Article
Neurosciences
Taketoshi Sugimura, Yasuhiko Saito
Summary: Cholinergic inputs modulate cerebellar functions, with varying proportions of cholinergic neurons projecting from the prepositus hypoglossi nucleus (PHN) to different cerebellar regions. The study found that cholinergic PHN neurons project not only to the vestibulocerebellum but also to other areas, with differing proportions depending on the target cerebellar areas and the rostro-caudal regions of the PHN. This provides insights into the involvement of cerebellar cholinergic networks in gaze holding.
JOURNAL OF COMPARATIVE NEUROLOGY
(2021)
Article
Behavioral Sciences
Cristian Gutierrez-Ibanez, Lutz Kettler, Madison C. Pilon, Catherine E. Carr, Douglas R. Wylie
Summary: This study fills an important knowledge gap in crocodilian neurobiology by describing the origin of climbing and mossy fiber inputs in the cerebellum of the American Alligator for the first time. The findings show that inputs to the cerebellum in the American alligator are similar to those of other non-avian reptiles and birds.
BRAIN BEHAVIOR AND EVOLUTION
(2023)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Ari A. Shemesh, Koray Kocoglu, Guelden Akdal, Rahmi Tuemay Ala, G. Michael Halmagyi, David S. Zee, Jorge Otero-Millan
Summary: Modeling suggests that the gain of the rotation feedback loop plays a crucial role in explaining the variability of PAN patients' responses to changes in head orientation relative to gravity.
JOURNAL OF THE NEUROLOGICAL SCIENCES
(2022)
Review
Clinical Neurology
Moussa Toudou-Daouda, Cosmin Alecu, Nicolas Chausson, Nana Rahamatou Aminou-Tassiou, Leonard Smadja, Djibril Soumah, Manvel Aghasaryan, Tony Al Tarcha, Didier Smadja
Summary: Isolated cerebellar nodulus infarction (ICNI) and acute peripheral vestibulopathy (APV) share great clinical similarity, but can be differentiated by specific symptoms. Discriminant clinical elements of ICNI include direction-changing gaze-evoked nystagmus, bilateral leaning or falling, and a normal head impulse test.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL NEUROSCIENCE
(2021)
Article
Neurosciences
Maxine Ruehl, Rebecca Kimmel, Matthias Ertl, Julian Conrad, Peter Zu Eulenburg
Summary: This study provides the first in vivo evidence for the neural substrates of the velocity storage mechanism (VSM) using high-resolution infratentorial fMRI and video-oculography. The results highlight the importance of cerebellar feedback loops in VSM and provide insights into the function and embedment of Crus I, Crus II, and lobule VII and VIII in the human vestibular system.
Article
Neurosciences
Kevin Yu, William E. Wood, Leah G. Johnston, Frederic E. Theunissen
Summary: This article discusses topics related to sound such as auditory cortex, auditory memory, auditory pallium, individual recognition, voice neuron, and voice recognition.
JOURNAL OF NEUROSCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Behavioral Sciences
Brandon T. Craig, Adam Morrill, Britt Anderson, James Danckert, Christopher L. Striemer
Summary: This study investigated the impact of cerebellar damage on spatial, temporal, and sustained attention for the first time. Results showed that cerebellar damage affected reflexive covert attention and attentional blink tasks, but not voluntary covert attention or the sustained attention to response task. Damage to Crus II of the left posterior cerebellum was associated with impaired performance on certain attention tasks. These findings suggest that specific cerebellar regions may play a role in both spatial and temporal visual attention.
Article
Neurosciences
Jacek Furtak, Paulina Sledzinska, Marek G. Bebyn, Tadeusz Szylberg, Stanislaw Krajewski, Marcin Birski, Marek Harat
Summary: The study evaluated the safety and efficacy of infratentorial stereotactic biopsy of brainstem or cerebellar lesions, finding it to be generally safe and reliable. Patients with high-grade gliomas were more frequently seropositive for Toxoplasma gondii, indicating a potential relationship between toxoplasmosis and gliomagenesis that requires further investigation.
Article
Neurosciences
Shachar Givon, Renana Altsuler-Nagar, Naama Oring, Ehud Vinepinsky, Ronen Segev
Summary: This study found that both the medial and lateral pallium are essential for navigation and spatial memory in fish. The results challenge the assumption that only one distinct region of the pallium is involved in spatial memory in teleost fish.
BRAIN RESEARCH BULLETIN
(2023)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Christoph Helmchen, Bjoern Machner, Hannes Schwenke, Andreas Sprenger
Summary: This study investigated the effect of bilateral deep cerebellar nuclei lesions on the initial acceleration of human smooth pursuit and other types of eye movements. The results showed that the initial pursuit acceleration was not significantly reduced in patients with bilateral lesions. The findings suggest independent influences on the neural processes controlling saccadic and pursuit eye movements in the deep cerebellar nuclei.
FRONTIERS IN NEUROLOGY
(2022)
Article
Psychology, Experimental
Roland Neumann, Juliane Voelker, Zsuzsanna Hajba, Sigrid Seiler
Summary: This study demonstrated that both patients with brain lesions and healthy students showed differences in recognizing their own and others' emotions. Lesions impaired emotion recognition, while working memory load exclusively decreased recognition of others' emotions.
COGNITION & EMOTION
(2021)
Article
Behavioral Sciences
In-Beom Jin, Yong-Jae Jeon, Jeiwon Cho, Jung-Soo Han
Summary: Recent studies have shown that the LHb plays a critical role in mediating the association between CS and the absence of US. The LHb is involved in the conditioned inhibitory properties of CS acquired through explicit unpaired training, but preexposure to the same number of lights does not significantly retard the acquisition of subsequent excitatory associations.
BEHAVIOURAL BRAIN RESEARCH
(2023)
Review
Clinical Neurology
Yuyuan Yang, Meng Wang, Lulu Xu, Meixiang Zhong, Yajuan Wang, Moxin Luan, Xingao Li, Xueping Zheng
Summary: This systematic review investigates the relationship between the location of cerebellar and/or brainstem lesions and prognosis in multiple sclerosis. The findings suggest that cerebellar and/or brainstem lesions are associated with a poor overall prognosis in multiple sclerosis, but more clinical data is needed due to inconsistency.
FRONTIERS IN NEUROLOGY
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Sara Berglund, Kristofer Doos, Sjoerd Groeskamp, Trevor J. McDougall
Summary: The Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation (AMOC) is crucial for regulating Earth's climate, and a new feature related to the northward flowing component of AMOC within the North Atlantic Subtropical Gyre has been identified. It has been found that 70% of the northward flowing water in AMOC circulates within the Gyre before continuing its northward path. This circulation is important for increasing density and depth, which in turn affect the strength and variability of AMOC and heat transport towards the north.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Yuchen Du, Alex McSkimming, Joel T. Mague, Robert A. Pascal
Summary: Tetradecaphenyl-p-terphenyl (2) was synthesized using two different methods, and its structure was found to possess distorted aromatic rings.
CHEMISTRY-A EUROPEAN JOURNAL
(2022)