Article
Immunology
Moussa Labsi, Imene Soufli, Houda Belguendouz, Sara Djebbara, Leila Hannachi, Zine-Charaf Amir, Chafia Touil-Boukoffa
Summary: The study found that DMF treatment significantly reduced levels of nitric oxide and TNF-alpha in experimental autoimmune uveoretinitis, while improving the histological structure of the eyes, demonstrating potential therapeutic effects.
INFLAMMOPHARMACOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Cell Biology
Lisa Wohlgemuth, Alexander Elias Paul Stratmann, Frederik Muennich, Stefan Bernhard, Bertram Dietrich Thomass, Finn Munnich, Adam Omar Khalaf Mohamed, Marco Mannes, Christoph Quirin Schmidt, Kristina Nilsson Ekdahl, Bo Nilsson, Michael Fauler, Karl Josef Fohr, Markus Huber-Lang, David Alexander Christian Messerer
Summary: The early interactions between neutrophil granulocytes and complement cleavage products play a crucial role in neutrophil activity. While C3a and C4a have no significant effects, C5a and C5a des-Arg stimulate neutrophil activity and alter the expression of various receptors and activation markers.
Review
Immunology
Jovan Schanzenbacher, Joerg Koehl, Christian M. Karsten
Summary: The complement system is an important part of the innate immune system with a complex role in autoimmunity. Dysregulation of the complement system has been associated with the development of autoimmune disorders. Anaphylatoxins, such as C3a and C5a, play a crucial role in the inflammatory response during autoimmunity and regulate both innate and adaptive immune responses.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Marta Budkowska, Ewa Ostrycharz, Natalia Maria Serwin, Lukasz Nazarewski, Elzbieta Cecerska-Heryc, Marta Porecka, Pawel Rykowski, Radoslaw Pietrzak, Krzysztof Zieniewicz, Aldona Siennicka, Beata Hukowska-Szematowicz, Barbara Dolegowska
Summary: The aim of this study was to evaluate the concentration of selected biomarkers of complement system activation in the serum of liver transplant patients before and after transplantation. The study showed that the concentrations of complement system components changed before and after liver transplantation, with a direct increase in components 24 hours after transplantation likely affecting liver damage and an increase two weeks after transplantation potentially contributing to transplant tolerance.
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Krzysztof Palgan
Summary: This paper provides a review of IgE-independent anaphylaxis, with a focus on mast cells, basophils, anaphylactic mediators, risk factors, triggers, and management.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Oncology
Franck Ah-Pine, Axelle Malaterre-Septembre, Yosra Bedoui, Mohamed Khettab, James W. Neal, Sebastien Freppel, Philippe Gasque
Summary: Recent studies have found that complement activation plays a role in promoting cancer within the tumor microenvironment. The aim of this study was to assess the expression of C3a and its receptor C3aR in primary and metastatic brain tumors. The researchers observed high expression of C3aR in Grade 4 diffuse gliomas, particularly in glioblastoma multiforme and astrocytoma. C3aR was found in tumor-associated macrophages, suggesting pro-angiogenic and tumor growth-supporting activities.
Article
Immunology
Xin Rong Lim, Grace Yin Lai Chan, Justina Wei Lynn Tan, Carol Yee Leng Ng, Choon Guan Chua, Guat Bee Tan, Stephrene Seok Wei Chan, Kiat Hoe Ong, Ying Zhi Tan, Sarah Hui Zhen Tan, Claire Min Li Teo, Samuel Shang Ming Lee, Bernard Yu Hor Thong, Bernard Pui Lam Leung
Summary: The mechanisms of immediate-type hypersensitivity reactions to the Pfizer BNT162b2 vaccine and the response of antibodies to the polyethylene glycol (PEG)ylated lipid nanoparticle were investigated in this study. The study found that patients with immediate-type hypersensitivity reactions to the vaccine showed elevated levels of C5a and Th2-related cytokines, along with higher levels of IgM antibodies and ICAM-1. These findings suggest that acute hypersensitivity reactions to the BNT162b2 vaccine may be pseudo-allergic reactions mediated by the activation of C5a and are independent of IgE mechanisms.
Article
Dermatology
William D. Jackson, Alessandro Gulino, Liliane Fossati-Jimack, Rocio Castro Seoane, Kunyuan Tian, Katie Best, Joerg Koehl, Beatrice Belmonte, Jessica Strid, Marina Botto
Summary: Research suggests that the complement system plays a role in cSCC, with C3 driving tumorigenesis during chronic skin inflammation independently of downstream generation of C5a or membrane attack complex.
