Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Ehsan Sedaghat-Nejad, Reza Shadmehr
Summary: Learning from errors is a slow process and the learning rate in machine learning depends on a loss function that specifies the cost of error. Research suggests that correcting errors during motor learning carries an implicit cost for the brain, and modulating this cost affects how much the brain learns from errors.
PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
(2021)
Article
Audiology & Speech-Language Pathology
Hayo Terband, Frits van Brenk
Summary: This study investigates the mechanisms of responses to formant shifts by modeling parameters of feedback and feedforward control of speech production based on behavioral data. The findings suggest impaired auditory self-monitoring in children with complex speech sound disorders. This study is important for understanding the feedback and feedforward mechanisms in speech production.
JOURNAL OF SPEECH LANGUAGE AND HEARING RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Biology
Bradley M. Colquitt, Kelly Li, Foad Green, Robert Veline, Michael S. Brainard
Summary: Sensory feedback is crucial for the stable execution of learned motor skills. This study focused on the gene expression changes in the songbird sensorimotor circuit following deafening. The results showed that deafening preferentially alters gene expression in the premotor and striatal regions, with genes associated with synaptic transmission, neuronal spines, and neuromodulation being affected. Additionally, the inter-region coordination of transcriptional states was disrupted in deafened birds, indicating a destabilization of the song.
Article
Neurosciences
Pierre Petitet, Gershon Spitz, Uzay E. Emir, Heidi Johansen-Berg, Jacinta O'Shea
Summary: As individuals age, a natural decline in GABA in the sensorimotor cortex leads to increased adaptation memory. Brain stimulation can further lower GABA levels, with the impact on memory dependent on the excitation/inhibition balance in the sensorimotor cortex.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Marit F. L. Ruitenberg, Vincent Koppelmans, Rachael D. Seidler, Judith Schomaker
Summary: Active exploration of novel spatial environments enhances memory for explicit information, potentially through dopamine release in the brain. This study found that exposure to spatial novelty led to slower deadaptation during a sensorimotor adaptation task, suggesting stronger sensorimotor representations induced by novelty-induced dopaminergic effects.
ANNALS OF THE NEW YORK ACADEMY OF SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Isaac N. Gomez, Serena R. Orsinger, Hyosub E. Kim, Ian Greenhouse
Summary: Reaching behavior is an important focus of research in motor physiology and neuroscience, but there are still gaps in understanding the neural processes involved. This article introduces a novel method that combines a two-dimensional reaching task with transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) and electromyography (EMG) recording. The method allows for noninvasive detection of corticospinal activity during reaching movements, providing valuable insights into the motor system.
JOVE-JOURNAL OF VISUALIZED EXPERIMENTS
(2022)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Philipp Gulde, Joachim Hermsdoerfer, Peter Rieckmann
Summary: Inpatient rehabilitation has been proven effective for sensorimotor performance in MS patients, with predictions of outcomes limited. By analyzing changes in the Watzmann Severity Scale, it was found that factors including steps taken, duration of rest, EDSS at entry, MS type, and performance in a pursuit task impacted rehabilitation outcomes. Improved lifestyle habits may contribute to better results in MS patients' rehabilitation.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MEDICINE
(2021)
Article
Psychology, Multidisciplinary
Lisa Fleury, Francesco Panico, Alexandre Foncelle, Patrice Revol, Ludovic Delporte, Sophie Jacquin-Courtois, Christian Collet, Yves Rossetti
Summary: Prism adaptation is a useful method to study sensorimotor adaptation, and the cerebellum plays an important role in the transfer of after-effects. This study aimed to explore whether anodal stimulation of the cerebellum could enhance after-effects transfer from throwing to pointing in novice participants. The results showed that active stimulation did not have significant beneficial effects on error reduction or throwing after-effects, but it had an effect on the longitudinal evolution of pointing errors and on pointing kinematic parameters during transfer assessment.
FRONTIERS IN PSYCHOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Biology
Lana Hantzsch, Benjamin Parrell, Caroline A. Niziolek, Joern Diedrichsen
Summary: Sensory errors induce two types of behavioral changes in speech articulation: rapid compensation within a movement and longer-term adaptation of subsequent movements. Previous theories suggested that speech sensorimotor adaptation only occurs after repeated exposure to auditory perturbations, but new research shows that learning can also occur after a single exposure to auditory errors.
Article
Neurosciences
Camille Metais, Judith Nicolas, Moussa Diarra, Alexis Cheviet, Eric Koun, Denis Pelisson
Summary: Previous studies have shown that the neural substrate for adaptation of saccadic eye movements involves the cerebellum and several cortical areas. This study aimed to understand the differences between forward and backward adaptation of saccades and their error processing and oculomotor changes. The results showed activation in specific cortical and subcortical areas related to adaptation and error signal processing, and revealed the involvement of the occipital cortex and MT/MST in the direction of adaptation. Overall, this study provides further evidence of the role of the cerebral cortex in saccadic adaptation and contributes to our understanding of oculomotor plasticity and its relationship with spatial cognition.
