Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Carla Rodriguez-Mogeda, Sabela Rodriguez-Lorenzo, Jiji Attia, Jack van Horssen, Maarten E. Witte, Helga E. de Vries
Summary: Multiple sclerosis is an inflammatory disease where B cells play a crucial role in the pathogenesis, migrating into the central nervous system through various routes. Understanding the routes of B cell entry into the inflamed CNS is essential for comprehending the disease.
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Kristy Nguyen, Pierre Juillard, Simon Hawke, Georges E. Grau, Felix Marsh-Wakefield
Summary: The breakdown of the blood-brain barrier and the migration of lymphocytes play important roles in the development of multiple sclerosis. Treatment with alemtuzumab can inhibit inflammation in the central nervous system, but its effect on T cell migration needs more study.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MEDICINE
(2022)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Hideaki Nishihara, Sylvain Perriot, Benjamin D. Gastfriend, Marel Steinfort, Celine Cibien, Sasha Soldati, Kinya Matsuo, Sarah Guimbal, Amandine Mathias, Sean P. Palecek, Eric Shusta, Renaud Du Pasquier, Britta Engelhardt
Summary: Nishihara et al. provide evidence for intrinsic dysfunction of the blood-brain barrier (BBB) in multiple sclerosis, suggesting that BBB dysfunction is not solely caused by neuroinflammation.
Article
Clinical Neurology
Sebok K. Halder, Richard Milner
Summary: Fifty years of research on multiple sclerosis have provided significant insights into this neurological disease, revealing its characteristics and raising questions about the initial trigger of the inflammatory demyelinating process. Recent studies suggest that hypoxia, in addition to the immune system, may play a role in disease progression, leading researchers to investigate the impact of manipulating inspired oxygen levels.
Article
Clinical Neurology
Sebok K. Halder, Richard Milner
Summary: Multiple sclerosis is an autoimmune disease that may be affected by hypoxia as a new potential trigger for the inflammatory demyelinating process. Studies have shown the presence of hypoxia in early demyelinating lesions, prompting researchers to investigate how oxygen levels impact disease progression.
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Thomas Gabriel Schreiner, Constantin Romanescu, Bogdan Ovidiu Popescu
Summary: This article reviews the role of the blood-brain barrier (BBB) in multiple sclerosis (MS) pathology, emphasizing the importance of neurovascular unit damage in MS onset and progression, as well as the impact of BBB cell alterations and immune cell penetration into the central nervous system on MS pathology.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Linda Y. Lin, Pierre Juillard, Simon Hawke, Felix Marsh-Wakefield, Georges E. Grau
Summary: Multiple sclerosis (MS) is an autoimmune disease that damages the central nervous system (CNS) by destroying the myelin and forming demyelinating plaques. The migration of leukocytes across the blood-brain barrier (BBB) is a key factor in the development of MS. Oral cladribine has been shown to impact lymphocytes, but its effects on other leukocytes such as monocytes and dendritic cells (DCs) are not well understood.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Rodica Balasa, Laura Barcutean, Oana Mosora, Doina Manu
Summary: This review discusses the disruption of the blood-brain barrier (BBB) in multiple sclerosis (MS) pathogenesis, focusing on the impairment of the neurovascular unit (NVU) and metabolic and mitochondrial dysfunctions of BBB’s endothelial cells. It highlights the hypoxic hypothesis in MS, potential mechanisms of neurodegeneration in progressive forms of MS, and the possibility of BBB as a therapeutic target for delivering neuroprotective molecules into the central nervous system. Additionally, it explores the beneficial effects of disease-modifying therapies (DMTs) that can cross the BBB and act directly in the CNS.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
S. M. Lunin, E. G. Novoselova, O. V. Glushkova, S. B. Parfenyuk, A. A. Kuzekova, T. V. Novoselova, M. G. Sharapov, E. K. Mubarakshina, R. G. Goncharov, M. O. Khrenov
Summary: This study showed that the immunomodulator thymulin and the antioxidant enzyme Prdx6 can improve the condition of blood-brain barrier (BBB) and alleviate symptoms of experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE), a model of multiple sclerosis. Thymulin decreased immune cell activation, while Prdx6 reduced NOX1 and NOX4 gene expression in brain tissue, contributing to the improvements in BBB condition and health status. Simultaneous administration of thymulin and Prdx6 resulted in complete symptomatic restoration of mice with EAE.