JOURNAL OF INVESTIGATIVE DERMATOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Immunology
Alexandru Tatomir, Austin Beltrand, Vinh Nguyen, Dallas Boodhoo, Armugam Mekala, Cornelia Cudrici, Tudor C. Badea, Dafin F. Muresanu, Violeta Rus, Horea Rus
Summary: Astrocytes play a crucial role in the pathogenesis of multiple sclerosis, with the absence of RGC-32 leading to immature astrocyte differentiation and inability to become reactive astrocytes during EAE. The study found that RGC-32 regulates multiple molecular networks related to astrocyte differentiation, growth factor expression, and extracellular matrix remodeling, affecting factors like IGF1, IGFBPs, and CTGF expression, as well as the nuclear translocation of STAT3 essential for astrogliogenesis.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Immunology
Bandar Alosaimi, Ayman Mubarak, Maaweya E. Hamed, Abdullah Z. Almutairi, Ahmed A. Alrashed, Abdullah AlJuryyan, Mushira Enani, Faris Q. Alenzi, Wael Alturaiki
Summary: This study revealed elevated levels of complement proteins and inflammatory cytokines in critical COVID-19 patients, along with decreased levels of factor I and C4-BP. Higher levels of C5a, C3a, and factor P were associated with non-survival patients, along with increased IL-1 beta, IL-6, and IL-8 levels. These findings suggest the potential prognostic utility of the complement system in predicting COVID-19 severity and mortality.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Jigar Desai, Dhaneshwar Kumar, Tilo Freiwald, Daniel Chauss, Melissa D. Johnson, Michael S. Abers, Julie M. Steinbrink, John R. Perfect, Barbara Alexander, Vasiliki Matzaraki, Brendan D. Snarr, Marissa A. Zarakas, Vasileios Oikonomou, Lakmali M. Silva, Raju Shivarathri, Emily Beltran, Luciana Negro Demontel, Luopin Wang, Jean K. Lim, Dylan Launder, Heather R. Conti, Muthulekha Swamydas, Micah T. McClain, Niki M. Moutsopoulos, Majid Kazemian, Mihai G. Netea, Vinod Kumar, Jorg Kohl, Claudia Kemper, Behdad Afzali, Michail S. Lionakis
Summary: Systemic candidiasis, a common and high-mortality nosocomial fungal infection, can be a complication of anti-complement C5-targeted monoclonal antibody treatment, which highlights the important role of C5 in antifungal immunity. Transcription of complement system genes was found to be the top biological pathway induced in candidemic patients and predictive of candidemia. Mechanistically, C5a-C5aR1 promotes fungal clearance and host survival in a mouse model of systemic candidiasis by enhancing phagocyte effector function and ensuring survival in infected tissues. Local production of C5 by phagocytes provides a crucial substrate for antifungal protection.
Review
Immunology
Samer Kareem, Alexander Jacob, John Mathew, Richard J. Quigg, Jessy J. Alexander
Summary: The complement system, a part of the innate immune system, is crucial in maintaining health and combating diseases. It is a highly complex system with dual functions that can either help or harm the host depending on the location and microenvironment. The traditional functions include pathogen recognition and elimination, while the noncanonical functions involve development, differentiation, and cellular homeostasis. Understanding the diverse functions and location-based responses of complement is essential in designing effective therapies.
Article
Ophthalmology
Yasuhiko Sato, Hiroshi Keino, Makiko Nakayama, Mirai Kano, Annabelle A. Okada
Summary: The injection of IL-2 complex and IL-2 complex/rapamycin was found to increase regulatory T cells and delay the onset of EAU in mice. However, there were limitations in using IL-2 complex or IL-2 complex/rapamycin at different stages of the experiment.
OCULAR IMMUNOLOGY AND INFLAMMATION
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Carolin Schmidt, Sabrina Weissmueller, Fabian Bohlaender, Matthias Germer, Martin Koenig, Alexander Staus, Andrea Wartenberg-Demand, Corina C. Heinz, Joerg Schuettrumpf
Summary: The study shows that Trimodulin treatment can activate the complement system, enhance opsonophagocytosis, and interact with C3b, C4b, and C5a in a concentration-dependent manner. In patients with severe infections, Trimodulin can prevent excessive pathogen lysis and harmful C5a release.
