Article
Immunology
Lore Van Damme, Natasja Cox, Chana Callens, Michelle Dargatz, Monika Fluegel, Sarah Hark, Frank Thiemann, Stefan Pelzer, Freddy Haesebrouck, Richard Ducatelle, Filip Van Immerseel, Evy Goossens
Summary: Clostridium perfringens produces ECM-degrading enzymes that play a role in avian necrotic enteritis. Different variants of the colA gene encoding collagenase were identified, with some variants linked to necrotic enteritis strains. Truncated collagenases may contribute to the pathology of necrotic enteritis by degrading collagen type IV in the intestinal villi.
FRONTIERS IN CELLULAR AND INFECTION MICROBIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Julia Bruggisser, Ioan Iacovache, Samuel C. Musson, Matteo T. Degiacomi, Horst Posthaus, Benoit Zuber
Summary: This study describes the structure of Clostridium perfringens beta-toxin (CPB) and its formation of an octameric pore complex with unique structural features. The research also identifies CPB as a member of a new subclass of the hemolysin-like family. Additionally, the study demonstrates that the structure of the pore can be modified without affecting its pore-forming ability, making it attractive for macromolecule sensing and nanotechnology. The cryo-electron microscopy structure of the CPB octameric pore will contribute to future developments in nanotechnology and basic research.
Article
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Mohammad Ali Shamshirgaran, Mehdi Golchin, Elham Mohammadi
Summary: In this study, a recombinant Lactobacillus casei strain expressing the NetB protein of Clostridium perfringens was used as a probiotic-based vector vaccine to immunize broiler chickens against necrotic enteritis. The vaccinated birds showed significant protection against the disease and developed strong antibody responses. This study suggests that a probiotic-based vector vaccine could be a promising candidate for controlling necrotic enteritis in broiler chickens.
APPLIED MICROBIOLOGY AND BIOTECHNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
D. Goo, U. D. Gadde, W. K. Kim, C. G. Gay, E. W. Porta, S. W. Jones, S. Walker, H. S. Lillehoj
Summary: This study presents a passive immunization technology using hyperimmune egg yolk immunoglobulin Y (IgY) to protect against Necrotic enteritis (NE) caused by Clostridium perfringens in poultry. The protective effects of the IgYs were evaluated in commercial broilers, and it was found that the dietary mixture containing antibodies provided protection against NE through passive immunization.
Article
Immunology
Kyung-Woo Lee, Hyun S. Lillehoj
Summary: Necrotic enteritis (NE) is a devastating enteric disease caused by Clostridium perfringens type A/G that impacts the global poultry industry. Coccidiosis is a major contributing factor to NE. Recent studies have shown that NetB toxin is the primary virulence factor in NE pathogenesis, although there is emerging evidence suggesting the involvement of other toxins. Understanding the interaction between NetB toxin and other potential virulence factors of C. perfringens is crucial for a better characterization of NE pathogenesis.
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
Jill Derix, Richard Ducatelle, Bart Pardon, Evi Croes, Niels Groot Nibbelink, Linda Van Deurzen-Duineveld, Filip Van Immerseel, Evy Goossens
Summary: Necro-hemorrhagic enteritis in calves, caused by Clos-tridium perfringens type A, is a fatal disease affecting calves in intensive rearing systems. Lack of development of active immunity against alpha toxin is the main trigger. This study investigates the effect of milk replacer components on alpha toxin production and the effect of lactose on antibody production.
JOURNAL OF DAIRY SCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
Xieying Ding, Xin Zhong, Yunqiao Yang, Geyin Zhang, Hongbin Si
Summary: This study confirmed the combined inhibitory effect of citric acid (CA) and magnolol (MA) on C. perfringens. The optimal ratio of CA to MA was found to be 50:3, with a dosage of 265 μg/mL inhibiting the growth of C. perfringens and causing damage to its cell structure. The combination of CA and MA exhibited therapeutic effects on C. perfringens challenge in chickens by inhibiting inflammation and enhancing antioxidant capability. Rating: 8/10.
Article
Pathology
Llorenc Grau-Roma, Mauricio Navarro, Sohvi Blatter, Christian Wenker, Sonja Kittl, Francisco A. Uzal, Horst Posthaus
Summary: Several outbreaks of necrotic enteritis-like disease in lorikeets were consistently isolated Clostridium perfringens. The alpha toxin gene of C. perfringens was detected in a high percentage of affected lorikeets, while the beta toxin gene was also found in a significant number of cases. Other toxin genes were detected inconsistently and in fewer samples.
