Review
Neurosciences
S. Diomedi, F. E. Vaccari, C. Galletti, K. Hadjidimitrakis, P. Fattori
Summary: Recent studies have shown that population activity in the primate parietal cortex during arm movements can be divided into three main states corresponding to planning, execution, and target holding epochs. These states are similar to those found in the motor cortex, suggesting highly consistent dynamics across parieto-frontal areas.
PROGRESS IN NEUROBIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Yolanda Castillo-Escario, Hatice Kumru, Josep Valls-Sole, Loreto Garcia-Alen, Joan Vidal, Raimon Jane
Summary: The study found that a startling acoustic stimulus significantly reduced response time and EMG onset latencies for all muscles, with longer durations, higher tilt angles, and higher EMG amplitudes observed at 30 cm. Accelerometer signals in SAS trials had higher frequency content, suggesting reduced movement control. These measures could help objectively assess trunk stability in patients with neurological conditions in the future.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2021)
Article
Neurosciences
Celia Ruffino, Dylan Rannaud Monany, Charalambos Papaxanthis, Pauline M. Hilt, Jeremie Gaveau, Florent Lebon
Summary: Practice and motor imagery practice have positive effects on the execution of arm movements, but they differ in their impact on movement smoothness. Practice involves online corrections through sensory feedback integration, while motor imagery practice does not possess this ability.
Review
Neurosciences
James Mathew, Frederic Crevecoeur
Summary: The study reviews computational models of reaching adaptation to force fields in humans, highlighting the crucial role of feedback control in the process. By discussing online adaptation in the feedback control system, the study explains trial-by-trial adaptation and improvements in online motor corrections.
FRONTIERS IN HUMAN NEUROSCIENCE
(2021)
Article
Biology
Jeremy D. Wong, Tyler Cluff, Arthur D. Kuo
Summary: The smoothness of human reaching movements is found to be economical, as jerkier motions lead to higher metabolic energy expenditure. The mechanism proposed involves an underappreciated cost proportional to the rate of muscle force production. This physiologically measurable energy cost may explain both smoothness and duration, helping to resolve motor redundancy in reaching movements.
Review
Psychology
Hyosub E. Kim, Guy Avraham, Richard B. Ivry
Summary: The study of motor planning and learning in humans has transformed significantly in the past 20 years, integrating ideas from control theory, computer science, statistics, and neuroscience. This interdisciplinary approach has led to the development of mechanistic models at the psychological level to explain how humans plan, execute, and consolidate skilled reaching movements, emphasizing new perspectives on action selection and motor planning while highlighting the convergent operation of multiple processes in sensorimotor learning.
ANNUAL REVIEW OF PSYCHOLOGY, VOL 72
(2021)
Article
Computer Science, Artificial Intelligence
Victor R. Barradas, Yasuharu Koike, Nicolas Schweighofer
Summary: Inverse models are essential for human motor learning as they map desired actions to motor commands. The shape of the error surface and the distribution of targets in a task play a crucial role in determining the speed of learning.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Daniel J. Gale, Corson N. Areshenkoff, Dominic I. Standage, Joseph Y. Nashed, Ross D. Markello, J. Randall Flanagana, Jonathan Smallwood, Jason P. Gallivan
Summary: Sensorimotor learning is a dynamic process that involves the coordinated action of multiple neural systems in the brain. This study used fMRI to observe changes in cortical activity during a sensorimotor adaptation task and found that cortical regions exhibited contraction and expansion along the cortical manifold during early and late adaptation, respectively. Increased covariance between specialized cortical regions and regions in the association cortex was observed during early adaptation, while reduced covariance and increased intraconnectivity of the visual cortex were observed during late adaptation. Individuals who learned more rapidly showed greater covariance between sensorimotor and association cortices during early adaptation.
PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
(2022)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Reut Binyamin-Netser, Noy Goldhamer, Inbar Avni, Adva Ressel Zviely, Lior Shmuelof
Summary: This study investigates the relationship between cognitive impairments and motor control and learning impairments in stroke patients. The results show that despite cognitive deterioration, stroke patients perform similarly to age-matched controls in terms of adaptation and savings. Savings in performance is associated with significant improvement in explicit learning.
NEUROREHABILITATION AND NEURAL REPAIR
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Isaac N. Gomez, Serena R. Orsinger, Hyosub E. Kim, Ian Greenhouse
Summary: Reaching behavior is an important focus of research in motor physiology and neuroscience, but there are still gaps in understanding the neural processes involved. This article introduces a novel method that combines a two-dimensional reaching task with transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) and electromyography (EMG) recording. The method allows for noninvasive detection of corticospinal activity during reaching movements, providing valuable insights into the motor system.
JOVE-JOURNAL OF VISUALIZED EXPERIMENTS
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Shinichi Furuya, Ryuya Tanibuchi, Hayato Nishioka, Yudai Kimoto, Masato Hirano, Takanori Oku
Summary: This preliminary study using a hand exoskeleton robot shows that passive movement training can enhance motor skills of pianists, with a more pronounced effect in adolescent pianists. It emphasizes the importance of somatosensory-motor training in professional music education during adolescence.
ANNALS OF THE NEW YORK ACADEMY OF SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Neurosciences
Magdalena Gippert, Saskia Leupold, Tobias Heed, Ian Spencer Howard, Arno Villringer, Vadim V. Nikulin, Bernhard Sehm
Summary: Many daily movements involve multiple limbs and require the motor system to control different body parts in quick succession. Previous research on motor adaptation has focused on single limb movements or simultaneous movements of multiple limbs, but it is unclear whether multilimb sequences can support motor adaptation in a similar way. In this study, we found that only active participation in a bimanual sequential task supports pronounced adaptation, suggesting that active segments in bimanual motion sequences are linked across limbs. Additionally, prior perceptual feedback of the opposite arm contributes to force field-specific motor adaptation.
