Article
Immunology
Claudia A. A. Freire, Beatriz O. O. Rodrigues, Waldir P. P. Elias, Cecilia M. M. Abe
Summary: This study aimed to evaluate the presence of AAF, AFP, and CS22-related genes in EAEC strains collected from children with diarrhea. The results indicate that AAF and AFP-related genes may contribute to identify EAEC strains, while the importance of cseA as an EAEC virulence factor and genotypic marker needs further evaluation.
FRONTIERS IN CELLULAR AND INFECTION MICROBIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Cell Biology
Timothy Kudinha, Fanrong Kong
Summary: The prevalence of ST131, especially among ciprofloxacin resistant isolates, increased from fecal to clinical samples in women, men, and children. ST131 isolates showed higher virulence potential compared to non-ST131 isolates, particularly in urinary samples. There was a strong association between ST131 prevalence and fluoroquinolone resistance, with FQ resistant ST131 isolates harboring more virulence genes.
JOURNAL OF BIOMEDICAL SCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Microbiology
Maria Teresa Llorente, Raquel Escudero, Raquel Ramiro, Maria Antonia Remacha, Rocio Martinez-Ruiz, Fatima Galan-Sanchez, Monica de Frutos, Matilde Elia, Isabel Onrubia, Sergio Sanchez
Summary: This study aimed to investigate the occurrence of enteroaggregative Escherichia coli (EAEC) in patients with non-travel related diarrhea in Spain and to characterize the molecular features of EAEC strains associated with illness in this high-income setting. The results showed that EAEC was the only bacterial enteric pathogen detected in a significant proportion of cases of endemic diarrhea in Spain, especially in children under 5 years old. Some of these strains also had a potential pathogenicity in the urinary/systemic system.
FRONTIERS IN MICROBIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
Fabrizio Bertelloni, Giulia Cagnoli, Fabrizio Biagini, Alessandro Poli, Carlo Bibbiani, Valentina Virginia Ebani
Summary: Escherichia coli is a commensal of the human and animal intestinal tract, but certain pathogenic strains can cause severe infections. Wildlife may carry and transmit these pathogenic strains, posing a potential source of infection for humans and domestic animals. Red foxes, in particular, seem to play a role in the epidemiology of these infections, especially when they invade human settlements in rural and urban areas.
Article
Immunology
Mariana Izquierdo, Joaquin Lopez, Pablo Gallardo, Roberto M. Vidal, Juan C. Ossa, Mauricio J. Farfan
Summary: This study evaluated the role of Citrobacter werkmanii and Escherichia albertii in the virulence of Shiga toxin-producing and enteroaggregative Escherichia coli pathotypes, revealing their effects on gene expression and toxin secretion.
FRONTIERS IN CELLULAR AND INFECTION MICROBIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Pedro Rueda Furlan, Eliana Guedes Stehling
Summary: This study identified pathogenic E. coli in soils resistant to beta-lactams, fluoroquinolones, and colistin, highlighting the potential risk of contamination to the surrounding environments and food, increasing the exposure risk to humans and animals.
ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION
(2021)
Article
Immunology
Munirah M. Alhammadi, Rita E. Godfrey, Joseph O. Ingram, Gurdamanjit Singh, Camilla L. Bathurst, Stephen J. W. Busby, Douglas F. Browning
Summary: Serine protease autotransporters of the Enterobacteriaceae (SPATEs) are virulence factors commonly found in enteric bacteria, such as E. coli and Shigella. One specific SPATE called Pic mucinase cleaves mucin, allowing bacteria to utilize it as a carbon source and penetrate the gut lining. The regulation of the pic gene in different strains of E. coli is controlled by the transcription factors CRP and Fis, with CRP activating transcription in nutrient-depleted conditions and Fis repressing expression in nutrient-rich environments. This regulation is consistent with Pic's role in scavenging mucin as a carbon source during colonization and infection.