VETERINARY PATHOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Veterinary Sciences
Mohammad Ali Shamshirgaran, Mehdi Golchin, Mahmoud Salehi, Reza Kheirandish
Summary: This study aimed to evaluate the recombinant Lactobacillus casei expressing the C-terminal domain of alpha-toxin from Clostridium perfringens as a potential probiotic-based vaccine candidate for immunizing broiler chickens against necrotic enteritis (NE). The results showed that orally immunized broiler chickens with the recombinant vaccine strain were significantly protected against experimental NE challenge and developed specific serum anti-alpha antibodies. Additionally, the immunized birds exhibited higher body weight gains compared to control groups during the challenge experiment.
BMC VETERINARY RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Veterinary Sciences
Chake Keerqin, Katherine McGlashan, Thi Thu Hao Van, Helene N. Chinivasagam, Robert J. Moore, Mingan Choct, Shu-Biao Wu
Summary: This study isolated three highly active bacteriophages from Australian commercial poultry environments, which were capable of lysing several disease-causing bacteria. Animal trials showed that oral administration of the bacteriophages cocktail significantly alleviated intestinal necrotic lesions. However, no effect on growth performance was observed.
FRONTIERS IN VETERINARY SCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Microbiology
Marc Liggins, Norma Ramirez Ramirez, Ernesto Abel-Santos
Summary: Clostridium perfringens is an anaerobic, Gram-positive bacterium that forms spores to survive in harsh environments. It can germinate through two distinct pathways, the amino acid-only pathway and the bile salt/amino acid pathway. Different strains of C. perfringens have strain-specific spore formation requirements, but the germination responses are consistent among all strains.
FRONTIERS IN MICROBIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Microbiology
Martina Husta, Svitlana Tretiak, Richard Ducatelle, Filip Van Immerseel, Evy Goossens
Summary: This study evaluated the behavior of C. perfringens in different intestinal compartments of broiler chickens during a NE trial. The results showed that necrotic enteritis-associated lesions were mainly found in the jejunum and were more severe compared to the duodenum and ileum. There was a positive correlation between the total number of vegetative C. perfringens cells in the intestinal compartments and disease severity. C. perfringens was mainly present as spores in the caecum and distal colon.
VETERINARY MICROBIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Food Science & Technology
Basma Tarek, Julia Bruggisser, Filippo Cattalani, Horst Posthaus
Summary: Beta toxin (CPB) is a toxin produced by Clostridium perfringens type C that targets intestinal endothelial cells by interacting with the membrane protein CD31. This study confirms CD31 as the receptor of CPB on human endothelial and monocytic cells, explaining the cell type specificity of CPB observed in vitro and in vivo.
Article
Food Science & Technology
Masahiro Nagahama, Keiko Kobayashi, Masaya Takehara
Summary: The study found that lysosomal proteases cathepsin B and L facilitate the internalization of iota-toxin by activating ASMase, indicating their role in the cytotoxicity caused by the toxin.
Article
Food Science & Technology
Samantha V. Shetty, Michael R. Mazzucco, Paige Winokur, Sylvia V. Haigh, Kareem Rashid Rumah, Vincent A. Fischetti, Timothy Vartanian, Jennifer R. Linden
Summary: In this study, it was found that epsilon toxin (ETX) binds to and kills human lymphocytes expressing high levels of the myelin and lymphocyte protein MAL. ETX binding and cytotoxicity were highest for CD4+ cells. MAL gene expression was also highest in CD4+ cells. These findings suggest that ETX may affect the immune response in multiple sclerosis.