JOURNAL OF NEUROSCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Neurosciences
Rodrigo S. Maeda, Rhonda Kersten, J. Andrew Pruszynski
Summary: The study demonstrates that old-world monkeys exhibit similar learning and adjustment of arm intersegmental dynamics as humans. By fixing the shoulder joint to alter arm dynamics, a systematic reduction in shoulder muscle activity was observed, and kinematic aftereffects were found when the shoulder joint was released, indicating the inability to compensate for normal arm dynamics.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF NEUROSCIENCE
(2021)
Article
Neurosciences
Nikhil G. Prabhu, Marc Himmelbach
Summary: The superior colliculus (SC) plays a major role in orienting movements and attention allocation. Previous studies mainly focused on animal models and lacked validation in humans. Using BOLD fMRI imaging, this study found that the SC is active not only during visually guided reaching movements, but also during tactile guided reaching movements. This suggests a general involvement of the human SC in upper limb reaching movements.
Article
Biology
Roni O. Maimon-Mor, Hunter R. Schone, David Henderson Slater, A. Aldo Faisal, Tamar R. Makin
Summary: The study of artificial arms in individuals with upper-limb deficiencies suggests that the earlier introduction of an artificial arm in congenital limb differences can lead to better motor control. Despite early exposure, the congenital group showed more errors in reaching to visual targets compared to the acquired group. This highlights the importance of early experiences with either biological or artificial arms in developing efficient visual-based corrective movements.
Article
Neurosciences
Chao Gu, J. Andrew Pruszynski, Opaul L. Gribble, Brian D. Corneil
JOURNAL OF NEUROPHYSIOLOGY
(2019)
Article
Neurosciences
Dimitrios J. Palidis, Joshua G. A. Cashaback, Paul L. Gribble
JOURNAL OF NEUROPHYSIOLOGY
(2019)
Article
Neurosciences
Susan K. Coltman, Joshua G. A. Cashaback, Paul L. Gribble
JOURNAL OF NEUROPHYSIOLOGY
(2019)
Article
Neurosciences
Jeffrey Weiler, Paul L. Gribble, J. Andrew Pruszynski
NATURE NEUROSCIENCE
(2019)
Article
Biochemical Research Methods
Joshua G. A. Cashaback, Christopher K. Lao, Dimitrios J. Palidis, Susan K. Coltman, Heather R. McGregor, Paul L. Gribble
PLOS COMPUTATIONAL BIOLOGY
(2019)
Article
Neurosciences
Hiroki Ohashi, Paul L. Gribble, David J. Ostry
JOURNAL OF NEUROPHYSIOLOGY
(2019)
Article
Neurosciences
Rodrigo S. Maeda, Julia M. Zdybal, Paul L. Gribble, J. Andrew Pruszynski
JOURNAL OF NEUROPHYSIOLOGY
(2020)
Article
Neurosciences
Dimitrios J. Palidis, Paul L. Gribble
JOURNAL OF NEUROPHYSIOLOGY
(2020)
Article
Neurosciences
Susan K. Coltman, Paul L. Gribble
JOURNAL OF NEUROPHYSIOLOGY
(2020)
Article
Neurosciences
Nicola J. Popp, Atsushi Yokoi, Paul L. Gribble, Jorn Diedrichsen
JOURNAL OF NEUROPHYSIOLOGY
(2020)
Article
Neurosciences
Dimitrios J. Palidis, Heather R. McGregor, Andrew Vo, Penny A. MacDonald, Paul L. Gribble
Summary: Levodopa did not affect any component of motor adaptation, suggesting that motor adaptation may not rely on the dopaminergic mechanisms disrupted by levodopa in cognitive tasks.
JOURNAL OF NEUROPHYSIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Neurosciences
Susan K. Coltman, Robert J. van Beers, W. Pieter Medendorp, Paul L. Gribble
Summary: The study investigated how prior experience modulates error sensitivity within a two-state model of short-term sensorimotor adaptation. It found that sensitivity to adaptation error was similarly modulated by abrupt, gradual, and random perturbation schedules.
JOURNAL OF NEUROPHYSIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Neurosciences
Nicola J. Popp, Carlos R. Hernandez-Castillo, Paul L. Gribble, Jorn Diedrichsen
Summary: Sensory feedback is crucial for fine control of hand movements, but little is known about its role in movement sequences. This study investigated the use of sensory feedback during the production of finger movement sequences. The researchers observed rapid adjustments of ongoing finger presses in response to feedback perturbations, with haptic feedback playing a key role. These adjustments reduced in size with practice but were still present at the end of training. Additionally, feedback perturbations resulted in a delayed onset of subsequent presses, suggesting a hierarchical organization of skilled movement sequences.
JOURNAL OF NEUROPHYSIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Biology
Olivier Codol, Mehrdad Kashefi, Christopher J. Forgaard, Joseph M. Galea, J. Andrew Pruszynski, Paul L. Gribble
Summary: Although it is known that motivation can improve motor performance, the mechanisms behind this improvement are unclear. This study systematically tested the effects of reward on different feedback loops in humans and found that only the fastest loops were insensitive to reward. The earliest reward-driven changes were an increase in feedback gains rather than a reduction in response latency. These findings have potential implications for athletic coaching, suggesting that reward-sensitive feedback responses should be specifically targeted for improvement.
Article
Biology
Jessica C. Selinger, Jeremy D. Wong, Surabhi N. Simha, J. Maxwell Donelan
JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BIOLOGY
(2019)