Article
Physics, Multidisciplinary
Lionel Djadaojee, Jules Grucker
Summary: We measured the Brillouin frequencies of acoustically driven metastable states of superfluid He-4 at T similar to 1 K and found that thermal effects or vortices can play a significant role in the cavitation process.
PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS
(2022)
Article
Physics, Multidisciplinary
Gloria Clausen, Paul Jansen, Simon Scheidegger, Josef A. Agner, Hansjurg Schmutz, Frederic Merkt
Summary: A recent study presented experimental ionization energies of the 2 S-3(1) and 2 P-3 states of helium, revealing significant discrepancies with the alpha(7)m Lamb shift predictions, potentially indicating unknown theoretical contributions to the Lamb shifts of these states.
PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Georgios Stratis, Jordan D. Zesch, Henry S. Pan, Lauren J. Webb, Mark G. Raizen
Summary: This study presents a minimally invasive in situ probe for detecting real-time damage in organic materials. Specifically, metastable excited helium atoms in the S-3(1) state are used to characterize the damage induced by a low-energy electron beam on organic materials.
JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL PHYSICS
(2021)
Article
Materials Science, Ceramics
Prakash Vardhan, Shankar P. Das
Summary: We use a field-theoretic model to study the partition function of a many-particle system without quenched -disorder. A corresponding free energy landscape (FEL) is depicted in the function space of the continuum field, and the number of local minima in the FEL, defined as the Complexity Sc, is calculated. The study shows the dependence of the Kauzmann point on the properties of the inhomogeneous structure.
JOURNAL OF NON-CRYSTALLINE SOLIDS
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Babak Sadigh, Luis Zepeda-Ruiz, Jonathan L. Belof
Summary: This study investigates the kinetic stabilization of metastable crystal phases during solidification processes through molecular dynamics simulations and crystal-liquid equilibria studies. It is found that metastable solid phases can coexist with the liquid phase at any given pressure, with nucleation rates into solid clusters in the liquid basin being practically calculable. The results indicate the possibility of kinetic instabilities overriding phase selections made during the nucleation stage, leading to the growth of metastable crystal phases under specific conditions.
PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Ruifeng Song, Jingming Yao, Ruonan Xu, Zhixuan Li, Xinlin Yan, Chuang Yu, Zhigao Huang, Long Zhang
Summary: A stable interface and preventing dendrite-growth are crucial for the long-life of solid-state Li batteries using sulfide-based solid electrolytes (SEs) and Li metal anodes. This study reports a strategy using Si doping in Cl-rich argyrodites that enables self-engineered metastable decomposition, leading to the realization of these two factors simultaneously. The metastable Cl atoms react with Li atoms, depleting locally deposited/grown Li crystal nuclei and generating electrically insulated LiCl shells at the grain boundaries. These shells prevent Li redeposition and act as self-protective layers, enabling an ultra-long life ASSLB with Li metal anodes under high current densities at room temperature.
ADVANCED ENERGY MATERIALS
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Konstantin S. Grishakov, Nikolay N. Degtyarenko
Summary: The possibility of the formation of single-bonded solid atomic nitrogen phases through adiabatic compression at zero temperature has been studied using density functional theory. It has been found that these solid atomic phases have the potential to store a large amount of energy.
PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY CHEMICAL PHYSICS
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Andrew Martin, Alana M. Pauls, Boyce Chang, Eva Boyce, Martin Thuo
Summary: By exploiting thin passivating oxides to stabilize an undercooled state, photo-perturbation of near-surface order induces convective Marangoni flows, edge-coalescence, and phase transition into a larger metastable solid bearing asymmetric composition between the near-surface and core. This process introduces a new form of high fidelity multi-dimensional photolithography based on material properties and relaxation kinetics of metastable states.
ADVANCED MATERIALS
(2023)
Article
Physics, Multidisciplinary
Tim Langen
Summary: Ultracold atomic gases with balanced interactions exhibit a phase that combines seemingly contradictory properties.
Article
Mechanics
Ke Liu, Tomohiro Tachi, Glaucio H. Paulino
Summary: This paper introduces a novel origami pattern called the Shrimp pattern, which is applied to multi-phase architected metamaterials that achieve phase transition mechanically through snap-through. By tessellating unit cells with different geometries, a complex yet navigable energy landscape is created, leading to multiple metastable phases of the material.
JOURNAL OF APPLIED MECHANICS-TRANSACTIONS OF THE ASME
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Takuya Kimura, Chie Hotehama, Atsushi Sakuda, Masahiro Tatsumisago, Akitoshi Hayashi
Summary: Understanding the differences in crystal structures and conductivities between stable and metastable phases of Li5GaS4 is crucial for improving solid electrolytes. The study found that the metastable phase of Li5GaS4 exhibited higher conductivity due to cationic disorder in its crystal structure.
Article
Physics, Fluids & Plasmas
Abderzak El Farsy, Erwan Morel, Yoann Rozier, Ludovic de Poucques, Jacques Robert, Tiberiu Minea
Summary: This study applies tunable diode laser absorption spectroscopy to measure the density and gas temperature of helium metastable (2(3)S(1)) in the ionization region of magnetron discharge. It finds that the higher the gas temperature, the lower the discharge peak current.
PLASMA SOURCES SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Physics, Multidisciplinary
Chen Jiao-Jiao, Sun Yu, Wen Jin-Lu, Hu Shui-Ming
Summary: Improvements in the cavity structure and laser cooling method significantly enhanced the precision spectroscopy of slow metastable helium atoms. The addition of Zeeman slower and two-dimensional magneto-optical trap reduces atom velocity, increases brightness, and improves the signal-to-noise ratio, leading to lower error rates.