Review
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Lingyan Jiang, Wen Yang, Xinlei Jiang, Ting Yao, Lu Wang, Bin Yang
Summary: EHEC O157 carries 177 unique genomic islands, termed O islands, which play a crucial role in its pathogenicity by providing virulence factors, effectors, and regulatory proteins.
Article
Ecology
Ayush Pathak, Daniel C. Angst, Ricardo Leon-Sampedro, Alex R. Hall
Summary: Some bacterial resistance mechanisms can degrade antibiotics, potentially protecting neighboring susceptible cells. However, the effects of such mechanisms on bacterial communities of more than two species are not well understood. By conducting experiments on multispecies communities, we found that resistance in one species reduced antibiotic inhibition of other species, but the extent of benefit varied among species.
Article
Microbiology
Dalmasso Guillaume, Beyrouthy Racha, Brugiroux Sandrine, Ruppe Etienne, Guillouard Laurent, Bonnin Virginie, Saint-Sardos Pierre, Ghozlane Amine, Gaumet Vincent, Barnich Nicolas, Delmas Julien, Bonnet Richard
Summary: Without the use of antibiotics, the plasmid-mediated resistance gene mcr-1 enhances the colonization ability of Escherichia coli in the gut, but impairs its lethal effect. This improvement in gut fitness is associated with a downregulation of intestinal inflammatory markers and the preservation of intestinal microbiota composition.
Review
Microbiology
Lindsey Dzierozynski, Jessica Queen, Cynthia L. Sears
Summary: This commentary discusses the influence of host genetics on the microbiome and highlights the need for mechanistic experimental studies to understand the interplay between host genes and the microbiome.
CELL HOST & MICROBE
(2023)
Article
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Xi Lu, Dingyan Wu, Xin Zhao, Mingxin Zhang, Ke Ren, Ningning Zhou, Yanni Zhao, Weisheng Qian
Summary: Enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli (ETEC), a diarrheal pathogen, can utilize ethanolamine (EA) as a nitrogen source, which enhances its virulence phenotype and causes damage to host intestinal cells. The concentration of EA in the intestine also impacts the metabolic profile and pathogenicity of ETEC.
APPLIED MICROBIOLOGY AND BIOTECHNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Microbiology
Ahmed H. Abed, Ahmed M. S. Menshawy, Mohamed M. A. Zeinhom, Delower Hossain, Eman Khalifa, Gamal Wareth, Mohamed F. Awad
Summary: This study investigated the prevalence of subclinical mastitis and major bacterial pathogens in dairy cattle farms in Upper Egypt, revealing a high prevalence of SCM and widespread antimicrobial resistance among bacterial isolates. Common bacterial pathogens identified in milk samples included E. coli, Staphylococcus aureus, and streptococci.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Jorge Soria-Bustos, Zeus Saldana-Ahuactzi, Partha Samadder, Jorge A. Yanez-Santos, Ygnacio Martinez Laguna, Maria L. Cedillo-Ramirez, Jorge A. Giron
Summary: This study investigates the relationship between flagella expression and the type III secretion system (T3SS) in enteropathogenic Escherichia coli (EPEC). The results suggest that the assembly of an intact T3SS is required for flagella production, and certain regulator genes play a role in activating or inhibiting flagella expression.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Microbiology
Huimin Liu, Lu Meng, Lei Dong, Yangdong Zhang, Jiaqi Wang, Nan Zheng
Summary: This study investigated E. coli strains isolated from raw milk of dairy cattle in Northern China, as well as their antibacterial susceptibility and essential virulence genes. The results showed that most E. coli strains were multidrug resistant and possessed multiple virulence genes, posing a potential hazard to public health, and antibiotic resistance was prevalent in dairy herds in Northern China.