ARCHIVES OF BIOCHEMISTRY AND BIOPHYSICS
(2023)
Article
Instruments & Instrumentation
Olivia M. Turk, Ryan C. Woodall, Margarita Gutova, Christine E. Brown, Russell C. Rockne, Jennifer M. Munson
Summary: Cell-based therapies to the brain show promise for treating various brain disorders, but must overcome multiple physiological barriers. The blood-brain barrier has long been a major challenge for drug delivery, while other barriers may present specific challenges or opportunities for therapeutic delivery. Ongoing clinical trials using cell-based therapies to treat diseases, particularly cancers, have shown potential in treating some of the deadliest illnesses.
DRUG DELIVERY AND TRANSLATIONAL RESEARCH
(2021)
Article
Neurosciences
Julie J. Ahn, Yusra Islam, Cheryl Clarkson-Paredes, Molly T. Karl, Robert H. Miller
Summary: Multiple sclerosis is a disease characterized by compromised blood-brain barrier and peripheral lymphocytes entering the central nervous system. Although T cells have been considered the main contributors to neuroinflammation, the success of B cell depletion therapies suggests an important role for B cells. In an animal model of MS, B cell depletion affects glial cell function and CNS vasculature.
NEUROBIOLOGY OF DISEASE
(2023)
Article
Neurosciences
Yuying Cen, Yuheng Shan, Jiahua Zhao, Xiaojiao Xu, Zhiyong Nie, Jiatang Zhang
Summary: This study aimed to investigate the impact of major transporters at the blood-brain barrier and blood-cerebrospinal fluid barrier on the pharmacokinetics of levofloxacin in rats. The results showed that the efflux of levofloxacin from the central nervous system involves multi-drug resistance-associated proteins, breast cancer resistance protein, and organic anion transporters. The concentrations of levofloxacin in cerebrospinal fluid can be used as a surrogate to predict the concentrations inside the brain parenchyma.
CNS NEUROSCIENCE & THERAPEUTICS
(2023)
Review
Physiology
Omid Razi, Bakhtyar Tartibian, Ismail Laher, Karuppasamy Govindasamy, Nastaran Zamani, Silvia Rocha-Rodrigues, Katsuhiko Suzuki, Hassane Zouhal
Summary: Multiple sclerosis (MS) and COVID-19 infection are related, both causing neuroinflammation and plaque formation. Conditions related to MS that make patients more susceptible to viral infection include inflammatory status, blood-brain barrier permeability, function of CNS cells, and plaque formation. Both MS and COVID-19 infection are also associated with psychoneurological and mood disorders. Moderate exercise training can improve the health of patients with MS.
FRONTIERS IN PHYSIOLOGY
(2022)
Review
Immunology
Josephine A. Mapunda, Houyam Tibar, Wafa Regragui, Britta Engelhardt
Summary: Multiple Sclerosis (MS) is the most common inflammatory demyelinating disease of the central nervous system (CNS), with varying prevalence worldwide. Understanding how immune cells enter the CNS and the effects of immunomodulatory treatments on neuroinflammation is crucial. The brain barriers play a key role in regulating immune cell entry into the CNS.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Xinli Niu, Hongzhen Sang, Junpeng Wang
Summary: The study demonstrated that naringenin could attenuate experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) by maintaining the blood-brain barrier, reducing immune cell infiltration, and inhibiting the infiltration of pathogenic T cells into the central nervous system.
