Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
Balpreet Kaur, Nissim Kanekar, J. Xavier Prochaska
Summary: In this study, a mapping research of neutral atomic hydrogen (Hi) in the host galaxy of a fast radio burst (FRB) was conducted using the Giant Metrewave Radio Telescope. The results show that the FRB host galaxy has a high gas richness and has recently experienced a minor merger event, leading to an increase in the mass of neutral atomic hydrogen.
ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LETTERS
(2022)
Review
Cell Biology
Michelle Louise Zattera, Daniel Pacheco Bruschi
Summary: Transposable elements have a significant impact on the evolution of eukaryotic genomes, playing a role in the recruitment of gene expression networks and genome rearrangement. They also serve as a substrate for the emergence of novel repetitive elements, contributing to the generation of new genomic components. This review examines the relationship between transposable elements and the emergence of de novo satellite DNA families in eukaryotes, considering their intragenomic behavior, molecular structure, and chromosomal distribution. The involvement and importance of transposable elements in eukaryotic genome remodeling processes are highlighted.
Article
Engineering, Mechanical
Teng Wang, Junchi Bin, Guillaume Renaud, Min Liao, Guoliang Lu, Zheng Liu
Summary: This paper proposes a new probabilistic prediction method that improves the prediction accuracy of fatigue crack growth by integrating multiple priors.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF FATIGUE
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Miao Li, Lisi Yang, Yuanyuan Zhou, Yahui Liu, Jinsheng Song, Hua Wang, Zhishan Bo
Summary: The study focuses on the design of PDI acceptor with a saddle-shaped COTh core to enhance charge transport abilities, leading to improved power conversion efficiency in polymer solar cells. The combination of saddle feature and large pi-extension in COTh-FPDI results in balanced mobility and favorable morphology, contributing to increased device performance and stability in photovoltaic applications.
JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY C
(2021)
Article
Computer Science, Artificial Intelligence
Xuelin Liu, Baoping Cai, Xiaobing Yuan, Xiaoyan Shao, Yiliu Liu, Javed Akbar Khan, Hongyan Fan, Yonghong Liu, Zengkai Liu, Guijie Liu
Summary: In this study, a hybrid multi-stage methodology for remaining useful life (RUL) prediction of control systems is proposed. The variant of unscented Kalman filter (UKF) and dynamic Bayesian networks (DBNs) are used for uncertainty analysis, and the real degradation process of control systems is simulated by optimizing the degradation process, leading to improved accuracy and robustness of RUL prediction.
EXPERT SYSTEMS WITH APPLICATIONS
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Organic
Ju Young Lee, Srinivas Samala, Jiyoung Kim, Eun Jeong Yoo
Summary: This study describes the valence tautomerizations of fused 1,4-diazepines yielding pyrrole derivatives and HCN gas by elucidating factors influencing the equilibrium between different valence tautomers of an 8 pi-electron diazepine skeleton. A cascade strategy for constructing diazepines followed by ring contraction is developed, leading to aryl- or alkyl-substituted pyrrolo[1,2-a]quinolines, and the advantages of this methodology are highlighted through further transformations of the obtained products.
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Md Mofizur Rahman, Mohammed A. Abosheasha, Yoshihiro Ito, Motoki Ueda
Summary: Peptide-lipid hybrid vesicles were prepared by incorporating complementary DNA strands in their lipid domains. Controlled fusion of the vesicles was induced through hybridization of the complementary DNA strands during repeated heating and cooling cycles. The decrease in Forster resonance energy transfer efficiency and transmission electron microscopy analysis confirmed the presence of vesicle fusion. This approach provides a general strategy for the creation of polymersomes with membrane-fusion functionality.
CHEMICAL COMMUNICATIONS
(2022)
Article
Cell Biology
Jennifer F. Pinello, Yanjie Liu, William J. Snell
Summary: A key membrane protein MAR1 in fertilization of green alga Chlamydomonas provides a molecular link between membrane adhesion and bilayer merger. MAR1 pairs with another receptor and shares similar ectodomain architecture with a conserved sperm adhesion protein in plant lineages.
