Article
Nanoscience & Nanotechnology
Zhaogang Zhang, Xinwu Ma, Cunsheng Zhang, Guannan Chu, Zijie Meng, Guoqun Zhao, Liang Chen
Summary: This study systematically investigated the effect of stress-aging treatment (SAT) on an Al-Zn-Mg-Cu alloy. It was found that SAT increased the number and reduced the size of matrix precipitates, resulting in higher strength and corrosion resistance in the alloy. Additionally, the presence of large-sized and discontinuous grain boundary precipitates hindered the dissolution of grain boundaries and the propagation of stress corrosion cracking (SCC), improving the alloy's corrosion resistance.
MATERIALS SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING A-STRUCTURAL MATERIALS PROPERTIES MICROSTRUCTURE AND PROCESSING
(2022)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
X. Y. Wang, C. G. Shang, Z. H. Li, Y. K. Bai, T. G. Liu, Y. H. Lu, T. Shoji
Summary: This study investigated the SCC behavior induced by creep of Alloy 690TT in high temperature water using SEM, EDS, and EBSD techniques. The results revealed that creep cavities could form in stress concentration zones at the interface between intergranular carbides and matrix. The density of creep cavities was influenced by the strain level. These cavities mainly distributed on grain boundaries near the applied load direction in the high strain zones underneath scratches. The presence of semi-continuous intergranular carbides was beneficial for SCC propagation, while local cellular carbides inhibited the growth of SCC cracks. SCC cracks mainly propagated along or close to the direction of applied load in the high strain zone underneath the scratch.
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Xing Qi, Bo Jiang, Ziqiu Jiang, Yafeng He, Renguo Song
Summary: The effect of ageing temperature on the properties of 7075 aluminum alloy coated by micro arc oxidation (MAO) technology was studied. The formation of precipitates at different ageing temperatures was observed using transmission electron microscope (TEM), which significantly affected the properties of the MAO coating. The electrical conductivity changed during ageing treatment due to the coherent distortion, size, and volume fraction of the precipitates. The thicker and less porous coatings prepared at 150°C showed the best stress corrosion cracking (SCC) resistance.
JOURNAL OF MATERIALS RESEARCH AND TECHNOLOGY-JMR&T
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Yuan Cheng, Peng Liu, Mengmeng Yang
Summary: The stress corrosion cracking (SCC) behavior of X80 pipeline steel in a Xinzhou soil environment was investigated with different testing methods. It was found that the cracking mechanism of X80 steel in this environment is anodic dissolution (AD) and SCC is influenced by both AD and hydrogen embrittlement (HE). The susceptibility to SCC increases notably with increasing temperature at weak cathodic potentials and open circuit potential.
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
X. Y. Wang, Z. H. Li, Y. K. Bai, X. Y. Cao, T. G. Liu, Y. H. Lu, T. Shoji
Summary: The study investigated the size effect of scratches on the mechanical properties and degradation behavior of Alloy 690TT in high temperature caustic solution. It was found that the corrosion behavior was aggravated by the growth of inner oxide layer on the scratched surface, and the thickness of the inner oxide layer was related to the scratch size factor. Additionally, stress corrosion cracking at the scratch tip did not occur until the scratch size factor reached a critical threshold value.
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Y. Aboura, A. J. Garner, R. Euesden, Z. Barrett, C. Engel, N. J. H. Holroyd, P. B. Prangnell, T. L. Burnett
Summary: New-gen 7xxx series alloys have shown higher susceptibility to environmental assisted cracking (EAC) in humid air compared to AA7050 in T7651 tempers. Hydrogen (H)-EAC fracture features of brittle intergranular (IG) and transgranular (TG) fracture modes were observed with humidity levels as low as 20%. The difficulty of crack initiation in AA7050 was attributed to its grain structure and intrinsic resistance of the grain boundaries to IG-EAC.
Article
Engineering, Biomedical
M. Peron, R. Bertolini, S. Cogo
Summary: Magnesium alloys are being studied as materials for temporary implants, but their high corrosion rate and susceptibility to corrosion-assisted cracking phenomena continue to prevent mainstream use. Coatings, particularly those deposited using Atomic Layer Deposition (ALD), have shown promise in reducing corrosion rate and stress corrosion cracking susceptibility. Consideration of coatings' properties such as wettability, electrochemical stability, and surface integrity is crucial in understanding and improving the performance of coated magnesium alloys.
