Article
Economics
Srijith Balakrishnan, Taehoon Lim, Zhanmin Zhang
Summary: This study proposes a framework and methodology to analyze the economic risks of hurricane-related port disruptions and evaluates their impact on the U.S. economy using a case study of the Texas Port System.
TRANSPORTATION RESEARCH PART A-POLICY AND PRACTICE
(2022)
Article
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
Ke Li, Cuiyang Feng, Yuhan Liang, Jianchuan Qi, Yumeng Li, Hui Li, Sai Liang, Zhifeng Yang
Summary: Food and water resources are closely interconnected through economic supply chains, with some critical sectors acting as transmission centers. Improving the production efficiency of these sectors could indirectly reduce water usage in the entire supply chain. The study identifies agricultural sectors in Shandong, Heilongjiang, and Hubei as the top three transmission sectors, emphasizing the importance of inter-regional and inter-sectoral cooperation.
JOURNAL OF CLEANER PRODUCTION
(2021)
Article
Business
Yiming Li, Zhaohua Wang, Weijun He, Yuandong Zhao, Ming Xu, Bin Zhang
Summary: This study identifies critical transmission sectors for CO2 emissions in China in 2012, such as the Chemical industry, Metallurgy, and Electricity production sectors. Improving production efficiency in these sectors has the potential to significantly reduce CO2 emissions downstream and upstream in their supply chains.
TECHNOLOGICAL FORECASTING AND SOCIAL CHANGE
(2021)
Article
Computer Science, Information Systems
Stig Rune Sellevag
Summary: This study investigates changes in interdependencies between Norway's mainland industry sectors and their impact on national security. Construction and food industries are crucial for Norway, and disruptions in these sectors could seriously affect national security. Efforts to enhance resilience in agriculture and food industries and to understand the interdependencies between the construction industry and other sectors are recommended.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CRITICAL INFRASTRUCTURE PROTECTION
(2021)
Article
Thermodynamics
Cuiyang Feng, Liyan Dong, Muhsen Adbiat, Lixiao Xu, Ao Yu
Summary: The transition of energy supply system is crucial for achieving carbon neutrality as carbon emissions are mostly caused by fossil fuel consumption. Previous studies focused on proposing sector-specific strategies for energy conservation, mainly targeting sectors that directly or indirectly drive significant energy usage at both ends of the supply chain. However, intermediate transmission centers, which transmit substantial energy use, are often overlooked. This study uses a betweenness-based method to identify critical transmission sectors for different energy types at the inter-provincial level in China. The results show that certain provinces like Shandong and Jiangsu, as well as sectors such as smelting and processing of metals and manufacture of chemical products, play crucial roles in energy transmission, with raw coal having the highest transmission volume. Some critical transmission sectors, like the production and distribution of electric power and heat power in Beijing, receive less attention from production-based or consumption-based perspectives. Additionally, the development of renewable energy is changing energy transmission patterns, and the betweenness-based results should be considered as complementary strategies for energy sustainable development to promote a low-carbon economy.
Article
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
Wenhuan Wang, Yi He, Yu Lei, Wenqi Gao, Yineng Li, Hanlin Lan, Shiheng Zhuang, Mikael Hook
Summary: The rapid growth of the digital economy has caused a significant CO2 emission problem in China, due to the massive demand for electricity and the coal-based power generation. This study assessed CO2 emissions in the digital economy sectors, identified key transmission centers, and suggested measures to decarbonize and reduce CO2 emissions.
JOURNAL OF CLEANER PRODUCTION
(2023)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Joost Santos, Sisi Meng, Pallab Mozumder
Summary: This article develops an integrated economic input-output model using household-level survey data from Hurricane Sandy in 2012 to analyze critical infrastructure failures and economic losses in New Jersey. By combining survey data and modeling, the study estimated an economic loss of $36 billion in the region. The results provide important insights for future disaster preparedness and resilience planning.
Article
Economics
Tasos Kitsos, Simone Maria Grabner, Andre Carrascal-Incera
Summary: This study examines the impact of local industrial embeddedness on regional resistance to the 2008 Great Recession in EU and UK regions, revealing the importance of the sales and supplies embeddedness of local economic systems for regional resilience.
