Article
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
Sergi Vinardell, Gaetan Blandin, Federico Ferrari, Geoffroy Lesage, Joan Mata-Alvarez, Joan Dosta, Sergi Astals
Summary: This research investigates the impact of draw solute and membrane material on the economic balance of a forward osmosis system pre-concentrating municipal sewage prior to an anaerobic membrane bioreactor. The study finds that the material of the FO membrane has a significant economic impact, with TFC membrane having substantially lower net costs compared to CTA membrane. The draw solute has a moderate impact on the economic balance, with sodium acetate, calcium chloride, and magnesium chloride being the most economically favorable draw solutes for the CTA and TFC membranes, respectively.
JOURNAL OF CLEANER PRODUCTION
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Hai-Liang Song, Si-Qi Zhai, Jing Nan, Wen-Jun Cai, Shi-Yun Xu, Yue-Wei Tang, Yu-Li Yang
Summary: This study investigates the effects of inorganic draw solutes on membrane fouling and reverse diffusion in forward osmosis systems. It is found that the formation of a membrane fouling layer can influence the reverse diffusion of ions, leading to exacerbation of membrane fouling in certain cases. Furthermore, different draw solutes have different impacts on membrane fouling.
Article
Environmental Sciences
Yun Cai, You Wu, Yu-Li Yang, Yu-Xiang Lu, Hai-Liang Song
Summary: The study investigated the impact of different DS concentrations on salinity accumulation, finding that NH4Cl DS performed the best, while high NaOAc DS concentration led to increased current density but decreased COD removal efficiency, with mechanisms such as electrically driven migration contributing to the transport of reverse-fluxed Na+.
Article
Engineering, Chemical
D. Dsilva Winfred Rufuss, Ebrahim Hosseinipour, S. Arulvel, P. A. Davies
Summary: This study investigates the effects of various operating parameters, such as temperature, concentration difference, and flow rates, on the performance parameters of FO systems. The results show that these parameters have significant impacts on water flux, reverse solute flux, specific reverse solute flux, recovery, and rejection.
Article
Engineering, Chemical
S. -J. Im, S. Jeong, A. Jang
Summary: A new concept of HFFO-based infinity desalination process with minor environmental impacts is proposed, which can increase water production efficiency and reduce energy consumption. Through testing, it is found that HFFO can maintain the high efficiency operation of SWRO process while reducing the concentration of draw solution, saving costs.
Article
Agricultural Engineering
Yu-Li Yang, Yu-Xiang Lu, You Wu, Yun Cai, Zhen He, Xiao-Li Yang, Hai-Liang Song
Summary: The study investigated the effects of several key operating parameters on salinity accumulation in osmotic membrane bioreactors, finding that DS concentration was the primary factor influencing reverse solute flux, while aeration played a vital role in reverse-fluxed ammonium transport. Increased current generation facilitated reverse-fluxed ammonium migration, and the lack of electrolyte addition in catholyte contributed to its diffusion. These optimal parameters encourage the further development of effective strategies for salinity mitigation in BES-based OMBR technology.
BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Victoria Sanahuja-Embuena, Jan Frauholz, Tayfun Oruc, Krzysztof Trzaskus, Claus Helix-Nielsen
Summary: This study investigated the rejection of uncharged organic compounds under low-pressure reverse osmosis (LPRO) and forward osmosis (FO) modes, showing consistently higher rejection rates in FO for both nicotinamide and caffeine. The presence of salt on the permeate side of the membrane was found to enhance rejection, leading to increased rejection rates with higher draw solute concentrations. Two theories were proposed to explain the mechanisms behind the rejection performance observed.
JOURNAL OF MEMBRANE SCIENCE
(2021)
Review
Environmental Sciences
Xing Wu, Xiwang Zhang, Huanting Wang, Zongli Xie
Summary: Forward osmosis (FO) is a promising technology in wastewater treatment, but reverse solute diffusion (RSD) is a challenge in this process. Conventional strategies focus on reducing the amount of reverse solutes, but doubts have been raised about coping with already occurring reverse solutes and utilizing RSD to improve the FO process. This review discusses the state-of-the-art applications and benefits of RSD, as well as important considerations in utilizing RSD for water and wastewater treatment.
SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT
(2023)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Da-Qi Cao, Xiu-Zhen Sun, Wen-Yu Zhang, Yu-Ting Ji, Xiao-Xuan Yang, Xiao-Di Hao
Summary: In this study, it was found that using calcium ions for RSF in FO can effectively recover Ca-Alg as a recycled material. Water flux in FO significantly increased with the increase in calcium chloride concentration, while the concentration of SA had little influence on water flux in FO.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Calen R. Raulerson, Sudeep C. Popat, Scott M. Husson
Summary: This study reports on the feasibility of using forward osmosis with polyelectrolyte draw solutions to recover water from bioreactor mixed liquors. By utilizing a polyelectrolyte draw solute with high reverse solute flux selectivity (RSFS), the need for draw solute replenishment can be overcome, representing a major step towards sustainable operation in long-duration space missions.
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Seungheon Yang, Seockheon Lee, Seungkwan Hong
Summary: The study investigated the use of food additives as draw solutes for forward osmosis to concentrate liquid food products. While the osmotic pressures generated by food additives were similar to or higher than NaCl, the water flux produced was significantly lower due to severe internal concentration polarization. However, the reverse solute flux of food additives was low, indicating low contamination. The study also demonstrated the potential of pressure-assisted osmosis with food additive draws for dewatering whey and lactose solutions in the food industry.
JOURNAL OF MEMBRANE SCIENCE
(2021)
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Dhaval Patel, Anurag Mudgal, Vivek Patel, Jatin Patel, Kiho Park, Philp Davies, Ruben Rodriguez Alegre
Summary: In this study, energy, exergy, economic and environmental analysis are applied to a novel FO system. The system is designed to achieve minimal/zero liquid discharge with low specific energy consumption. The results show high recovery and desired salinity levels, with very low energy consumption.
Article
Environmental Sciences
Nosheen Asghar, Duc Anh Nguyen, Am Jang
Summary: This study investigates the potential of EDTA-functionalized SiO2-covered magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) as a draw solution (DS) in forward osmosis (FO) process. The results show that EDTA-MNPs have high water flux and octanoic acid (OC) rejection efficiency, and they can be reused.
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Victoria Sanahuja-Embuena, Sungil Lim, Radoslaw Gorecki, Krzysztof Trzaskus, Claus Helix-Nielsen, Ho Kyong Shon
Summary: The study successfully improved the selectivity of outer-selective forward osmosis membrane by incorporating nanostructures containing water selective proteins, reducing the reverse solute flux and improving urea rejection. These membranes can be used in osmotic membrane bioreactors and improve the selectivity of other thin-film composite membranes.
CHEMICAL ENGINEERING JOURNAL
(2022)
Article
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
Jing-Xiao Zhang, Tian Tian, Wen-Jie Du, Yan-Fang Guan, Yun-Jie Wang, Yu-Sheng Li, Han-Qing Yu
Summary: The study demonstrates that vibration can effectively enhance water flux, mitigate solute buildup, and effectively control organic and biological fouling.
JOURNAL OF CLEANER PRODUCTION
(2021)
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Verona Nithya Francis, Jeng Yi Chong, Guoying Yang, Lei Che, Rong Wang
Summary: This study successfully synthesized polyamide-PTFE thin film composite (TFC) membranes with excellent chemical resistance to strong solvents by using polytetrafluomethylene (PTFE) as the substrate and a simple modification and coating technique. These membranes showed high permeabilities and good rejection rates, demonstrating their great potential in molecular separation in harsh solvents.
CHEMICAL ENGINEERING JOURNAL
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Huang Teik Lay, Chi Siang Ong, Rong Wang, Jia Wei Chew
Summary: The study demonstrates that the DLVO approximation methods used to predict interfacial foulant-membrane interactions are sensitive to the boundary condition assumptions. Both the Poisson-Boltzmann (P-B) and linear superposition approximation (LSA) equations can quantify electrostatic interaction energy, but the LSA equation provides more accurate predictions in various filtration tests.