FRONTIERS IN MICROBIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Bruna L. L. Maciel, Priscila N. Costa, Jose Q. Filho, Samilly A. Ribeiro, Francisco A. P. Rodrigues, Alberto M. Soares, Francisco S. Junior, Ramya Ambikapathi, Elizabeth T. R. McQuade, Margaret Kosek, Tahmeed Ahmed, Pascal Bessong, Gangadeep Kang, Sanjaya Shresthra, Estomih Mduma, Eliwaza Bayo, Richard L. Guerrant, Laura E. Caulfield, Aldo A. M. Lima
Summary: This study focused on quantitatively analyzing nutrients from infant diets and found that higher intakes of energy and zinc in complementary feeding were associated with decreased risk of undernourishment in children aged 9-24 months. Higher energy and zinc intakes were found to reduce the risk of underweight, wasting, and stunting.
JOURNAL OF NUTRITION
(2021)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Rosa Elayne Marques de Freitas, Pedro Henrique Quintela Soares Medeiros, Francisco Adelvane de Paulo Rodrigues, Marco Antonio de Freitas Clementino, Camila Fernandes, Antonio Vinicios Alves da Silva, Mara de Moura Gondim Prata, Paloma Araujo Cavalcante, Aldo Angelo Moreira Lima, Alexandre Havt
Summary: The study found that vitamin A derivatives can enhance survival mechanisms in undernourished intestinal epithelial crypt cells, including increased cell quiescence, decreased apoptosis, enhanced cell differentiation, and transcription of genes related to the MAP kinase signaling pathway.
Article
Oncology
Camila Meirelles S. Silva, Mateus C. Barros-Filho, Deysi Viviana T. Wong, Julia Bette H. Mello, Livia Maria S. Nobre, Carlos Wagner S. Wanderley, Larisse T. Lucetti, Heitor A. Muniz, Igor Kenned D. Paiva, Hellen Kuasne, Daniel Paula P. Ferreira, Maria Perpetuo S. S. Cunha, Carlos G. Hirth, Paulo Goberlanio B. Silva, Rosane O. Sant'Ana, Marcellus Henrique L. P. Souza, Josiane S. Quetz, Silvia R. Rogatto, Roberto Cesar P. Lima-Junior
Summary: By screening miRNAs in plasma, we identified four miRNAs as potential biomarkers for the early detection of colorectal cancer, presenting high performance and easy applicability in clinical practice.
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Stephanie A. Richard, Benjamin J. J. McCormick, Laura E. Murray-Kolb, Pascal Bessong, Sanjaya K. Shrestha, Estomih Mduma, Tahmeed Ahmed, Gagandeep Kang, Gwenyth O. Lee, Jessica C. Seidman, Erling Svensen, Margaret N. Kosek, Laura E. Caulfield
Summary: The study found that most children showed improved growth from 24 to 60 months, but only a subset had positive changes in HAD and WAD. Growth from 24 to 60 months was associated with the same environmental factors regardless of the metric used.
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Benjamin J. J. McCormick, Stephanie A. Richard, Laura E. Murray-Kolb, Gagandeep Kang, Aldo A. M. Lima, Estomih Mduma, Margaret N. Kosek, Elizabeth T. Rogawski McQuade, Eric R. Houpt, Pascal Bessong, Sanjaya Shrestha, Zulfiqar Bhutta, Tahmeed Ahmed, Laura E. Caulfield
Summary: This study found that exclusive breastfeeding for the first 6 months of life was associated with a lower likelihood of detecting certain enteric pathogens and delayed the first detection of some bacterial and viral pathogens in stool samples.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF CLINICAL NUTRITION
(2022)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Josh M. Colston, Benjamin F. Zaitchik, Hamada S. Badr, Eleanor Burnett, Syed Asad Ali, Ajit Rayamajhi, Syed M. Satter, Daniel Eibach, Ralf Krumkamp, Jurgen May, Roma Chilengi, Leigh M. Howard, Samba O. Sow, M. Jahangir Hossain, Debasish Saha, M. Imran Nisar, Anita K. M. Zaidi, Suman Kanungo, Inacio Mandomando, Abu S. G. Faruque, Karen L. Kotloff, Myron M. Levine, Robert F. Breiman, Richard Omore, Nicola Page, James A. Platts-Mills, Ulla Ashorn, Yue-Mei Fan, Prakash Sunder Shrestha, Tahmeed Ahmed, Estomih Mduma, Pablo Penatero Yori, Zulfiqar Bhutta, Pascal Bessong, Maribel P. Olortegui, Aldo A. M. Lima, Gagandeep Kang, Jean Humphrey, Andrew J. Prendergast, Robert Ntozini, Kazuhisa Okada, Warawan Wongboot, James Gaensbauer, Mario T. Melgar, Tuula Pelkonen, Cesar Mavacala Freitas, Margaret N. Kosek
Summary: Diarrheal disease, a major health problem for children, is influenced by climate factors such as temperature, humidity, and soil moisture. This study analyzed data from multiple countries and found that different enteropathogens have different responses to climate variables. Temperature, soil moisture, and humidity are particularly influential parameters, and climate change may lead to shifts in the relative burden of diarrhea-causing agents.