DEVELOPMENTAL CELL
(2021)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Lorenzo Costa, Steven de Reuver, Luc Kan, Peter Seevinck, Moyo C. Kruyt, Tom P. C. Schlosser, Rene M. Castelein
Summary: The study describes the maturation pattern of ring apophyses in the thoracic and lumbar spine during normal growth, finding differences in maturation levels between different ages, sexes, and spinal levels. This indicates potential implications for the development of scoliosis.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MEDICINE
(2021)
Article
Computer Science, Artificial Intelligence
Chunyong Yin, Sun Zhang, Qingkui Zeng
Summary: The rising use of online media has changed social customs by allowing users to share daily experiences and opinions on social networks. This has led to the importance of social data in sentiment analysis. Conventional methods and common multimodal approaches have limitations in dealing with multimodal scenarios. This study proposes a hybrid fusion network that captures both inter-modal and intra-modal features, achieving higher accuracy and better generalization compared to baselines.
ACM TRANSACTIONS ON INTELLIGENT SYSTEMS AND TECHNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Caesar Al Jewari, Sandra L. Baldauf
Summary: Using a dataset of 183 eukaryotic proteins with archaeal ancestry, researchers have determined the origin of eukaryotes. The findings reveal that four lineages currently classified as Excavata branch at the base of the eukaryotic tree. The absence of aerobic mitochondria in these lineages suggests an earlier emergence of modern eukaryotes under anoxic conditions.
Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
T. Kotani, M. Toida, T. Moritaka, S. Taguchi
Summary: Previous satellite observations in the polar region at about 4,000 km altitude have reported lower hybrid waves (LHWs) and their harmonics, but the excitation mechanism of the harmonic LHWs has not been clarified. Through particle-in-cell simulations, we found that energetic ions can generate harmonic LHWs, with the former case showing more and stronger harmonic LHWs and background-ion acceleration. This suggests that harmonic LHWs may play a role in ion acceleration phenomena commonly observed in the polar region.
GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS
(2023)
Article
Computer Science, Information Systems
Diego Cordero, Guillermo Rodriguez
Summary: Cities in Latin America are faced with uncontrolled urban growth and critical geographical locations, making them vulnerable to natural disasters and human-caused catastrophes. This study proposes a method for detecting vulnerabilities in urban road systems in large, intermediate, and small cities in Latin America, with the aim of enhancing resilience. By combining topological, geographic, and spatiotemporal indicators, measurement techniques such as mesh and connectivity, betweenness centrality, closeness centrality, robustness of networks with interruption attacks, location of dead ends, measurement of travel times between origin and destination, and fusing indicators with clusters on maps were applied using network graphs from OpenStreetMap (OSM) to estimate the resilience of road networks. The results indicate that intersections and streets tend to be classified as vulnerable, with morphological structures of growth, resistance to degradation of urban networks, marginal urban sectors with high conglomeration, and mobility. This highlights the importance of implementing resilient practices and urban management options to strengthen the response capacity of cities in Latin America.
Article
Automation & Control Systems
Long Wen, Shaoquan Su, Bin Wang, Jian Ge, Liang Gao, Ke Lin
Summary: With the development of smart manufacturing, the health monitoring of machines has become crucial, and remaining useful life (RUL) estimation has attracted significant attention. This research proposes a hybrid CNN-Wiener model for RUL estimation, which addresses the challenges of multi-sensor fusion and health index construction. The model achieves remarkable performance on the C-MAPSS dataset compared to other DL models.