ECONOMIC GEOGRAPHY
(2023)
Article
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
Wen Wen, Cuiyang Feng, Hao Zhou, Li Zhang, Xiaohui Wu, Jianchuan Qi, Xuechun Yang, Yuhan Liang
Summary: The identification of critical provincial transmission sectors for CO2 emissions is crucial for achieving China's mitigation goals. Using a betweenness-based method, this study found that some sectors in the intermediate supply chains are important for emission transmission but often overlooked. Understanding the spatiotemporal variations in critical sectors can inform region-specific policy formulation for CO2 mitigation, highlighting the importance of considering betweenness-based results as a complement to policy decisions.
RENEWABLE & SUSTAINABLE ENERGY REVIEWS
(2021)
Article
Energy & Fuels
Dongxiao Xu, Yan Zhang, Bin Chen, Junhong Bai, Gengyuan Liu, Boyu Zhang
Summary: The research decomposed carbon emission processes using multi-regional input-output tables, analyzed the tier structure of global carbon transfer paths, traced critical carbon transfer paths, identified key sectors, and provided scientific guidance for global emission reduction policies by understanding the relationships between key paths and sectors.
Article
Engineering, Industrial
Mateusz Iwo Dubaniowski, Hans Rudolf Heinimann
Summary: Understanding the impact of disruptions on infrastructure systems, households, and businesses is crucial for assessing the resilience of urban systems. The study presents a framework for modeling interdependencies between households, businesses, and infrastructure systems, and explores the cost of 8 disruption scenarios in a specific area of Singapore. Results confirm that multi-system failures have the largest impact on urban areas, and disruptions disproportionately affect small vulnerable areas. Additionally, disruptions to utility systems are found to be more costly than to easily reconfigurable businesses or transportation networks, with key factors influencing the application of the framework identified for future research.
RELIABILITY ENGINEERING & SYSTEM SAFETY
(2021)
Article
Economics
Keitaro Maeno
Summary: Based on recent events, global supply chain restructuring has become an important issue in industries worldwide. This study investigates the impacts of GSC restructuring in a specific sector on the global carbon footprint and develops a practical framework for CO2 reduction.
Article
Engineering, Chemical
S. Z. Y. Foong, V Andiappan, K. B. Aviso, N. G. Chemmangattuvalappil, R. R. Tan, K. D. S. Yu, D. K. S. Ng
Summary: The article presents a systematic approach to quantify the criticality of economic sectors and rank them based on their importance. The approach uses a sector criticality index (SCI) based on five criteria, including economic impact, connectivity, sector size, income multiplier, and employment. A case study is provided to illustrate the application of the proposed approach.
JOURNAL OF THE TAIWAN INSTITUTE OF CHEMICAL ENGINEERS
(2022)
Review
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
Robert Osei-Kyei, Vivian Tam, Mingxue Ma, Fidelis Mashiri
Summary: This study critically analyzed potential threats to governments' efforts and capacity in building CI resilience. Researchers have shown increased interest in exploring threats in CIs resilience, with most research publications originating from the United States and United Kingdom. By identifying 31 main threats, the findings of this study offer a foundation for future research and policy-making.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF DISASTER RISK REDUCTION
(2021)
Article
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
Kehan He, Zhifu Mi, Long Chen, D'Maris Coffman, Sai Liang
Summary: Our study reveals that Henan province serves as a transmission hub of the embodied atmospheric mercury emission network in China, with metallurgy, chemical, and construction industries playing key roles in transmitting mercury emissions. By focusing on transmission processes, this research can aid policy makers in enhancing mercury control measures for comprehensive atmospheric mercury emission control.
JOURNAL OF INDUSTRIAL ECOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Transportation
Zizhen Xu, Chuwei Zhang, Shauhrat S. Chopra
Summary: This research evaluates node percolation in the transportation domain, specifically in the public bus transit system, and assesses the impact of post-disruption response measures on network robustness. The study finds that the dependent network model of public bus transit becomes increasingly vulnerable to infrastructure failures, but response measures are effective up to a certain level of disruption. Furthermore, the research provides prescriptive insights into the design of transportation contingency plans.