JOURNAL OF MEMBRANE SCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Huihui Zhao, Linyan Yang, Xueming Chen, Jinrui Wang, Lichun Bai, Guomin Cao, Lankun Cai, Chuyang Y. Tang
Summary: Polyamide (PA) membranes used in reverse osmosis and nanofiltration can be degraded by bromination under chlorinated bromide-containing water conditions. This study addresses the misconception that only hypobromous acid (HOBr) is responsible for membrane degradation, while other more reactive but less abundant brominating agents are often overlooked. The findings show that the rate of membrane degradation is strongly correlated with bromide, chloride, and hypochlorous acid concentrations.
SEPARATION AND PURIFICATION TECHNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Yangbo Qiu, Sifan Wu, Lei Xia, Long-Fei Ren, Jiahui Shao, Jiangnan Shen, Zhe Yang, Chuyang Y. Tang, Chao Wu, Bart Van der Bruggen, Yan Zhao
Summary: The papermaking industry generates large amounts of wastewater and waste gas, and their treatment often involves the use of chemicals, lacks resource recovery, and consumes high amounts of energy. In this study, a chemical self-sufficiency zero liquid discharge (ZLD) system called NF-BMED-MC was designed to recover resources from papermaking wastewater and waste gas. This integrated system has shown great synergy by utilizing nanofiltration, bipolar membrane electrodialysis, and membrane contactor technologies. It enables the recovery of NaCl, generation of HCl/NaOH, and CO2 capture, while achieving efficient water recovery and resource purification without the need for additional chemicals. The study also demonstrates the potential of NF-BMED-MC as a sustainable alternative for the ZLD treatment of papermaking industry discharges.
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Dong Wang, Na Zhang, Jiaojiao Zhang, Yuyao Qin, Sen Wang, Chuyang Y. Tang, Zhining Wang
Summary: This study presents a simple and versatile method to prepare novel polyamide nanofiltration membranes via a hydrogel-assisted interfacial polymerization process. The diffusion of piperazine was precisely controlled by adjusting the hydrogel composition and crosslinking degree, resulting in the formation of a thin film composite membrane with improved water permeance and Na2SO4 rejection due to the synergistic effect of decreased thickness and improved surface hydrophilicity.
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Ying Mei, Zhe Yang, Peng-Fei Sun, Shenghua Zhou, Hao Guo, Lu Elfa Peng, Zhikan Yao, Wulin Yang, Chuyang Y. Tang
Summary: We proposed a facile method of using polyelectrolyte additive to tune interfacial polymerization reaction and tailor polyamide NF membrane with better separation performance and lower bio-fouling potential for groundwater treatment. The fabricated TFC-P6 membrane possessed enhanced water permeance and better selectivity which can be beneficial to achieve higher water recovery compared to the control TFC membrane. In addition, the TFC-P6 membrane demonstrated enhanced rejection of perfluorooctane sulfonate and the biofouling was inhibited by its additional negative charge and smoother surface.
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Jaleh Mansouri, Shiyang Huang, Anthony Agostino, Rhiannon P. Kuchel, Greg Leslie, Chuyang Y. Tang, Anthony G. Fane
Summary: Understanding the kinetics of interfacial polymerization (IP) reaction is crucial for tailoring the characteristics and performance of reverse osmosis (RO) membranes. In this study, the kinetic behavior and film characteristics of polyamide (PA) film formation by IP reaction between M-phenylenediamine (MPD) and trimesoyl chloride (TMC) were investigated using the absorbance spectroscopy (AS) method in real-time. The results showed that monomer concentration and reaction time significantly influenced the kinetics of the IP reaction. The study confirmed the potential of the AS method for predicting the characteristics and optimizing the conditions of IP to achieve customized RO and nanofiltration (NF) membranes.