ENGINEERING APPLICATIONS OF ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Zefu Wang, Minghui Kang, Jialiang Li, Zhiyang Zhang, Yufei Wang, Chunlin Chen, Yongzhi Yang, Jianquan Liu
Summary: This study reveals the likelihood of homoploid hybrid speciation (HHS) between Carpinus and Ostrya during their early divergence, resulting in the origin of Carpinus sect. Distegocarpus. The findings highlight the importance of considering HHS in understanding species diversification, especially between ancestors of different genera.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2022)
Article
Paleontology
Jodie L. Murphy, Mark N. Puttick, Joseph E. O'Reilly, Davide Pisani, Philip C. J. Donoghue
Summary: The study investigated 486 tetrapod morphological cladistic datasets to establish an empirical distribution of consistency among characters and datasets. It was found that the consistency between phylogenetic history and individual character histories has a bearing on the evolutionary process, with the most significant decreases resulting from the addition of taxa rather than characters. This research challenges the conjecture that high quality phylogenetic characters are quickly exhausted in the search for phylogenetic resolution.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Catherine G. Klein, Davide Pisani, Daniel J. Field, Rebecca Lakin, Matthew A. Wills, Nicholas R. Longrich
Summary: The study combines molecular data, fossils, and biogeography to reveal the timing of snake diversification and dispersal in relation to the end-Cretaceous mass extinction. Mass extinctions have shaped global biodiversity, leading to rapid diversification of surviving mammals, birds, frogs, and teleost fishes. The evolution of snakes, a major clade of predators, following the K-Pg extinction event remains poorly understood, highlighting the importance of this mass extinction in shaping Earth's extant vertebrate faunas.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Alan J. S. Beavan, Davide Pisani, Philip C. J. Donoghue
Summary: The study used macroevolutionary models to describe the expected range of evolutionary origin times and extinction of biological groups, showing broad variances in predictions. The analysis demonstrated that under constant rates of speciation and extinction, the expected distribution of arthropod total-group ages is consistent with molecular clock estimates. The research also suggests that the antiquity of clades cannot be interpreted solely based on the fossil record.
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Erik Tihelka, Chenyang Cai, Mattia Giacomelli, Jesus Lozano-Fernandez, Omar Rota-Stabelli, Diying Huang, Michael S. Engel, Philip C. J. Donoghue, Davide Pisani
Summary: Insects make up over half of all described animal species and advances in phylogenomics have provided a new framework for understanding their evolutionary history. Future studies should focus on integrating molecular and morphological data for a more comprehensive understanding of insect evolution, including the incorporation of fossil species.
Article
Evolutionary Biology
David J. Gower, James F. Fleming, Davide Pisani, Freek J. Vonk, Harald M. Kerkkamp, Leo Peichl, Sonja Meimann, Nicholas R. Casewell, Christiaan Henkel, Michael K. Richardson, Kate L. Sanders, Bruno F. Simoes
Summary: Recent molecular genetic data on the ancestral snake show that the highly fossorial Scolecophidia has a much more reduced visual system compared to alethinophidian snakes and lizards. The loss of certain visual genes in Anilios suggests that the ancestral snake likely had a better-developed visual system than extant scolecophidians.
GENOME BIOLOGY AND EVOLUTION
(2021)
Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
Richard J. Howard, Mattia Giacomelli, Jesus Lozano-Fernandez, Gregory D. Edgecombe, James F. Fleming, Reinhardt M. Kristensen, Xiaoya Ma, Jorgen Olesen, Martin V. Sorensen, Philip F. Thomsen, Matthew A. Wills, Philip C. J. Donoghue, Davide Pisani
Summary: This study estimates the evolutionary time-tree for Ecdysozoans using improved fossil calibrations. The results suggest that Scalidophora is the sister group to Nematoida + Panarthropoda and that the divergence of Ecdysozoa occurred at least 23 myr before the first potential ecdysozoan trace fossils.
JOURNAL OF THE GEOLOGICAL SOCIETY
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Kevin J. Peterson, Alan Beavan, Peter J. Chabot, Mark A. McPeek, Davide Pisani, Bastian Fromm, Oleg Simakov
Summary: WGDs do not result in the creation of miRNA novelty, nor do WGDs correlate to increases in complexity. Instead, it is the number of miRNA seed sequences in the genome itself that not only better correlate to instances in complexification, but also mechanistically explain why complexity increases when new miRNA families are established.
MOLECULAR BIOLOGY AND EVOLUTION
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Chenyang Cai, Erik Tihelka, Mattia Giacomelli, John F. Lawrence, Robin Kundrata, Shuhei Yamamoto, Margaret K. Thayer, Alfred F. Newton, Richard A. B. Leschen, Matthew L. Gimmel, Liang Lu, Michael S. Engel, Patrice Bouchard, Diying Huang, Davide Pisani, Philip C. J. Donoghue
Summary: Beetles are the most biodiverse animal order, and this study uses phylogenomic techniques to propose new classification changes and analyze the origin and divergence time of beetles, finding differences from previous hypotheses.