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Samilly Albuquerque Ribeiro, Francisco Adelvane de Paula Rodrigues, Marco Antonio de Freitas Clementino, Herlice do Nascimento Veras, Rommulo Celly Lima Siqueira, Pedro Henrique Quintela Soares de Medeiros, Jeanine Morais Pereira, Marcio Flavio Araujo Guanabara Junior, Jose Kleybson de Sousa, Ana Karolina Silva Santos, Armenio Aguiar dos Santos, Bruna Leal Lima Maciel, Alexandre Havt, Aldo Angelo Moreira Lima
Summary: This study evaluated the impact of a nutrient-deficient diet on physical development and intestinal barrier function in mice. The results showed that the nutrient-deficient diet reduced weight and weight gain, and led to changes in intestinal barrier function and increased intestinal permeability.
BRITISH JOURNAL OF NUTRITION
(2023)
Article
Virology
Marco Clementino, Karene F. Cavalcante, Vania A. F. Viana, Dayara de Oliveira Silva, Caroline R. Damasceno, Jessica Fernandes de Souza, Rafhaella N. D. G. Gondim, Daniel M. de Melo Jorge, Lyvia M. V. C. Magalhaes, Erico A. G. de Arruda, Roberto da J. P. Neto, Melissa S. Medeiros, Arnnenio A. dos Santos, Pedro J. C. Magalhaes, Liana P. Mello, Eurico Arruda, Aldo A. M. Lima, Alexandre Havt
Summary: This study adopted the RT-LAMP technique to detect SARS-Cov-2 in patient samples and compared it with the RT-qPCR technique. The results showed that the RT-LAMP technique using primers N5 and Orf9 had a sensitivity of 96% and specificity of 85%, with accurate diagnosis obtained only in nasopharyngeal swabs processed via an extraction kit.
JOURNAL OF MEDICAL VIROLOGY
(2022)
Article
Immunology
Godfrey Guga, Sarah Elwood, Caroline Kimathi, Gagandeep Kang, Margaret N. Kosek, Aldo A. M. Lima, Pascal O. Bessong, Amidou Samie, Rashidul Haque, Jose Paulo Leite, Ladaporn Bodhidatta, Najeeha Iqbal, Nicola Page, Ireen Kiwelu, Zulfiqar A. Bhutta, Tahmeed Ahmed, Jie Liu, Elizabeth T. Rogawski McQuade, Eric Houpt, James A. Platts-Mills, Estomih R. Mduma
Summary: This study describes the incidence, risk factors, clinical characteristics, and seasonality of adenovirus 40/41 diarrhea. Adenovirus 40/41 diarrhea is a common condition in children, especially infants. Children with adenovirus 40/41 diarrhea are more likely to have a fever compared to other viral etiologies, and exclusive breastfeeding can reduce the burden of this illness.