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Jiarui Chen, Shanshan Xu, Chuyang Y. Tang, Binjie Hu, Begum Tokay, Tao He
Summary: Layer-by-layer (LBL) assembly is an important method for preparing nanofiltration (NF) membranes with tunable charge and pore size, high water permeability, and good anti-fouling properties. However, LBL NF membranes suffer from salinity instability in highly saline solutions. This review analyzes the physical and chemical principles of LBL assembly related to the salinity stability of LBL NF membranes, and proposes methods to improve their stability.
Article
Automation & Control Systems
Zhihong Yan, Ying Huang, Siew-Chong Tan, Chuyang Y. Tang, Shu Yuen Hui
Summary: In this article, a self-adaptive-step-size incremental-resistance MPPT technique is proposed to extract maximum power from RED stacks. It is simple and easy to implement, and realizes a balance between fast dynamic responses and small oscillations at a steady state. Various tests are conducted to validate the effectiveness of the proposed MPPT technique.
IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON INDUSTRIAL ELECTRONICS
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Yaowen Hu, Fei Wang, Zhe Yang, Chuyang Y. Tang
Summary: Nanovoids in polyamide layers significantly influence the roughness structures and water permeance of thin film composite (TFC) reverse osmosis (RO) and nanofiltration (NF) membranes. This study investigates water transport behaviors in a polyamide layer with or without nanovoids through numerical simulations and also develops an analytical model to quantify the competition between substrate-induced unfavorable funnel effect and nanovoid-induced favorable multi-effects. The modeling results demonstrate that even tiny nanovoids can minimize water transport distance and enhance the membrane permeance by 1-2 orders of magnitude.
JOURNAL OF MEMBRANE SCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Peng-Fei Sun, Pulak Sarkar, Eun-Tae Yun, Jeong Hoon Lee, Chuyang Y. Tang, Hee-Deung Park
Summary: Biofouling is a critical issue in membrane-based water treatment processes. A thin-film nanocomposite membrane with a multilayer structure consisting of an MXene/CNT interlayer and a CNT back layer was fabricated to mitigate biofouling. The CNT back layer possessed superior antibiofilm properties and effectively prevented bacteria from entering the porous substrate, resulting in excellent resistance to biofouling.
JOURNAL OF MEMBRANE SCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Zixiao Ren, Huicong Shi, Jie Zeng, Xu He, Guibai Li, Huu Hao Ngo, Jun Ma, Chuyang Y. Y. Tang, An Ding
Summary: Viruses in the effluent and on the membrane during UF processes pose hidden biosecurity risks to drinking water. Fe3+ coagulation combined with H2O2 creates an in situ membrane cleaning method, and MS2 bacteriophage was used to investigate virus removal in the presence of humic acid (HA). The study found that HA removed MS2 based on size exclusion, hydrophobicity, and electrostatic repulsion, while Fe3+ pretreatment eliminated MS2 by iron floc adsorption and size exclusion, and iron flocs-H2O2 cleaning completely eliminated MS2. The study provides a potentially useful and cost-saving membrane cleaning method for virus-containing water treatment.
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Ke Jiang, Li Long, Lu Elfa Peng, Zhe Yang, Wenyu Liu, Dong-Myeong Shin, Chuyang Y. Tang
Summary: Polyamide structure and chemistry are crucial for the separation performance of thin-film composite nanofiltration membranes. By regulating reactive sites on monomers, the properties of polyamide and membrane performance can be precisely tailored, resulting in improved water permeance and solute selectivity. This study provides new insights into developing high-performance nanofiltration membranes.
INDUSTRIAL & ENGINEERING CHEMISTRY RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Li Wang, Meng Zhang, Yufei Shu, Qi Han, Beizhao Chen, Bei Liu, Zhongying Wang, Chuyang Y. Tang
Summary: This study presents a new approach for efficient and selective dye recovery from highly saline textile waters using Co-MOF nanosheet membranes. The membranes exhibit superior permeance and selectivity due to their precisely regulated in-plane pore sizes. The Co-MOF membranes have high selectivity for salts over dye and exhibit excellent pure water permeance and high rejection of dyes. The in-plane pores on the nanosheets are responsible for the remarkable permeability and selectivity of the membranes.