JOURNAL OF NUTRITIONAL BIOCHEMISTRY
(2021)
Editorial Material
Clinical Neurology
Sacha Posener, Nicolas Weiss, Loic Le Guennec
ACTA NEUROLOGICA BELGICA
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Victor Altmayer, Jason Ziveri, Corinne Frere, Joe-Elie Salem, Nicolas Weiss, Albert Cao, Clemence Marois, Benjamin Rohaut, Sophie Demeret, Sandrine Bourdoulous, Loic Le Guennec
Summary: COVID-19-related encephalitis is associated with endothelial activation, leading to longer ICU stay in patients with encephalitis. Markers of endothelial activation were significantly higher in encephalitis patients, with ANGPTL4 being a potentially relevant factor for predicting encephalitis.
JOURNAL OF NEUROCHEMISTRY
(2022)
Letter
Dermatology
A. Weill, S. Demeret, S. Ingen-Housz-Oro, A. Colin, F. Bagate, N. de Prost, N. Weiss
JOURNAL OF THE EUROPEAN ACADEMY OF DERMATOLOGY AND VENEREOLOGY
(2022)
Letter
Oncology
Alberto Picca, Clement Desjardins, Kevin Bihan, Nicolas Weiss, Amelie Guihot, Lucia Nichelli, Loic Feuvret, Valerie Pourcher, Mehdi Touat, Caroline Dehais
Review
Medicine, General & Internal
V. T. Carpentiera, L. Le Guennece, S. A. A. Fall, K. Viala, S. Demerete, N. Weiss
Summary: Guillain-Barre syndrome (GBS) is the most common cause of acute neuropathy, usually triggered by infection. It leads to an immune response and the formation of anti-ganglioside antibodies in the host's nerves, resulting in nerve conduction failure and demyelination. Certain variants of GBS are associated with specific antibodies. Diagnosis is based on clinical history and examination, with complementary tests used to rule out other diagnoses.
REVUE DE MEDECINE INTERNE
(2022)
Article
Clinical Neurology
L. Le Guennec, C. Marois, S. Demeret, E. F. M. Wijdicks, N. Weiss
Summary: Toxic-metabolic encephalopathy is an acute brain dysfunction caused by various metabolic disturbances, including medications or illicit drugs. It can result in altered consciousness, ranging from delirium to coma, and may require intensive care and mechanical ventilation. Despite being a life-threatening condition, TME can have a favorable prognosis if its etiology is promptly identified and adequately treated.
REVUE NEUROLOGIQUE
(2022)
Correction
Critical Care Medicine
Nicolas Massart, Virginie Maxime, Pierre Fillatre, Keyvan Razazi, Alexis Ferre, Pierre Moine, Francois Legay, Guillaume Voiriot, Marlene Amara, Francesca Santi, Saad Nseir, Stephanie Marque-Juillet, Rania Bounab, Nicolas Barbarot, Fabrice Bruneel, Charles-Edouard Luyt
ANNALS OF INTENSIVE CARE
(2022)
Article
Critical Care Medicine
David Hajage, Alain Combes, Christophe Guervilly, Guillaume Lebreton, Alain Mercat, Arthur Pavot, Saad Nseir, Armand Mekontso-Dessap, Nicolas Mongardon, Jean Paul Mira, Jean-Damien Ricard, Alexandra Beurton, Guillaume Tachon, Loay Kontar, Christophe Le Terrier, Jean Christophe Richard, Bruno Megarbane, Ruth H. Keogh, Aurelien Belot, Camille Maringe, Clemence Leyrat, Matthieu Schmidt
Summary: This study emulated a trial comparing the effect of ECMO and IMV on COVID-19 patients, and found that ECMO had higher survival probability on Day 7, but the difference decreased during follow-up. However, ECMO was consistently associated with better outcomes when performed in high-volume centers and regions with ECMO capacities specifically organized to handle high demand.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF RESPIRATORY AND CRITICAL CARE MEDICINE
(2022)
Review
Infectious Diseases
Elie Haddad, Arnaud Fekkar, Sophie Bonnin, Natalia Shor, Danielle Seilhean, Isabelle Plu, Valerie Touitou, Veronique Leblond, Nicolas Weiss, Sophie Demeret, Valerie Pourcher
Summary: This study presents a case series of aggressive cerebral vasculitis caused by Aspergillus spp. infection in immunocompromised patients. The findings suggest that cerebral aspergillosis should be considered in immunocompromised individuals with suggestive lesions on imaging.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2022)
Article
Critical Care Medicine
Guylaine Labro, Florence Tubach, Lisa Belin, Jean-Louis Dubost, David Osman, Gregoire Muller, Jean-Pierre Quenot, Daniel Da Silva, Jonathan Zarka, Matthieu Turpin, Julien Mayaux, Christian Lamer, Denis Doyen, Guillaume Chevrel, Gaetan Plantefeve, Sophie Demeret, Gael Piton, Cyril Manzon, Evelina Ochin, Raphael Gaillard, Bertrand Dautzenberg, Mathieu Baldacini, Said Lebbah, Makoto Miyara, Marc Pineton de Chambrun, Zahir Amoura, Alain Combes
Summary: The use of transdermal nicotine patches did not significantly reduce day-28 mortality in severe COVID-19 pneumonia patients.
