Article
Geochemistry & Geophysics
Marco M. Scuderi, Brett M. Carpenter
Summary: Observations of slow earthquakes and tremor have raised fundamental questions about the physics of quasi-dynamic rupture and the underlying fault zone processes. The presence of serpentinite suggests its important role in controlling complex fault slip behavior. Experimental results show the frictional behavior of serpentinite sampled from different locations, and highlight the significant influence of mineralogy on frictional stability and hydrological properties.
GEOPHYSICAL JOURNAL INTERNATIONAL
(2022)
Article
Geochemistry & Geophysics
Hugo Perfettini, Alain Molinari
Summary: We propose and analyze a model that describes the interaction between an unstable frictional region and a viscous zone with Newtonian rheology. Our results show that the model can reproduce real slow slip events (SSEs) observed in the Guerrero subduction zone. We also demonstrate that considering a rate strengthening rheology or a non-Newtonian rheology leads to the same stability results.
JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-SOLID EARTH
(2023)
Article
Geochemistry & Geophysics
F. Paglialunga, F. Passelegue, S. Latour, A. Gounon, M. Violay
Summary: Fluids in the Earth's crust affect the stability and dynamics of faults, and viscous fluids have been found to play a significant role in fault reactivation and earthquake ruptures. In experiments using analogue material, it was discovered that the presence of viscous lubricants along faults reduces frictional resistance, increases nucleation length, and decreases fracture energy. Furthermore, the higher the viscosity of the fluids, the greater the reduction in frictional strength and increase in nucleation length.
JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-SOLID EARTH
(2023)
Article
Geochemistry & Geophysics
Carolyn Boulton, Marcel Mizera, Andre R. Niemeijer, Timothy A. Little, Inigo A. Muller, Martin Ziegler, Maartje F. Hamers
Summary: This study provides insights into the formation and deformation mechanisms of thrust faults by studying the Hungaroa fault zone along the Hikurangi Subduction Margin. The fault zone underwent various types of deformation and was influenced by both temperature and shear stress. The results also highlight the importance of fluid activity in fault zones for seismic activity.
Article
Geochemistry & Geophysics
T. K. Cawood, J. P. Platt
Summary: The study reconstructed the geometry and rheology of the Simplon Shear Zone, finding that the width increases with depth and during exhumation, weak mica layers formed, increasing strain localization.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Sangwoo Woo, Raehee Han, Kiyokazu Oohashi
Summary: Rapid slip during earthquakes can cause frictional melting in rocks, which has long been considered a disequilibrium process. We conducted experiments on different types of silicate rocks at a slip rate of 1.3 m/s and found that all minerals in the rocks melt at temperatures below their known melting temperatures. The low-temperature melting is caused by grain size reduction and phase boundary reactions during different stages of slip. These new findings and estimated melting temperatures are important for understanding the mechanics of earthquakes, landslides, and caldera collapses.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Sunyoung Park, Jean-Philippe Avouac, Zhongwen Zhan, Adriano Gualandi
Summary: Mantle viscosity structure plays a crucial role in the Earth's internal dynamics and thermal history. By studying the postseismic deformation after a deep earthquake, researchers have discovered a relatively thin and low-viscosity layer at the bottom of the mantle transition zone. This weak zone can explain the slab flattening and orphaning observed in many subduction zones.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Sunyoung Park, Jean-Philippe Avouac, Zhongwen Zhan, Adriano Gualandi
Summary: Mantle viscosity plays a crucial role in Earth's internal dynamics and thermal history, but its structure has shown large variability in geophysical inferences. In this study, we analyze postseismic deformation caused by a deep earthquake to study mantle viscosity structure. Through independent component analysis, we detect and extract the deformation caused by the 2018 Fiji earthquake. We find that a thin and low-viscosity layer at the bottom of the mantle transition zone is required to explain our observations.
Article
Geochemistry & Geophysics
Nico Bigaroni, Marco Maria Scuderi, Frederic Cappa, Yves Guglielmi, Christophe Nussbaum, Luca Aldega, Giacomo Pozzi, Cristiano Collettini
Summary: The Opalinus Clay is an important potential sealing horizon for radioactive waste repositories and carbon storage. Laboratory experiments show that relative humidity, grain size, and normal stress affect the frictional properties and stability of fault analogues. Increasing humidity decreases the friction coefficient and increases the stability parameter, while increasing normal stress leads to a transition from localized to distributed deformation.
GEOPHYSICAL JOURNAL INTERNATIONAL
(2023)
Article
Biophysics
Barbara Farias, Saad A. Khan
Summary: Water swellable crosslinked polymers, such as lightly-crosslinked hydrophobically modified polyacrylic acid, are commonly used in oil-in-water emulsions for their thickening properties. The rheological behavior of these polymers in emulsions was studied using small strain amplitude and large amplitude oscillatory shear experiments. The friction coefficient in tribology experiments was found to be dependent on the hydrophobicity of the substrate, polymer, and substrate roughness, providing insights for formulating skincare products with efficient lubrication properties.
COLLOIDS AND SURFACES B-BIOINTERFACES
(2021)
Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
Whitney M. Behr, Taras Gerya, Claudio Cannizzaro, Robert Blass
Summary: In this study, numerical models were used to explore the seismic slip characteristics of frictional-viscous megathrust shear zones, revealing the importance of stress heterogeneity in controlling earthquake propagation speed and slow slip transmission distance.
Article
Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
C. Mehlmann, S. Danilov, M. Losch, J. F. Lemieux, N. Hutter, T. Richter, P. Blain, E. C. Hunke, P. Korn
Summary: This study compares numerical solutions of sea ice models with different velocity staggering, finding that the CD-grid approach has a higher effective resolution and is more efficient in simulating the number and length of LKFs than traditional methods.