TRANSPORTMETRICA B-TRANSPORT DYNAMICS
(2023)
Article
Computer Science, Information Systems
Mazin Abed Mohammed, Mahmood Jamal Abdulhasan, Nallapaneni Manoj Kumar, Karrar Hameed Abdulkareem, Salama A. Mostafa, Mashael S. Maashi, Layth Salman Khalid, Hayder Saadoon Abdulaali, Shauhrat S. Chopra
Summary: This research proposes a digital model for waste classification in smart cities using artificial neural networks and feature fusion techniques. The model achieves an accuracy of 91.7% in automatically classifying waste types based on recycling requirements, improving waste sorting services and recycling decisions.
MULTIMEDIA TOOLS AND APPLICATIONS
(2023)
Review
Environmental Sciences
Shimul Roy, Yun Fat Lam, Shauhrat S. Chopra, Md. Mahbubul Hoque
Summary: This study analyzed anthropogenic emissions in Asia from different sectors and observed a significant increase in pollutants in ASEAN countries from 2000 to 2015. The power generation, road transportation, and residential sectors were identified as major contributors to pollution. The findings highlight the importance of reviewing and updating emission control regulations for air quality management and environmental sustainability in ASEAN countries.
AEROSOL AND AIR QUALITY RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Environmental Sciences
David von Eiff, Joonho Yeo, Alicia Kyoungjin An, Shauhrat S. Chopra
Summary: Increasing urbanization and climate change stress urban water supply systems. Alternative water supply sources like desalination and water reclamation are energy intensive and costly, but a fit-for-purpose water policy using water reclamation can mitigate emissions and lower water prices.
JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT
(2023)
Article
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
Joe F. Bozeman, Shauhrat S. Chopra, Philip James, Sajjad Muhammad, Hua Cai, Kangkang Tong, Maya Carrasquillo, Harold Rickenbacker, Destenie Nock, Weslynne Ashton, Oliver Heidrich, Sybil Derrible, Melissa Bilec
Summary: Now is the time to refocus efforts in urban research and design to address the unique challenges presented by climate change and extreme weather events. Three research priorities for just and sustainable urban systems are social equity and justice, circularity, and digital twins. These priorities include initiatives such as equity analysis, integration metrics, and reducing complexity in the development of digital twins.
JOURNAL OF INDUSTRIAL ECOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Shauhrat Singh Chopra, Liang Dong, Guneet Kaur, Christophe Len, Carol Sze Ki Lin
Summary: Textile waste is a global concern and valorising it into value-added products is crucial to divert it from landfills. Rapid innovation in valorisation technologies for different textiles and blends is promising. However, benchmarking and comparing these technologies is essential before scaling up to fit the local circular economy. This article emphasizes the use of life cycle assessment to evaluate the environmental, social, and economic implications for selecting appropriate textile waste valorisation pathways based on waste stream and local demand.
CURRENT OPINION IN GREEN AND SUSTAINABLE CHEMISTRY
(2023)
Article
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
Zi-Hao Qin, Xiaomeng Hu, Jin-Hua Mou, Guo-Hui He, Guang-Bin Ye, Hong-Ye Li, Shauhrat Singh Chopra, Liang Dong, Carol Sze Ki Lin, Xiang Wang
Summary: This study conducted Life Cycle Assessments (LCA) to evaluate the environmental impact of laboratory-scale EPA production by Phaeodactylum tricornutum. The results showed that technical advancements, particularly metabolic engineering, significantly reduced the global warming potential and cumulative energy demand associated with EPA production. Electricity consumption and extraction solvents were identified as the main contributors to the environmental impact. The study suggests future directions should focus on increasing EPA productivity, adopting alternative cultivation approaches with less energy input, and implementing environmentally friendly methods for EPA recovery.