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Shuting Xu, Jiahuan Liu, Jianqiang Wang, Haibo Lin, Qiu Han, Fu Liu, Chuyang Y. Tang
Summary: This study presents a new method for preparing polyamide nanofiltration membranes with high permeability and selectivity by introducing guanidil into the reaction. The membranes exhibited excellent water permeance and rejection of Na2SO4, as well as outstanding anion sieving capability and tetracycline removal. This convenient and scalable preparation strategy holds great application potential in desalination and resource recovery.
JOURNAL OF MEMBRANE SCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Jiawei Hou, Shixuan Guo, Nigel Graham, Wenzheng Yu, Kening Sun, Ting Liu
Summary: A novel 2D composite membrane based on r-HGO and MXene materials was developed, demonstrating exceptional performance for water treatment in terms of permeability, pollutant rejection, and physical stability. The optimization of preparation conditions and material proportions can result in high water flux and efficient removal of pollutants.
JOURNAL OF MEMBRANE SCIENCE
(2024)
Retraction
Engineering, Chemical
Chang Liu, Jinghong Liu, Liang Zhu, Shanfu Tang, Huixin Xiong
JOURNAL OF MEMBRANE SCIENCE
(2024)
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Rui Gao, Caihong Liu, Andreia F. Faria, Qiang He, Chun Yang, Jun Ma
Summary: A novel copolymer architecture has been developed to address biofouling concerns in thin-film composite (TFC) membranes by integrating anti-fouling, bactericidal, and fouling-release functions. The multifunctional membrane demonstrates promising anti-adhesive properties, self-cleaning ability, and high flux recovery rate.
JOURNAL OF MEMBRANE SCIENCE
(2024)
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Alexander T. Bridge, Noah P. Wamble, Matthew S. Santoso, Joan F. Brennecke, Benny D. Freeman
Summary: This study demonstrates the reproducible preparation of high-flux defect-free asymmetric gas separation membranes using Cyrene(TM) as a majority dope formulation component. By adjusting the volume ratios of Cyrene(TM) and THF, as well as the concentrations of Matrimid(R) and the dry step time, optimal membrane performance is achieved.
JOURNAL OF MEMBRANE SCIENCE
(2024)
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Alessandra Imbrogno, Han Ya Lin, Babak Minofar, Andrea Iris Schaefer
Summary: In this study, a composite nanofiber membrane containing cross-linked beta-cyclodextrin-epichlorohydrin was prepared and evaluated for the removal of steroid hormones. The results showed that the membrane had high adsorption capacity and the ability to form a specific inclusion complex interaction with the hormones, indicating its potential application in hormone removal.
JOURNAL OF MEMBRANE SCIENCE
(2024)
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Bora Shin, Jaewon Shin, Yanuar Chandra Wirasembada, Ki Young Park, Jinwoo Cho
Summary: This study develops a mathematical model to estimate the initial flux of volatile fatty acids in the direct contact membrane distillation process. It identifies the parameters affecting the flux and their relationship with pH.
JOURNAL OF MEMBRANE SCIENCE
(2024)
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Yi-Jui Yeh, Jr Rong Liou, Wei Lin, Kuo-Lun Tung, Wei-Hung Chiang
Summary: This study demonstrates an effective plasma engineering method to create nitrogen-doped graphene quantum dot (NGQD)-inorganic nanocomposites for tunable molecular separation. The composite materials show high separation efficiency and controllable nanopore structures, making them potentially valuable for various applications.
JOURNAL OF MEMBRANE SCIENCE
(2024)
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Horacio Lopez-Marques, Kristofer L. Gleason, Manuel Aguilar-Vega, Rita Sulub-Sulub, J. Ehren Eichler, Hyeonji Oh, C. Buddie Mullins, Benny D. Freeman, Manish Kumar
Summary: In this study, water transport properties in Carbon Molecular Sieve (CMS) membranes were investigated. It was found that membranes synthesized at different pyrolysis temperatures exhibited varying water permeabilities. Compared to other polymeric materials, CMS membranes showed high water permeability, indicating potential for dehydration applications.