JOURNAL OF ADVANCES IN MODELING EARTH SYSTEMS
(2021)
Article
Geochemistry & Geophysics
H. Leah, A. Fagereng, N. Groome, D. Buchs, A. Eijsink, A. Niemeijer
Summary: This paper investigates the Neoproterozoic oceanic sequences in Anglesey, UK and reveals the presence of melange materials derived from adjacent ocean plate stratigraphy (OPS). The study suggests that chlorite veins in subducting volcanics may localize deformation in the seismogenic zone. This research is important for understanding sedimentary inputs in active subduction zones, the role of fluids in the deforming zone, and the mechanism of earthquakes.
JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-SOLID EARTH
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Zhiteng Yu, Satish C. Singh, Emma P. M. Gregory, Marcia Maia, Zhikai Wang, Daniele Brunelli
Summary: Oceanic transform faults, key components of plate tectonics, have been found to host a 10 to 15 kilometer-thick band of microseismicity in depths of 10 to 34 kilometers along the Romanche mega transform fault in the equatorial Atlantic Ocean, associated with a high-temperature mantle. The presence of both shallow and deep earthquakes indicates that substantial deformation is accommodated in the semibrittle mylonitic mantle below the brittle lithosphere, with a rapid westward deepening of seismic activity suggesting strong lateral heterogeneity.
Article
Mechanics
Arghya Samanta
Summary: The aim of this study was to investigate the linear and nonlinear wave dynamics of a falling incompressible viscous fluid with the effect of odd viscosity. The study found that the odd viscosity coefficient can weaken surface and shear instabilities, as well as reduce the growth rate of the linear spatio-temporal response. Additionally, a nonlinear travelling wave solution of a two-equation model showed the attenuation of maximum amplitude and speed in the presence of an odd viscosity coefficient. This delayed the transition from a primary parallel flow with a flat surface to secondary flow generated through nonlinear wave interactions.
JOURNAL OF FLUID MECHANICS
(2022)
Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
Zhi-He Jin, Scott E. Johnson, Ann E. Cook
GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS
(2015)
Article
Engineering, Multidisciplinary
Senthil S. Vel, Alden C. Cook, Scott E. Johnson, Christopher Gerbi
COMPUTER METHODS IN APPLIED MECHANICS AND ENGINEERING
(2016)
Article
Geochemistry & Geophysics
Christopher Gerbi, Scott E. Johnson, Deborah Shulman, Keith Klepeis
GEOCHEMISTRY GEOPHYSICS GEOSYSTEMS
(2016)
Article
Geochemistry & Geophysics
Nancy A. Price, Won Joon Song, Scott E. Johnson, Christopher C. Gerbi, Rachel J. Beane, David P. West
Article
Engineering, Mechanical
Alden C. Cook, Senthil S. Vel, Scott E. Johnson
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MECHANICAL SCIENCES
(2018)
Article
Geochemistry & Geophysics
Christopher Gerbi, Scott E. Johnson, Alden Cook, Senthil S. Vel
GEOPHYSICAL JOURNAL INTERNATIONAL
(2015)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Z. Q. Fan, Z. -H. Jin, S. E. Johnson
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF FRACTURE
(2014)
Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
David Okaya, Senthil S. Vel, Won Joon Song, Scott E. Johnson
Article
Geochemistry & Geophysics
Bo Ra Song, Scott E. Johnson, Won Joon Song, Cristopher C. Gerbi, Martin G. Yates
EARTH AND PLANETARY SCIENCE LETTERS
(2020)
Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
Won Joon Song, Scott E. Johnson, Christopher C. Gerbi
JOURNAL OF STRUCTURAL GEOLOGY
(2020)
Article
Geochemistry & Geophysics
Scott E. Johnson, Won Joon Song, Alden C. Cook, Senthil S. Vel, Christopher C. Gerbi
Summary: The alpha <-> beta phase transition in quartz can greatly affect the stress, mechanical properties, metamorphism, and rheology of crustal rocks, potentially leading to microcracking, brittle failure, and recrystallization. The elastic stresses arising from the transition may exceed the brittle strengths of rocks and minerals, particularly in environments experiencing rapid geological changes, impacting seismic activities.
EARTH AND PLANETARY SCIENCE LETTERS
(2021)
Article
Geochemistry & Geophysics
Erik K. Anderson, Won Joon Song, Scott E. Johnson, Alicia M. Cruz-Uribe
Summary: The optical measurements of kinked micas along the Sandhill Corner shear zone suggest that their geometric properties are statistically different from regional deformed and metamorphosed micas. The findings indicate that mica kink bands could serve as a useful indicator of dynamic loading and paleoseismicity in the rock record.
EARTH AND PLANETARY SCIENCE LETTERS
(2021)
Article
Geochemistry & Geophysics
Scott E. Johnson, Won Joon Song, Senthil S. Vel, Bo Ra Song, Christopher C. Gerbi
Summary: The research estimated surface-area energy density in the dynamic damage zone of a deeply exhumed strike-slip fault/shear zone using garnet fragment size data. The results suggest that surface-energy generation is a nonnegligible component of the earthquake energy budget.
JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-SOLID EARTH
(2021)
Article
Geochemistry & Geophysics
Bo Ra Song, Won Joon Song, Scott E. Johnson, Christopher C. Gerbi, Senthil S. Vel
Summary: Mature faults often separate rocks with different elastic properties, and analyzing the elastic contrast of bimaterial faults is important for understanding earthquake physics and related hazard potential.
JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-SOLID EARTH
(2022)
Article
Energy & Fuels
Z. -H. Jin, S. E. Johnson
GEOMECHANICS AND GEOPHYSICS FOR GEO-ENERGY AND GEO-RESOURCES
(2017)