JOURNAL OF CLEANER PRODUCTION
(2023)
Article
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
Nallapaneni Manoj Kumar, Shauhrat S. Chopra
Summary: Grape farms in India face climate risks and sustainability challenges, but a novel Grapevoltaics farm design proposes resource sharing between grape farmers and solar plant operators to support resilience and sustainability. Blockchain-enabled Grapevoltaics (BCeDGVs) with smart contracts are used to enhance stakeholder engagement. The results show the potential for electricity generation, grape yields, rainwater harvest, and economic benefits, indicating the promotion of low carbon and climate resilient grape cultivation in India. The study also suggests integration with the Government of India's GrapeNet platform.
Article
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
Nallapaneni Manoj Kumar, Shauhrat S. Chopra
Summary: Parked electric vehicles are considered a low-carbon and resilient solution for load frequency control problems in interconnected power systems. However, their participation brings multiple challenges such as trust, traceability, and transparency. To address these issues, we propose a product life-extension circular business model and a blockchain-based buffer storage system for spent EV batteries. Simulation results show that the blockchain-based participatory smart contracts and particle swarm optimization-based controller effectively optimize the system under various disruptive scenarios.
SUSTAINABLE ENERGY TECHNOLOGIES AND ASSESSMENTS
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Mingyi Jia, Muhammad Usman Farid, Jehad A. Kharraz, Nallapaneni Manoj Kumar, Shauhrat S. Chopra, Am Jang, John Chew, Samir Kumar Khanal, Guanghao Chen, Alicia Kyoungjin
Summary: Since their discovery in 1994, nanobubbles have attracted increasing attention and have been studied for their properties in various environmental fields. However, disagreements in the literature have hindered their practical implementation. This review aims to provide a comprehensive analysis of recent progress in nanobubble research for water and wastewater treatment, including challenges and prospects.
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Xiaomeng Hu, Jiaxin Guo, Alicia K. J. An, Shauhrat S. Chopra
Summary: Membrane distillation is an important technology for water desalination and purification, addressing global water security and aquatic ecosystem destruction. Recent improvements in electrospun membranes have enhanced their performance. However, the environmental impacts of producing these membranes need further clarification. Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) is a suitable tool to evaluate the environmental performance of novel membranes, but the lack of detailed datasets for emerging technologies poses challenges. A dynamic LCA is performed to guide the sustainable design and selection of electrospun membranes for dyeing wastewater treatment, highlighting the high energy demands associated with their production. The EPDMS membrane emerges as a promising option due to its low impact/benefit ratio and high performance in treating dyeing wastewater.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Zizhen Xu, Shauhrat S. Chopra
Summary: The growing interconnectedness of networked infrastructures has complex implications for resilience in urban environments. Xu and Chopra use network resilience analysis to quantify these effects and emphasize the benefits of topological interconnectedness in multimodal public transportation systems. Understanding the resilience of interconnected infrastructure systems is crucial for effectively managing unforeseen disruptions.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2023)
Editorial Material
Psychology, Multidisciplinary
Permagnus Lindborg, Shauhrat S. Chopra, Katharina Gross-Vogt
FRONTIERS IN PSYCHOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Congcan Shi, Tianqi Wang, Shimul Roy, Shauhrat S. Chopra, Guangxue Chen, Jin Shang, Junfei Tian, Yong Sik Ok
Summary: Oil pollution in water is a global issue that requires an efficient method for separating oil-water mixtures. We developed a sustainable method using functionalized organic waste. We created superhydrophobic SiO2 nanoparticle-fabricated spent coffee grounds (SSD-SCGs) that rapidly adsorb various oils in water, including crude oil, with high removal efficiency. The SSD-SCGs can effectively separate oil-water emulsions and can be easily regenerated, and even converted into a fuel source, achieving the goal of waste-to-energy conversion. This study demonstrates the potential of using agricultural waste to address multiple challenges related to sustainable development.
ACS ES&T ENGINEERING
(2023)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Shimul Roy, Ying Yi Jodie Chu, Shauhrat S. Chopra
Summary: This study assessed the contribution of mechanically recycled cotton to reducing environmental impacts in fabric production. It found that recycled cotton can partially substitute 100% virgin cotton and implementing a "Take-Back" system can reduce environmental impacts and contribute to environmental sustainability.
