gradual changes in the environment, known as motor adaptation. They can also switch between different adapted movements, relying on contextual information which can be noisy or misleading. Computational models have shown the effects of context inference on learning rates, and we further expanded on these models to demonstrate that context inference affects motor adaptation and control beyond previous understanding.
Review
Biology
Karl Friston, Lancelot Da Costa, Dalton A. R. Sakthivadivel, Conor Heins, Grigorios A. Pavliotis, Maxwell Ramstead, Thomas Parr
Summary: This paper introduces a path integral formulation of the free energy principle to describe the trajectories of particles over time. By employing the principle of least action, it is possible to simulate the behavior of particles in exchange with their external environment. The paper discusses various types of particles and their different levels of inference or sentience.
PHYSICS OF LIFE REVIEWS
(2023)
Meeting Abstract
Clinical Neurology
L. Tedesco Triccas, S. Sporn, M. Coll I. Omana, S. Bestmann, N. Ward
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF STROKE
(2023)
Meeting Abstract
Clinical Neurology
L. Mardell, S. Bestmann, N. Ward
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF STROKE
(2023)
Meeting Abstract
Mathematical & Computational Biology
Noor Sajid, Laura Convertino, Victorita Neacsu, Thomas Parr, Karl Friston
JOURNAL OF COMPUTATIONAL NEUROSCIENCE
(2023)