JOURNAL OF THE MECHANICAL BEHAVIOR OF BIOMEDICAL MATERIALS
(2022)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Ji Ho Shin
Summary: The effect of thermo-mechanical processing on stress corrosion cracking (SCC) in 304L stainless steel was studied. The presence of residual stress induced by welding and straightening processes, as well as strain-induced martensite transformation and slip bands formed during plastic deformation, contributed to SCC susceptibility.
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Haozhan Su, Tao Huang, Jiamei Wang, Lefu Zhang, Kai Chen
Summary: The cracking growth behavior of sensitized Alloy 800H was investigated in supercritical water (SCW) at temperatures ranging from 450 degrees C to 550 degrees C. Crack growth rates (CGRs) were measured in different SCW environments to determine the contributions of corrosion and creep. Results showed that both corrosion and creep played a role in the cracking behavior of sensitized Alloy 800H, with the extent of corrosion contribution depending on the corrosion potential of the SCW environment. Stress corrosion cracking and creep CGRs increased with temperature, suggesting that cracking was mainly controlled by creep and oxidation at the crack tip.
JOURNAL OF NUCLEAR MATERIALS
(2023)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Yitong Shi, Sudha Joseph, Edward A. Saunders, Rebecca S. Sandala, Adrian Walker, Trevor C. Lindley, David Dye
Summary: The mechanism of AgCl-induced stress corrosion cracking of Ti-6246 involves the formation and migration of metallic Ag along the crack, as well as the presence of SnO2 and Al2O3 corrosion products mixed into TiO2. The fracture surface exhibits a transgranular nature with a brittle appearance in the primary alpha phase, where long, straight and non-interacting dislocations are observed. This is consistent with a dislocation emission view of the cracking mechanism.
Review
Chemistry, Physical
R. K. Singh Raman, Rhys Jones
Summary: Stress corrosion cracking (SCC) poses a challenge for load-bearing equipment in corrosive environments across industries like aerospace, chemical and mineral processing, civil structures, bioimplants, and energy generation. Reliable K-ISCC data is crucial for safe operation and maintenance of such equipment, with traditional techniques being costly. This article highlights the use of the circumferential notch tensile (CNT) technique as a newer and more cost-effective approach to determine K-ISCC, overcoming critical limitations of traditional techniques like double-cantilever beam (DCB) and compact tension (CT).
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Qi Fu, Qingyu Qin, Boxin Wei, Jin Xu, Changkun Yu, Cheng Sun
Summary: The SCC behavior of X80 pipeline steel was studied under the conditions of D. desulfurican, AC interference, and cathodic protection. The results showed that both AC interference and negative CP potential aggravated pitting corrosion and enhanced the SCC susceptibility under constant load. In the saline soil environment containing D. desulfurican, AC greatly contributed to the cracking tendency of X80 pipeline steel, resulting in a narrow safe CP range for practical engineering application, requiring appropriate discharge methods.
JOURNAL OF MATERIALS RESEARCH AND TECHNOLOGY-JMR&T
(2023)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Katherine E. Rader, Jon T. Carter, Louis G. Hector, Eric M. Taleff
Summary: The study investigates the retrogression and reaging effects on AA7075-T6 and AA6013-T6 materials, proposing corresponding heat treatment conditions. Recommended retrogression heat treatments are 200 degrees C for 3 to 12 minutes for AA7075-T6 and 240 degrees C for 7 minutes for AA6013-T6; recommended reaging heat treatments are 120 degrees C for 24 hours for retrogressed AA7075 and 190 degrees C for 1 hour for retrogressed AA6013. A reaging heat treatment simulating the automotive paint-bake cycle, 185 degrees C for 25 minutes, is found to be almost as effective as the recommended reaging heat treatment for AA6013 but significantly less effective than the recommended reaging heat treatment for AA7075.
METALLURGICAL AND MATERIALS TRANSACTIONS A-PHYSICAL METALLURGY AND MATERIALS SCIENCE
(2021)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Fangzhou Qi, Xiaolong Zhang, Guohua Wu, Wencai Liu, Lu Wen, He Xie, Shihao Xu, Xin Tong
Summary: The study found that in a 3.5% NaCl environment, the T4 heat-treated alloy exhibited the lowest corrosion rate and SCC susceptibility index, indicating the best corrosion resistance and SCC resistance performance.