INTENSIVE CARE MEDICINE
(2022)
Article
Critical Care Medicine
Alexander Balcerac, Kevin Bihan, Benedicte Lebrun-Vignes, Dominique Thabut, Joe-Elie Salem, Nicolas Weiss
Summary: This study is the first large-scale investigation into drug-associated hyperammonaemia, revealing associations between various drugs and this condition. These findings have significant implications for clinicians and trial designers.
ANNALS OF INTENSIVE CARE
(2022)
Article
Cell & Tissue Engineering
Madlyne Maniglier, Marie Vidal, Corinne Bachelin, Cyrille Deboux, Jeremy Chazot, Beatriz Garcia-Diaz, Anne Baron -Van Evercooren
Summary: The presence and role of stem cells and progenitor cells in adult dorsal root ganglion (DRG) tissue have been identified, providing new possibilities for the treatment of peripheral nervous system disorders.
Letter
Otorhinolaryngology
Claire Foirest, Kevin Bihan, Frederic Tankere, Helga Junot, Sophie Demeret, Rabab Debs, Elisabeth Maillart, Christine Lebrun-Frenay, Augustin Vigouroux, Maxime Caudron, Etienne Canoui, Georges Lamas, Nicolas Weiss, Valerie Pourcher
ACTA OTORHINOLARYNGOLOGICA ITALICA
(2022)
Article
Critical Care Medicine
Christophe Le Terrier, Florian Sigaud, Said Lebbah, Luc Desmedt, David Hajage, Claude Guerin, Jerome Pugin, Steve Primmaz, Nicolas Terzi
Summary: Prone positioning (PP) is frequently used as a main treatment for intubated ICU patients with COVID-19-induced ARDS. However, early PP within 24 hours of ICU admission does not show a survival benefit compared to PP after day-1.
Article
Critical Care Medicine
Anahita Rouze, Elise Lemaitre, Ignacio Martin-Loeches, Pedro Povoa, Emili Diaz, Remy Nyga, Antoni Torres, Matthieu Metzelard, Damien Du Cheyron, Fabien Lambiotte, Fabienne Tamion, Marie Labruyere, Claire Boulle Geronimi, Charles-Edouard Luyt, Martine Nyunga, Olivier Pouly, Arnaud W. Thille, Bruno Megarbane, Anastasia Saade, Eleni Magira, Jean-Francois Llitjos, Iliana Ioannidou, Alexandre Pierre, Jean Reignier, Denis Garot, Louis Kreitmann, Jean-Luc Baudel, Guillaume Voiriot, Gaetan Plantefeve, Elise Morawiec, Pierre Asfar, Alexandre Boyer, Armand Mekontso-Dessap, Demosthenes Makris, Christophe Vinsonneau, Pierre-Edouard Floch, Clemence Marois, Adrian Ceccato, Antonio Artigas, Alexandre Gaudet, David Nora, Marjorie Cornu, Alain Duhamel, Julien Labreuche, Saad Nseir
Summary: This study found that the incidence of invasive pulmonary aspergillosis (IPA) was low in patients with COVID-19 and significantly lower than in patients with influenza.