Article
Physiology
Gilles Clement, Sarah C. Moudy, Timothy R. Macaulay, Michael O. Bishop, Scott J. Wood
Summary: This study aims to assess the impact of long-duration stays on the International Space Station on astronauts' functional performance after gravity transitions. The results show that adaptation to long-term weightlessness leads to immediate deficits in functional performance after landing, which may last for up to 1 week. This finding suggests that additional sensorimotor-based measures may be necessary to maintain astronauts' functional performance levels when landing on planetary surfaces after a prolonged period in weightlessness.
FRONTIERS IN PHYSIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Gerd Schmitz
Summary: This study found that visuomotor adaptation training may have a positive impact on cognitive performance.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Abigail R. Bradshaw, Carolyn McGettigan
Summary: Research has found that when two speakers engage in synchronous speech, there is a certain level of convergence in their voice fundamental frequency, which may have a short-term fluency-enhancing effect in people who stutter. However, under visual synchronous speech conditions, there was no evidence of voice convergence, highlighting the importance of self- and other-speech feedback in speech production processes.
Article
Neurosciences
Ana Paula Salazar, Kathleen E. Hupfeld, Jessica K. Lee, Lauren A. Banker, Grant D. Tays, Nichole E. Beltran, Igor S. Kofman, Yiri E. De Dios, Edwin Mulder, Jacob J. Bloomberg, Ajitkumar P. Mulavara, Rachael D. Seidler
Summary: The study found that HDBR with elevated CO2 has effects on brain activity, primarily due to bed rest rather than high CO2 levels, highlighting implications for space missions and training.
FRONTIERS IN NEURAL CIRCUITS
(2021)
Article
Biology
Brandon G. Rasman, Patrick A. Forbes, Ryan M. Peters, Oscar Ortiz, Ian Franks, J. Timothy Inglis, Romeo Chua, Jean-Sebastien Blouin
Summary: The study shows that through training, humans can adapt and overcome balance control delays up to 560 milliseconds, which may have significant implications for individuals with balance issues due to aging or neurological diseases such as multiple sclerosis.
Article
Psychology, Clinical
Abhishek Pratap, David C. Atkins, Brenna N. Renn, Michael J. Tanana, Sean D. Mooney, Joaquin A. Anguera, Patricia A. Arean
DEPRESSION AND ANXIETY
(2019)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Roy F. Riascos, Arash Kamali, Reza Hakimelahi, Benson Mwangi, Pejman Rabiei, Rachael D. Seidler, Barzin B. Behzad, Zafer Keser, Larry A. Kramer, Khader M. Hasan
JOURNAL OF NEUROIMAGING
(2019)
Article
Health Care Sciences & Services
Wan-Yu Hsu, William Rowles, Joaquin Anguera, Chao Zhao, Annika Anderson, Amber Alexander, Simone Sacco, Roland Henry, Adam Gazzaley, Riley Bove
Summary: The study demonstrated that the EVO Monitor, an unsupervised, video game-based digital program, is a clinically valuable approach for assessing cognitive performance in patients with multiple sclerosis. Individuals with cognitive impairment in the study showed worse performance on the EVO Monitor compared to those without cognitive impairment. Furthermore, there were associations found between EVO Monitor performance and standard measures such as SDMT scores, walking speed, and brain volumetric data.
JOURNAL OF MEDICAL INTERNET RESEARCH
(2021)
Correction
Health Care Sciences & Services
Wan-Yu Hsu, William Rowles, Joaquin A. Anguera, Chao Zhao, Annika Anderson, Amber Alexander, Simone Sacco, Roland Henry, Adam Gazzaley, Riley Bove
JOURNAL OF MEDICAL INTERNET RESEARCH
(2021)
Article
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Jordan D. Chamberlain, Holly Gagnon, Poortata Lalwani, Kaitlin E. Cassady, Molly Simmonite, Rachael D. Seidler, Stephan F. Taylor, Daniel H. Weissman, Denise C. Park, Thad A. Polk
Summary: With aging, there is a decline in neural distinctiveness which may be related to a decrease in GABA levels, leading to less distinct neural activation patterns in the ventral visual cortex of older adults.
NEUROBIOLOGY OF AGING
(2021)
Review
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Tyler Fettrow, Kathleen Hupfeld, Grant Tays, David J. Clark, Patricia A. Reuter-Lorenz, Rachael D. Seidler
Summary: Studies have shown that older adults exhibit increased brain activity when performing cognitive tasks, which may indicate neural dysfunction or neural compensation. Including multiple task difficulty levels in future research can lead to a more advanced understanding of age-related changes in locomotor brain activity and support the development of targeted neural rehabilitation techniques.