MATERIALS CHARACTERIZATION
(2022)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
M. Rochedy, V. Klosek, C. Riglet-Martial, C. Onofri-Marroncle, D. Drouan, D. Reyes, P. Bienvenu, I. Roure, M. Cabie, L. Amidani, J. Lechelle, M-A. Pinault-Thaury
Summary: The study investigated the interactions of iodine and caesium in UO2. Implantation of UO2 samples followed by thermal treatment (4h at 900 degrees C or 1h at 1200 degrees C) under controlled atmosphere (0.03% H2O/H2) allowed for characterization of their structure and chemistry through various experimental techniques. Thermodynamic calculations were used to optimize the heat treatment conditions and interpret the results. The analysis of the treated samples revealed the presence of bubbles and precipitates, with CsI identified within the bubbles in agreement with the calculations. The chemical composition of the observed precipitates, likely caesium uranates, remains unclear due to the lack of experimental reference spectra.
JOURNAL OF NUCLEAR MATERIALS
(2023)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Srinivas Palli, V. S. Raja
Summary: The influence of different buffer chemistries on the electrochemical corrosion behaviors of mild steel and 7004 aluminum alloy were studied, showing variations in anodic and cathodic kinetics for different buffers. These variations were explained by the reduction of weak acids and complexing behavior of metal ions with buffer species, highlighting the importance of considering buffer chemistries in studying pH influence on electrochemical corrosion.
CORROSION ENGINEERING SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Gayathri Sridhar, Nick Birbilis, V. S. Raja
Summary: This study investigated the error introduced in estimated pit sizes by treating each current transient as a signal arising from single discrete pit events, and proposed a criterion to identify the transients associated with recursive pit events that eventually developed into stable pits.
Article
Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering
Bidyut Dutta, M. Ajay Krishnan, V. S. Raja
Summary: The study reveals that the hydrogen embrittlement behavior of IN 718 alloy varies under different aging conditions, mainly due to the increase in hydrogen traps leading to an increase in susceptibility to hydrogen.
TRANSACTIONS OF THE INDIAN INSTITUTE OF METALS
(2021)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Mangesh D. Pustode, Purnendu Chakraborty, Bharat S. Padekar, Shweta Shukla, V. S. Raja
Summary: The HSSCC behavior of SLM Ti-6Al-4V alloy was studied at 300 and 400 degrees C in both as-built and heat-treated conditions. Annealing at 750 degrees C significantly improved the HSSCC resistance of the susceptible as-built alloy, with only a slight decrease in ultimate tensile strength. The transformation of martensite into lamellar alpha + beta was identified as the reason behind the improved HSSCC resistance, with the absence of equiaxed alpha in the wrought alloy potentially contributing to the enhanced performance.
JOURNAL OF MATERIALS ENGINEERING AND PERFORMANCE
(2021)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Dwaipayan Mallick, Nicolas Mary, V. S. Raja, Bernard Normand
Summary: The banded microstructure and higher C content in DP steels resulted in higher H diffusivity, while the higher fraction of H present in stronger traps in CP steels suggests better hydrogen embrittlement resistance. The non-uniform distribution of H in the specimens with higher concentration near the charging surface was also observed.
Article
Chemistry, Applied
Sneha Daradmare, Mamata Pradhan, V. S. Raja, Smrutiranjan Parida
Summary: The study demonstrates that 8-HQ@PS/GO corrosion inhibitor in composite coatings exhibits self-healing properties and a two-way corrosion protection mechanism, increasing the hardness and elastic modulus of the coating while lowering surface electrical resistivity, making it suitable for antistatic applications.
PROGRESS IN ORGANIC COATINGS
(2021)
Article
Materials Science, Coatings & Films
Srinivasulu Grandhi, V. S. Raja, Smrutiranjan Parida
Summary: The study explores the impact of manganese addition on hot-dip galvanized zinc coatings on steel, demonstrating a novel approach to prevent patchy coloration caused by oxides. Microstructure changes in the alloy coatings due to increasing Mn addition were correlated to composition, hardness, and texture, with Mn addition significantly reducing corrosion rates. The results also show that Mn addition does not affect deformation tolerance of the hot-dip alloy coatings.