JOURNAL OF MEMBRANE SCIENCE
(2024)
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Dmitry A. Alentiev, Roman Yu. Nikiforov, Marina A. Rudakova, Danil P. Zarezin, Maxim A. Topchiy, Andrey F. Asachenko, Nikolay A. Belov, Maxim Bermeshev
Summary: A series of new norbornene-type monomers containing linear and branched substituents were synthesized, and robust thin membranes were prepared by vinyl-addition polymerization. Gas separation performance for the synthesized polymers was evaluated, and the structure of substituent side chains was found to significantly affect gas permeability and CO2 facilitated transport.
JOURNAL OF MEMBRANE SCIENCE
(2024)
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Lei Yan, Qi Zhang, Ze Zhang, Gui-Jie Li, Yi Jin, Xin-Lin Zhang, Yan-Yun Sun
Summary: In this study, a continuous, stable and fast ion transport channel was established through in-situ guided cross-linking of zinc alginate hydrogels on a porous membrane, overcoming the negative pore effect and effectively inhibiting the dendrite growth of zinc anodes and interfacial side reactions.
JOURNAL OF MEMBRANE SCIENCE
(2024)
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Yuqing Zhang, Ailing Zhang, Huiyang He, Yuting Fan, Yongjiang Li, Song Wang, Sanxi Li
Summary: The Langmuir-Blodgett self-assembly process is used to create an ordered SPEEK membrane, which enhances the proton conductivity by three times compared to conventional solution casting method.
JOURNAL OF MEMBRANE SCIENCE
(2024)
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Hasan Ismaeel, David Gibson, Eleonora Ricci, Maria Grazia De Angelis
Summary: In this study, a machine learning-based group contribution method (ML-GC) was developed to predict pure polymer parameters and successfully applied to predict gas solubility and gas solubility isotherms in glassy polymeric membranes. The model showed satisfactory performance on a small dataset, but has the potential to provide more accurate predictions for a wider range of polymers as more data becomes available.
JOURNAL OF MEMBRANE SCIENCE
(2024)
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Yi Ji, Yu Sun, Huilin Li, Qiang Fu, Yan Zhang
Summary: Previous studies have shown that vibration- or rotation-based techniques can effectively mitigate fouling during membrane filtration. However, it is difficult to incorporate these techniques with spiral wound modules (SWMs) widely used in water and wastewater treatment. This study developed a prototype membrane system to accommodate angular vibrations with a modified SWM, and experimental results showed that applying angular vibrations can effectively control algal fouling in an SWM with lower energy consumption compared to traditional methods.
JOURNAL OF MEMBRANE SCIENCE
(2024)
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Lakshmeesha Upadhayaya, Abaynesh Yihdego Gebreyohannes, Muhammad Wakil Shahzad, Usman T. Syed, Sandra L. Aristizabal, Radoslaw Gorecki, Suzana P. Nunes
Summary: Increasing temperatures worldwide pose a significant health risk, exacerbated by high humidity. Conventional air conditioners contribute heavily to carbon dioxide emissions, with dehumidification being a major factor. Membrane-based dehumidification system offers energy efficiency and non-toxic water vapor removal. This study demonstrates a membrane dehumidification system with polymeric hollow fibers coated with a green polyphenol coating, showing remarkable water vapor transport rate and selectivity. Long-term testing reveals minimal decline in vapor transport and a 4-5 times higher coefficient of performance (COP) compared to conventional dehumidifiers, making it a highly competitive, energy-saving device with reduced emissions and a smaller footprint.
JOURNAL OF MEMBRANE SCIENCE
(2024)
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Zhengzhong Zhou, Xue Zhu, Yi Yuan, Shaoqiang Wang, Xiaoshan Meng, Taoli Huhe, Qian Wang
Summary: In this study, lignin, a biomass material, was chemically modified and utilized in the interfacial polymerization process to improve the performance of nanofiltration membranes. The modified membranes showed enhanced hydrophilicity and anti-fouling properties, and the optimization of membrane pore size increased permeability. The study also demonstrated the potential application of the membranes in biogas slurry valorization.
JOURNAL OF MEMBRANE SCIENCE
(2024)