Journal
JOURNAL OF NANOSCIENCE AND NANOTECHNOLOGY
Volume 12, Issue 9, Pages 7002-7009Publisher
AMER SCIENTIFIC PUBLISHERS
DOI: 10.1166/jnn.2012.6568
Keywords
Lapsi Seed Stone; Choerospondias Axillaris; Activated Carbon; Nanoporous Carbon; Arsenic Removal
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Funding
- University Grant Commission (UGC) of Nepal
- International Center for Young Scientists (ICYS)
- National Institute for Materials Science (NIMS)
- International Center for Materials Nanoarchitectonics (WPI-MANA) Japan
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Activated carbons were prepared from Lapsi (Choerospondias axillaris) seed stone by zinc chloride (ZnCl2) activation at three different Lapsi seed powder (LSP):ZnCl2 ratios: 1:0.5 (AC-0.5), 1:1 (AC-1), and 1:2 (AC-2). The properties of these activated carbons (ACs), including effective surface areas, pore volumes, and pore size distributions were characterized from N-2 adsorption-desorption isotherms. The ACs obtained were essentially nanoporous (including both micro- and mesoporous) with effective surface area ranging from 1167 to 1328 m(2)/g. Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy showed the presence of functional groups on the surface of ACs. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) images showed a high pore development in the ACs. X-ray diffraction (XRD) patterns showed that, in addition to the amorphous structure, ACs contains crystalline ZnO formed during the carbonization. Presence of amorphous carbon is further confirmed by Raman scattering, where we observed only D and G bands. Iron impregnated nanoporous AC has been found to be very effective for arsenic removal from ground water; amount of arsenic is decreased from ca. 200 ppb to 10 ppb. These experimental results indicate the potential use of Lapsi seed as a precursor material for the preparation of high surface area nanoporous activated carbons.
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