Article
Parasitology
Kristel Kegler, Ursina Nufer, Amer Alic, Horst Posthaus, Philipp Olias, Walter Basso
PARASITES & VECTORS
(2018)
Article
Veterinary Sciences
M. Schediwy, S. Balmer, C. M. Bredtmann, D. Hadorn, P. J. Bless, G. Rosato, T. Sydler, M. Harisberger, R. Graage, H. Saura-Martinez, H. Posthaus, C. Gurtner
SCHWEIZER ARCHIV FUR TIERHEILKUNDE
(2018)
Article
Veterinary Sciences
M. Dettwiler, K. Mehinagic, S. Gobeli Brawand, A. Thomann, S. Feyer, L. Husser, G. Theubet, J. Gigandet, S. Rottenberg, H. Posthaus
SCHWEIZER ARCHIV FUR TIERHEILKUNDE
(2018)
Editorial Material
Pathology
Jeff L. Caswell, Laura L. Bassel, Jamie L. Rothenburger, Andrea Grone, Jan M. Sargeant, Amanda P. Beck, Stina Ekman, Katherine N. Gibson-Corley, Thijs Kuiken, Elise E. B. LaDouceur, David K. Meyerholz, Francesco C. Origgi, Horst Posthaus, Simon L. Priestnall, Lorenzo Ressel, Leslie Sharkey, Leandro B. C. Teixeira, Kazuyuki Uchida, Jerrold M. Ward, Joshua D. Webster, Jyoji Yamate
VETERINARY PATHOLOGY
(2018)
Article
Immunology
Joerg Jores, Elise Schieck, Anne Liljander, Flavio Sacchini, Horst Posthaus, Carole Lartigue, Alain Blanchard, Fabien Labroussaa, Sanjay Vashee
JOURNAL OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2019)
Article
Food Science & Technology
Olivia K. Richard, Sven Springer, Jacqueline Finzel, Tobias Theuss, Marianne Wyder, Beatriz Vidondo, Horst Posthaus
Article
Microbiology
Joerg Jores, Li Ma, Paul Ssajjakambwe, Elise Schieck, Anne Liljander, Suchismita Chandran, Michael H. Stoffel, Valentina Cippa, Yonathan Arfi, Nacyra Assad-Garcia, Laurent Falquet, Pascal Sirand-Pugnet, Alain Blanchard, Carole Lartigue, Horst Posthaus, Fabien Labroussaa, Sanjay Vashee
FRONTIERS IN MICROBIOLOGY
(2019)
Article
Microbiology
Carole Lartigue, Yanina Valverde Timana, Fabien Labroussaa, Elise Schieck, Anne Liljander, Flavio Sacchini, Horst Posthaus, Brigitte Batailler, Pascal Sirand-Pugnet, Sanjay Vashee, Joerg Jores, Alain Blanchard
Article
Veterinary Sciences
Horst Posthaus, Sonja Kittl, Basma Tarek, Julia Bruggisser
JOURNAL OF VETERINARY DIAGNOSTIC INVESTIGATION
(2020)
Article
Microbiology
Julia Bruggisser, Basma Tarek, Marianne Wyder, Philipp Mueller, Christoph von Ballmoos, Guillaume Witz, Gaby Enzmann, Urban Deutsch, Britta Engelhardt, Horst Posthaus
CELL HOST & MICROBE
(2020)
Article
Microbiology
Thomas Demoulins, Melanie Brugger, Beatrice Zumkehr, Blandina I. Oliveira Esteves, Kemal Mehinagic, Amal Fahmi, Loic Borcard, Adriano Taddeo, Damian Jandrasits, Horst Posthaus, Charaf Benarafa, Nicolas Ruggli, Marco P. Alves
Summary: Using a model of newborn lambs, researchers found significant differences in the T cell compartment of the neonatal lung compared to the mature adult lung, with RSV infection exacerbating a pro-type 2 environment in the bronchoalveolar space. Regulatory T cells play a key role in dampening the pro-type 2 environment early on, affecting the severity of RSV disease.
Article
Food Science & Technology
Basma Tarek, Julia Bruggisser, Filippo Cattalani, Horst Posthaus
Summary: Beta toxin (CPB) is a toxin produced by Clostridium perfringens type C that targets intestinal endothelial cells by interacting with the membrane protein CD31. This study confirms CD31 as the receptor of CPB on human endothelial and monocytic cells, explaining the cell type specificity of CPB observed in vitro and in vivo.
Article
Microbiology
Emilia Radulovic, Kemal Mehinagic, Tsering Wuethrich, Markus Hilty, Horst Posthaus, Artur Summerfield, Nicolas Ruggli, Charaf Benarafa
Summary: In this study, the immunological profile of specific pathogen-free (SPF) and farm-raised Large White domestic pigs before and after African Swine Fever virus (ASFV) infection was compared. The results showed that SPF pigs had lower immune cell counts and basal inflammatory responses at steady state. When infected with a highly virulent virus strain, SPF pigs showed earlier and more severe clinical signs and pro-inflammatory cytokines, indicating a reduced ability to control early virus replication. In contrast, SPF pigs presented a milder and shorter disease course with full recovery when infected with an attenuated virus strain.
Article
Veterinary Sciences
Christian Wenker, Stefan Hoby, Fabia Wyss, Bernard Mengiardi, Renate Vogtli, Horst Posthaus, Peter Deplazes, Bruno Gottstein
JOURNAL OF ZOO AND WILDLIFE MEDICINE
(2019)
Article
Veterinary Sciences
Olivia K. Richard, Alexander Grahofer, Heiko Nathues, Horst Posthaus
PORCINE HEALTH MANAGEMENT
(2019)