ROYAL SOCIETY OPEN SCIENCE
(2022)
Review
Ecology
Daniel B. Mills, Richard A. Boyle, Stuart J. Daines, Erik A. Sperling, Davide Pisani, Ip C. J. Donoghu, Timothy M. Lenton
Summary: The origin of mitochondria and the oxygenation of Earth have been found to be decoupled by recent research. The authors review the literature and conclude that eukaryogenesis and the rise of oxygen were separate events, and that obligate aerobiosis in eukaryotes only became widespread in the past 1 billion years.
NATURE ECOLOGY & EVOLUTION
(2022)
Editorial Material
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Davide Pisani, Maria Eleonora Rossi, Ferdinand Marletaz, Roberto Feuda
Summary: Phylogenetic studies have traditionally placed the simple Xenoacoelomorph worms as the sister group of all other animals with bilateral body symmetry. A new study suggests that misidentification of orthologous genes might have contributed to this placement.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Peter O. Mulhair, Charley G. P. McCarthy, Karen Siu-Ting, Christopher J. Creevey, Mary J. O'Connell
Summary: Conflicting studies have placed the Xenacoelomorpha in two different positions within the animal tree, either as the primary emerging bilaterian phylum or within Deuterostomia. Recent studies also question the monophyly of Deuterostomia. Hidden paralogy and low phylogenetic signal are challenges in reconstructing species phylogenies.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Mattia Giacomelli, Maria Eleonora Rossi, Jesus Lozano-Fernandez, Roberto Feuda, Davide Pisani
Summary: Genomic data has helped in the understanding of the Tree of Life, but certain nodes remain unresolved. By using simulated datasets, this study found that recoding amino acid data can improve the accuracy of phylogenetic inference. The results suggest that the placement of comb jellies as sister to all other animals in phylogenies inferred from amino acid sequences is likely a tree reconstruction artifact.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Ksenia Juravel, Luis Porras, Sebastian Hoehna, Davide Pisani, Gert Woerheide
Summary: An accurate understanding of the evolution and ecology of animals relies on an accurate phylogeny. However, there are still unresolved nodes in the animal tree, including the root of animals, the root of Bilateria, and the monophyly of Deuterostomia. In this study, we utilized newly assembled genome gene content and morphological datasets to investigate these difficult nodes. Our results support the idea that sponges are the sister group of all other animals, Xenacoelomorpha is the sister group of other Bilateria, and provide tentative support for the monophyly of Deuterostomia.
Article
Paleontology
Romain Sabroux, Gregory D. Edgecombe, Davide Pisani, Russell J. Garwood
Summary: The author reexamined three Middle Jurassic sea spider species from La Voulte-sur-Rhone using X-ray microtomography and reflectance transformation imaging, and reclassified their taxonomic affiliations. They found that Palaeopycnogonides gracilis belongs to the new family Palaeopycnogonididae, Colossopantopodus boissinensis belongs to the extant family Colossendeinae, and Palaeoendeis elmii has affinities with Endeidae. The impact of these new taxonomic assignments on the use of Jurassic sea spiders as fossil calibrations is discussed.
PAPERS IN PALAEONTOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Biology
Ruolin Wu, Davide Pisani, Philip C. J. Donoghue
Summary: Panarthropoda, including Onychophora, Tardigrada, and Euarthropoda, is a clade with the majority of animal biodiversity. The relationships among these phyla are disputable, and resolving them is essential to understanding the evolutionary assembly of panarthropod bodyplans. Molecular phylogenetic analyses generally support the monophyly of Onychophora and Euarthropoda, excluding Tardigrada (Lobopodia hypothesis). However, morphological data analyses can also be interpreted to support the monophyly of Tardigrada and Euarthropoda, excluding Onychophora (Tactopoda hypothesis). Additionally, there is support for a clade of Onychophora and Tardigrada that excludes Euarthropoda (Protarthropoda hypothesis). Our study shows that morphological datasets cannot statistically distinguish between the Lobopodia, Tactopoda, and Protarthropoda hypotheses, calling into question the accuracy of morphology-based phylogenies and evolutionary hypotheses of Panarthropoda, including fossil species.