RESOURCES CONSERVATION & RECYCLING ADVANCES
(2023)
Article
Physics, Multidisciplinary
Xiaoyu Shi, Jian Zhang, Xia Jiang, Juan Chen, Wei Hao, Bo Wang
Summary: This study presents a novel framework using offline reinforcement learning to improve energy consumption in road transportation. By leveraging real-world human driving trajectories, the proposed method achieves significant improvements in energy consumption. The offline learning approach demonstrates generalizability across different scenarios.
PHYSICA A-STATISTICAL MECHANICS AND ITS APPLICATIONS
(2024)
Article
Physics, Multidisciplinary
Junhyuk Woo, Soon Ho Kim, Hyeongmo Kim, Kyungreem Han
Summary: Reservoir computing (RC) is a new machine-learning framework that uses an abstract neural network model to process information from complex dynamical systems. This study investigates the neuronal and network dynamics of liquid state machines (LSMs) using numerical simulations and classification tasks. The findings suggest that the computational performance of LSMs is closely related to the dynamic range, with a larger dynamic range resulting in higher performance.
PHYSICA A-STATISTICAL MECHANICS AND ITS APPLICATIONS
(2024)
Article
Physics, Multidisciplinary
Yuwei Yang, Zhuoxuan Li, Jun Chen, Zhiyuan Liu, Jinde Cao
Summary: This paper proposes an extreme learning machine (ELM) algorithm based on residual correction and Tent chaos sequence (TRELM-DROP) for accurate prediction of traffic flow. The algorithm reduces the impact of randomness in traffic flow through the Tent chaos strategy and residual correction method, and avoids weight optimization using the iterative method. A DROP strategy is introduced to improve the algorithm's ability to predict traffic flow under varying conditions.
PHYSICA A-STATISTICAL MECHANICS AND ITS APPLICATIONS
(2024)
Article
Physics, Multidisciplinary
Chengwei Dong, Min Yang, Lian Jia, Zirun Li
Summary: This work presents a novel three-dimensional system with multiple types of coexisting attractors, and investigates its dynamics using various methods. The mechanism of chaos emergence is explored, and the periodic orbits in the system are studied using the variational method. A symbolic coding method is successfully established to classify the short cycles. The flexibility and validity of the system are demonstrated through analogous circuit implementation. Various chaos-based applications are also presented to show the system's feasibility.
PHYSICA A-STATISTICAL MECHANICS AND ITS APPLICATIONS
(2024)
Article
Physics, Multidisciplinary
Viorel Badescu
Summary: This article discusses the maximum work extraction from confined particles energy, considering both reversible and irreversible processes. The results vary for different types of particles and conditions. The concept of exergy cannot be defined for particles that undergo spontaneous creation and annihilation. It is also noted that the Carnot efficiency is not applicable to the conversion of confined thermal radiation into work.
PHYSICA A-STATISTICAL MECHANICS AND ITS APPLICATIONS
(2024)
Article
Physics, Multidisciplinary
P. M. Centres, D. J. Perez-Morelo, R. Guzman, L. Reinaudi, M. C. Gimenez
Summary: In this study, a phenomenological investigation of epidemic spread was conducted using a model of agent diffusion over a square region based on the SIR model. Two possible contagion mechanisms were considered, and it was observed that the number of secondary infections produced by an individual during its infectious period depended on various factors.
PHYSICA A-STATISTICAL MECHANICS AND ITS APPLICATIONS
(2024)
Article
Physics, Multidisciplinary
Zuan Jin, Minghui Ma, Shidong Liang, Hongguang Yao
Summary: This study proposes a differential variable speed limit (DVSL) control strategy considering lane assignment, which sets dynamic speed limits for each lane to attract vehicle lane-changing behaviors before the bottleneck and reduce the impact of traffic capacity drop. Experimental results show that the proposed DVSL control strategy can alleviate traffic congestion and improve efficiency.