Review
Immunology
Richard B. Pouw, Daniel Ricklin
Summary: The complement system plays a crucial role in host defense and surveillance by rapidly and broadly targeting microbial invaders, apoptotic cells, and other threats, but can also cause harm in various immune, inflammatory, age-related, or biomaterial-induced conditions. Despite its long association with disease, the prevalence, impact, and complexity of complement's involvement in pathological processes is only now being fully recognized.
SEMINARS IN IMMUNOPATHOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Ophthalmology
Douglas A. Jabs, Andrew Dick, John T. Doucette, Amod Gupta, Susan Lightman, Peter McCluskey, Annabelle A. Okada, Alan G. Palestine, James T. Rosenbaum, Sophia M. Saleem, Jennifer Thorne, Brett Trusko
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF OPHTHALMOLOGY
(2018)
Review
Ophthalmology
Andrew D. Dick, James T. Rosenbaum, Hassan A. Al-Dhibi, Rubens Belfort, Antoine P. Brezin, Soon Phaik Chee, Janet L. Davis, Athimalaipet V. Ramanan, Koh-Hei Sonoda, Ester Carreno, Heloisa Nascimento, Sawsen Salah, Sherveen Salek, Jay Siak, Laura Steeples
Article
Ophthalmology
M. Austin Coker, Carrie E. Huisingh, Gerald McGwin, Russell W. Read, Mark W. Swanson, Laura E. Dreer, Dawn K. DeCarlo, Lindsay Gregg, Cynthia Owsley
JAMA OPHTHALMOLOGY
(2018)
Article
Ophthalmology
Susan D. Vogt, Christine A. Curcio, Lan Wang, Chuan-Ming Li, Gerald McGwin, Nancy E. Medeiros, Nancy J. Philp, James A. Kimble, Russell W. Read
EXPERIMENTAL EYE RESEARCH
(2011)
Article
Emergency Medicine
Christi Willen, Gary R. Mullen, Jeff Yee, Russell W. Read
JOURNAL OF EMERGENCY MEDICINE
(2011)
Article
Ophthalmology
Susan M. Lou, Kelly L. Larkin, Kevin Winthrop, James T. Rosenbaum
OCULAR IMMUNOLOGY AND INFLAMMATION
(2015)
Article
Ophthalmology
Elliott H. Sohn, Robert Wang, Russell Read, Athena Roufas, Livia Teo, Ramana Moorthy, Thomas Albini, Daniel V. Vasconcelos-Santos, Laurie D. Dustin, Ehud Zamir, Soon-Phaik Chee, Peter McCluskey, Ronald Smith, Narsing Rao
Article
Ophthalmology
Dana Woodhall, Michelle C. Starr, Susan P. Montgomery, Jeffrey L. Jones, Flora Lum, Russell W. Read, Ramana S. Moorthy
Article
Ophthalmology
Martin Rudolf, Susan D. Vogt, Christine A. Curcio, Carrie Huisingh, Gerald McGwin, Anna Wagner, Salvatore Grisanti, Russell W. Read
Article
Ophthalmology
Grace Levy-Clarke, Douglas A. Jabs, Russell W. Read, James T. Rosenbaum, Albert Vitale, Russell N. Van Gelder
Letter
Ophthalmology
Russell W. Read, Grace Levy-Clarke, Douglas A. Jabs, James T. Rosenbaum, Albert Vitale, Russell N. Van Gelder
Article
Pediatrics
Katherine J. Donnithorne, Russell W. Read, Robert Lowe, Peter Weiser, Randy Q. Cron, Timothy Beukelman
PEDIATRIC RHEUMATOLOGY
(2013)
Article
Ophthalmology
Matthew G. Pilgrim, Imre Lengyel, Antonio Lanzirotti, Matt Newville, Sarah Fearn, Eszter Emri, Jonathan C. Knowles, Jeffrey D. Messinger, Russell W. Read, Clyde Guidry, Christine A. Curcio
INVESTIGATIVE OPHTHALMOLOGY & VISUAL SCIENCE
(2017)
Article
Ophthalmology
Jacob J. Yunker, Gerald McGwin, Russell W. Read
JOURNAL OF OPHTHALMIC INFLAMMATION AND INFECTION
(2013)