OPEN FORUM INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2022)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Eva Debora de Oliveira Andrade, Amanda de Sousa Reboucas, Jose Q. Filho, Ramya Ambikapathi, Laura E. Caulfield, Aldo Angelo Moreira Lima, Bruna Leal Lima Maciel
Summary: The study reveals a decline in the quality of infant feeding practices over the first 2 years of life, with a decrease in breastfeeding and an increase in the consumption of unhealthy and ultra-processed foods.
MATERNAL AND CHILD NUTRITION
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Elizabeth T. Rogawski McQuade, Stephanie A. Brennhofer, Sarah E. Elwood, Timothy L. McMurry, Joseph A. Lewnard, Estomih R. Mduma, Sanjaya Shrestha, Najeeha Iqbal, Pascal O. Bessong, Gagandeep Kang, Margaret Kosek, Aldo A. M. Lima, Tahmeed Ahmed, Jie Liu, Eric R. Houpt, James A. Platts-Mills
Summary: Children in low-resource settings often carry enteric pathogens without symptoms and are frequently exposed to antibiotics unknowingly. This study found that most antibiotic exposures were not targeted towards the pathogens causing the infection. Respiratory infections and diarrheal illnesses were the main causes of pathogen exposure. Bystander exposure of E. coli to antibiotics was associated with community-level resistance. Antimicrobial stewardship and illness-prevention interventions in low-resource settings could significantly reduce bystander selection and contribute to antimicrobial resistance prevention.
PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
(2022)
Review
Nutrition & Dietetics
Mariana Duarte Bona, Carlos Henrique de Medeiros Torres, Severina Carla Vieira Cunha Lima, Ana Heloneida de Araujo Morais, Aldo Angelo Moreira Lima, Bruna Leal Lima Maciel
Summary: This systematic review assessed the association between obesity with or without MetS and alteration of intestinal barrier permeability in humans. A total of eight studies were included and categorized as moderate to high quality. The findings suggested that impaired intestinal barrier permeability was positively associated with obesity with MetS. However, the evidence quality was assessed to be very low to low according to the GRADE framework.
Article
Infectious Diseases
Elizabeth T. Rogawski McQuade, Rebecca J. Scharf, Erling Svensen, Amber Huggins, Angelina Maphula, Eliwaza Bayo, Ladislaus Blacy, Paula Pamplona E. de Souza, Hilda Costa, Eric R. Houpt, Pascal O. Bessong, Estomih R. Mduma, Aldo A. M. Lima, Richard L. Guerrant
Summary: This study found that Shigella infections and early life inflammation may have an impact on growth and cognitive outcomes during school-aged years among children in low-resource settings. High prevalence of Shigella was associated with lower height-for-age z-score at 6-8 years. However, the associations between Shigella burden and cognitive outcomes were smaller and observed only in the Brazil and Tanzania sites.
PLOS NEGLECTED TROPICAL DISEASES
(2022)
Review
Medicine, General & Internal
Mariana Duarte Bona, Carlos Henrique de Medeiros Torres, Severina Carla Vieira Cunha Lima, Aldo Angelo Moreira Lima, Bruna Leal Lima Maciel
Summary: This study aims to investigate the association between obesity with or without metabolic syndrome and altered intestinal barrier function, utilizing a systematic review protocol guided by PRISMA-P. Data will be extracted and synthesized to assess the quality of evidence on this topic, with dissemination through publication and conferences.
Article
Immunology
Jose Q Filho, Francisco S. Junior, Thaisy B. R. Lima, Vania A. F. Viana, Jaqueline S. Burgoa, Alberto M. Soares, Alvaro M. Leite, Simone A. Herron, Hunter L. Newland, Kunaal S. Sarnaik, Gabriel F. Hanson, Jason A. Papin, Sean R. Moore, Aldo A. M. Lima
Summary: The study in Ceara, Brazil found that seasonal influenza transmission starts before national vaccination campaigns, leading to negative perinatal outcomes such as decreased birth weight and increased prematurity rates. It suggests that earlier national immunization campaigns can provide better protection for pregnant women and their fetuses in Ceara and beyond.
EMERGING INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2021)