PHYSICA A-STATISTICAL MECHANICS AND ITS APPLICATIONS
(2024)
Article
Physics, Multidisciplinary
Matthew Dicks, Andrew Paskaramoorthy, Tim Gebbie
Summary: In this study, we investigate the learning dynamics of a single reinforcement learning optimal execution trading agent when it interacts with an event-driven agent-based financial market model. The results show that the agents with smaller state spaces converge faster and are able to intuitively learn to trade using spread and volume states. The introduction of the learning agent has a robust impact on the moments of the model, except for the Hurst exponent, which decreases, and it can increase the micro-price volatility as trading volumes increase.
PHYSICA A-STATISTICAL MECHANICS AND ITS APPLICATIONS
(2024)
Article
Physics, Multidisciplinary
Zhouzhou Yao, Xianyu Wu, Yang Yang, Ning Li
Summary: This paper developed a cooperative lane-changing decision system based on digital technology and indirect reciprocity. By introducing image scoring and a Q-learning based reinforcement learning algorithm, drivers can continuously evaluate gains and adjust their strategies. The study shows that this decision system can improve driver cooperation and traffic efficiency, achieving over 50% cooperation probability under any connected vehicles penetration and traffic density, and reaching 100% cooperation probability under high penetration and medium to high traffic density.
PHYSICA A-STATISTICAL MECHANICS AND ITS APPLICATIONS
(2024)
Article
Physics, Multidisciplinary
Josephine Nanyondo, Henry Kasumba
Summary: This paper presents a multi-class Aw-Rascle (AR) model with area occupancy expressed in terms of vehicle class proportions. The qualitative properties of the proposed equilibrium velocity and the stability conditions of the model are established. The numerical results show the effect of proportional densities on the flow of vehicle classes, indicating the realism of the proposed model.
PHYSICA A-STATISTICAL MECHANICS AND ITS APPLICATIONS
(2024)
Article
Physics, Multidisciplinary
Oliver Smirnov
Summary: This study proposes a new method for simultaneously estimating the parameters of the 2D Ising model. The method solves a constrained optimization problem, where the objective function is a pseudo-log-likelihood and the constraint is the Hamiltonian of the external field. Monte Carlo simulations were conducted using models of different shapes and sizes to evaluate the performance of the method with and without the Hamiltonian constraint. The results demonstrate that the proposed estimation method yields lower variance across all model shapes and sizes compared to a simple pseudo-maximum likelihood.
PHYSICA A-STATISTICAL MECHANICS AND ITS APPLICATIONS
(2024)
Article
Physics, Multidisciplinary
Przemyslaw Chelminiak
Summary: The study investigates the first-passage properties of a non-linear diffusion equation with diffusivity dependent on the concentration/probability density through a power-law relationship. The survival probability and first-passage time distribution are determined based on the power-law exponent, and both exact and approximate expressions are derived, along with their asymptotic representations. The results pertain to diffusing particles that are either freely or harmonically trapped. The mean first-passage time is finite for the harmonically trapped particle, while it is divergent for the freely diffusing particle.
PHYSICA A-STATISTICAL MECHANICS AND ITS APPLICATIONS
(2024)
Article
Physics, Multidisciplinary
Hidemaro Suwa
Summary: The choice of transition kernel is crucial for the performance of the Markov chain Monte Carlo method. A one-parameter rejection control transition kernel is proposed, and it is shown that the rejection process plays a significant role in determining the sampling efficiency.
PHYSICA A-STATISTICAL MECHANICS AND ITS APPLICATIONS
(2024)
Article
Physics, Multidisciplinary
Xudong Wang, Yao Chen
Summary: This article investigates the joint influence of expanding medium and constant force on particle diffusion. By starting from the Langevin picture and introducing the effect of external force in two different ways, two models with different force terms are obtained. Detailed analysis and derivation yield the Fokker-Planck equations and moments for the two models. The sustained force behaves as a decoupled force, while the intermittent force changes the diffusion behavior with specific effects depending on the expanding rate of the medium.
PHYSICA A-STATISTICAL MECHANICS AND ITS APPLICATIONS
(2024)