SURFACE & COATINGS TECHNOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering
Rajiv Kumar, R. K. Singh Raman, S. R. Bakshi, V. S. Raja, S. Parida
Summary: The oxidation behavior of nanocrystalline and microcrystalline Fe-20Cr-3Al alloys at high temperatures was investigated in this study. The nanocrystalline alloy exhibited superior oxidation resistance compared to the microcrystalline alloy, which can be attributed to the oxidation kinetics and nature of the oxide formed. The higher grain boundary area in the nanocrystalline alloy enhanced the metal diffusivity and resulted in a more protective oxide layer. Additionally, both alloys showed better oxidation resistance at 800 degrees C than at 700 degrees C, contrary to common steels.
OXIDATION OF METALS
(2022)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Rahul Kumar Agrawal, V. S. Raja
Summary: This study investigates the effects of environments on the atomic strain distribution in AA 7004 alloy. Two different temper conditions and three different test environments were chosen. The results show that the environment significantly affects the deformation behavior of the alloy, which can be explained by the alterations in strain distribution at the atomic level.
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Shweta Shukla, Balila Nagamani Jaya, V. S. Raja
Summary: The study examined the role of microstructure on the cathodic reactions and plastic deformation behavior of AA 7050 to understand its environmentally assisted cracking tendency. The results showed that the alloy has high ability to resist environmentally assisted cracking as long as the grain boundary precipitates are rich in Cu.
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Rajiv Kumar, R. K. Singh Raman, S. R. Bakshi, V. S. Raja, S. Parida
Summary: The present study investigates the oxidation behavior of nanocrystalline (NC) and microcrystalline (MC) Fe-20Cr-5Al alloys at 900 degrees C. The results show that nanocrystallization reduces the Al requirement for the formation of a protective Al2O3 layer, leading to a significantly lower oxidation rate compared to microcrystalline alloy. Additionally, the microcrystalline alloy exhibits a higher weight gain than the nanocrystalline alloy.
JOURNAL OF ALLOYS AND COMPOUNDS
(2022)
Article
Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering
Srinivas Palli, Jagannath Majhi, V. S. Raja
Summary: This study aims to investigate the influence of oxide scales and chloride ions on the pickling behavior of hot-rolled steel coil. It was found that the thickness and nature of the oxide scale varied across the width of the steel coil. The addition of NaCl to 10% HCl significantly reduced pickling time and the corrosion rate of the bare steel. Chlorides enhanced the chemical dissolution of the oxide scale through complexation and inhibited corrosion of steel through the familiar Temkin adsorption mechanism.
TRANSACTIONS OF THE INDIAN INSTITUTE OF METALS
(2022)
Review
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Bhagwat Ghule, C. Sundaresan, Dandapani Vijayshankar, V. S. Raja
Summary: In the pursuit of a sustainable future, the use of higher steam temperatures and pressures in coal-fired boilers and nuclear reactors is becoming more common. This requires advanced materials with high steam oxidation resistance. Various factors affect steam oxidation, making it challenging to compare the performance of different alloys and understand the role of each operational parameter.
JOURNAL OF THE INDIAN INSTITUTE OF SCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Electrochemistry
V. S. Raja, Muzzamil Ahmad Eatoo, Rahul Kumar Agrawal, Srinivas Palli, M. Ajay Krishnan
Summary: This paper reports the beneficial effects of strontium (Sr) on sensitization kinetics and unusual passivation behavior in Al-5.7 wt% Mg alloy. The presence of strontium not only retards the sensitization kinetics but also enhances intergranular corrosion resistance. Surface enrichment of Cr and Sr as oxides and hydroxides increases the passivity and pitting potential of the alloy. The presence of both Cr and Sr helps retain the alloy's passivity even in the sensitized condition.
JOURNAL OF THE ELECTROCHEMICAL SOCIETY
(2023)
Article
Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering
Rahul Kumar Agrawal, Namrata Upadhyay, V. S. Raja
Summary: The study investigates the effect of applied strain on the nature of corrosion attack on AA 7004 with different microstructures. It is found that the influence of strain on corrosion attack, whether it is localized or uniform, depends on the microstructure of the material. The presence of G.P. zones promotes a relatively uniform corrosion attack under strain, while the presence of eta'/eta precipitates leads to a more localized attack.
TRANSACTIONS OF THE INDIAN INSTITUTE OF METALS
(2023)