NEUROBIOLOGY OF AGING
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Kate Oppegaard, Carolyn S. Harris, Joosun Shin, Steven M. Paul, Bruce A. Cooper, Alexandre Chan, Joaquin A. Anguera, Jon Levine, Yvette Conley, Marilyn Hammer, Christine A. Miaskowski, Raymond J. Chan, Kord M. Kober
Summary: This study aimed to evaluate associations between CRCI and changes in gene expression and inflammatory pathways. Findings revealed significant perturbations in inflammatory pathways among patients with and without CRCI.
Article
Health Care Sciences & Services
Wan-Yu Hsu, William Rowles, Joaquin A. Anguera, Annika Anderson, Jessica W. Younger, Samuel Friedman, Adam Gazzaley, Riley Bove
Summary: The study evaluated the feasibility and sensitivity of a tablet-based cognitive battery in patients with multiple sclerosis. The results showed a high correlation between the battery and traditional cognitive tests, indicating its potential as a digital cognitive assessment tool for individuals with MS.
JOURNAL OF MEDICAL INTERNET RESEARCH
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Analytical
Tian Bao, Fatemeh Noohi, Catherine Kinnaird, Wendy J. Carender, Vincent J. Barone, Geeta Peethambaran, Susan L. Whitney, Rachael D. Seidler, Kathleen H. Sienko
Summary: Long-term balance training with vibrotactile sensory augmentation has sustained effects on balance improvement and induces changes in brain activity pattern among community-dwelling healthy older adults.
Article
Neurosciences
Grant D. Tays, Kathleen E. Hupfeld, Heather R. McGregor, Nichole E. Beltran, Igor S. Kofman, Yiri E. De Dios, Edwin R. Mulder, Jacob J. Bloomberg, Ajitkumar P. Mulavara, Scott J. Wood, Rachael D. Seidler
Summary: Altered vestibular signaling and body unloading in microgravity leads to sensory reweighting and adaptation. The effectiveness of daily artificial gravity (AG) for mitigating brain and/or behavioral changes in 60 days of head-down tilt bed rest (HDBR) was examined. Results showed that the AG group exhibited similar behavioral adaptation effects as the control group (CTRLs), but had reduced brain activation in certain areas during the late HDBR phase. These findings suggest that AG may lead to a reduced recruitment of brain activity for motor processes and sensorimotor adaptation.
Correction
Health Care Sciences & Services
J. A. Anguera, M. A. Rowe, J. J. Volponi, M. Elkurdi, B. Jurigova, A. J. Simon, R. Anguera-Singla, C. L. Gallen, A. Gazzaley, E. J. Marco
NPJ DIGITAL MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Health Care Sciences & Services
J. A. Anguera, M. A. Rowe, J. J. Volponi, M. Elkurdi, B. Jurigova, A. J. Simon, R. Anguera-Singla, C. L. Gallen, A. Gazzaley, E. J. Marco
Summary: Inattention can have negative effects on a child's life, both at home and at school. Cognitive and physical interventions, such as a video game called BBT, have shown promise in improving attention abilities. This study found that incorporating BBT as an after-school program led to significant improvements in attention, as reported by parents and measured through cognitive tests and neural measures. These findings highlight the potential benefits of using integrated cognitive-physical interventions to enhance attention skills in children.
NPJ DIGITAL MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Neurosciences
Heather R. McGregor, Jessica K. Lee, Edwin R. Mulder, Yiri E. De Dios, Nichole E. Beltran, Scott J. Wood, Jacob J. Bloomberg, Ajitkumar P. Mulavara, Rachael D. Seidler
Summary: The study investigated how artificial gravity (AG) alters resting-state brain functional connectivity changes during head-down tilt bed rest (HDBR), a spaceflight analog. The results showed that AG can change the brain functional connectivity during HDBR and reduce balance and mobility declines. These findings suggest that AG could be an effective countermeasure for the reduced somatosensory stimulation that occurs in microgravity and HDBR.
Article
Health Care Sciences & Services
Nozipho Becker, Hyunjin C. Kim, Darius J. Bright, Robert Williams Iii, Joaquin A. Anguera, Emily A. Arnold, Parya Saberi, Torsten B. Neilands, Lance M. Pollack, Judy Y. Tan
Summary: The study designed the LetSync app using a couple-centered design approach to improve HIV engagement and treatment among Black sexual minority men and their partners. The findings revealed that participants showed interest in the future app use and provided feedback for improvement.
JMIR FORMATIVE RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Joaquin A. Anguera, Joshua J. Volponi, Alexander J. Simon, Courtney L. Gallen, Camarin E. Rolle, Roger Anguera-Singla, Erica A. Pitsch, Christian J. Thompson, Adam Gazzaley
Summary: Preserving attention abilities is crucial for older adults to maintain a high quality of life. This study examined the effectiveness of an integrated cognitive-physical training platform, a closed-loop video game, in enhancing attention and physical fitness of older adults. The results showed that the participants who engaged in the training improved both their physical fitness and attention abilities, with the attention improvement even surpassing that of a group of young adults. These findings emphasize the potential benefits of the integrated cognitive-physical training platform for older adults.