ACTA PHYSICA SINICA
(2021)
Article
Spectroscopy
Wonwook Lee, Tuyen Ngoc Tran, Cha-Hwan Oh
Summary: In this study, a helium atmospheric pressure plasma jet (APPJ) system was constructed to generate two guided streamers. The propagation of the guided streamer and its interaction with a grounded metallic target and pulsed laser were investigated. The results showed that the target extended the lifetime of the plasma radiation and the pulsed laser enhanced the spectra of the helium APPJ. The study also examined the relationship between the time interval of the pulsed laser and the guided streamer and various parameters.
SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA PART B-ATOMIC SPECTROSCOPY
(2023)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Wonwook Lee, Sungyong Shim, Cha-Hwan Oh
Summary: This study investigated the influence of He metastable states on the E-H mode transition using a helium inductively coupled plasma (ICP) source and two diode laser systems. The population densities of 2(1)S and 2(3)S states were measured, and correlations between the E-H mode transition and the population density ratio of the 2(3)S metastable state to the 2(1)S metastable state as well as the line intensity ratio (LIR) of specific transitions were examined.
CURRENT APPLIED PHYSICS
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Alexander Krivchikov, Andrezj Jezowski, Daria Szewczyk, Oxsana A. Korolyuk, Olesya O. Romantsova, Lubov M. Buravtseva, Claudio Cazorla, Josep Ll Tamarit
Summary: This study demonstrates that the heat capacity Boson peak (BP)-like anomaly in fully ordered anharmonic molecular crystals is caused by the strong interactions between propagating (acoustic) and low-energy quasi-localized (optical) phonons. Through experimental measurements and theoretical calculations, the low-temperature specific heat of benzophenone and its fully ordered bromine derivatives is determined, revealing two mechanisms for the emergence of the BP-like anomaly.
JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY LETTERS
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Shamim Shahrokhi, Milos Dubajic, Zhi-Zhan Dai, Saroj Bhattacharyya, Richard A. Mole, Kirrily C. Rule, Mohan Bhadbhade, Ruoming Tian, Nursultan Mussakhanuly, Xinwei Guan, Yuewei Yin, Michael P. Nielsen, Long Hu, Chun-Ho Lin, Shery L. Y. Chang, Danyang Wang, Irina V. Kabakova, Gavin Conibeer, Stephen Bremner, Xiao-Guang Li, Claudio Cazorla, Tom Wu
Summary: This study reveals that phase transitions in mixed-halide hybrid perovskite crystals can be substantially suppressed through material engineering. The research also sheds light on the complex structural evolution of these materials and its correlation with the properties of organic cations and optical phonons.
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Junjun Guo, Jianguo Sun, Long Hu, Shiwen Fang, Xufeng Ling, Xuliang Zhang, Yao Wang, Hehe Huang, Chenxu Han, Claudio Cazorla, Yingguo Yang, Dewei Chu, Tom Wu, Jianyu Yuan, Wanli Ma
Summary: In this study, the natural organic dye Indigo is found to be an efficient molecular passivator for improving the stability and crystallization of hybrid perovskite films. The Indigo molecule with bifunctional chemical passivation can enhance the morphology and reduce defects of the perovskite film, resulting in higher device efficiency and stability.
ADVANCED ENERGY MATERIALS
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Renbo Zhu, Yanzhe Zhu, Fandi Chen, Robert Patterson, Yingze Zhou, Tao Wan, Long Hu, Tom Wu, Rakesh Joshi, Mengyao Li, Claudio Cazorla, Yuerui Lu, Zhaojun Han, Dewei Chu
Summary: This article reports a simple strategy to modify graphene oxide and improve the electric output of moisture-electric generators. By assembling multiple generator units in series or parallel, the electric output can be further improved. This technology has great commercial potential for flexible and wearable applications.
Article
Nanoscience & Nanotechnology
Zizhen Zhou, Dewei Chu, Bo Gao, Toshiyuki Momma, Yoshitaka Tateyama, Claudio Cazorla
Summary: Lithium-rich manganese-based oxides (LRMO) are potential cathode materials for electric applications due to their high capacity and energy density. However, poor cycle stability and capacity fading have hindered their commercialization. In this study, first-principles density functional theory (DFT) calculations were performed to understand the microscopic mechanisms of coating improvement and propose a promising coating material. The results indicated that SrTiO3 (STO) could effectively enhance the electronic transport of LNMO cathode and facilitate lithium ion diffusion. This theoretical work provides new strategies for improving cost-effective lithium-rich cathode materials through stable oxide perovskite coatings.
ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Chenxu Han, Yao Wang, Jiabei Yuan, Jianguo Sun, Xuliang Zhang, Claudio Cazorla, Xianxin Wu, Ziang Wu, Junwei Shi, Junjun Guo, Hehe Huang, Long Hu, Xinfeng Liu, Han Young Woo, Jianyu Yuan, Wanli Ma
Summary: In this study, polyelectrolyte P3CT-BA was used to improve the lifetime and fabrication efficiency of Ruddlesden-Popper phase 2D perovskite solar cells (PSCs). By tuning the properties of P3CT-BA, the contact between perovskite and hole-transport layer was improved, leading to high-efficiency and large-area 2D perovskite minimodules.
ANGEWANDTE CHEMIE-INTERNATIONAL EDITION
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Peiyuan Guan, Yanzhe Zhu, Mengyao Li, Tianyi Zeng, Xiaowei Li, Ruoming Tian, Neeraj Sharma, Zhemi Xu, Tao Wan, Long Hu, Yunjian Liu, Claudio Cazorla, Dewei Chu
Summary: In this study, a surface modification strategy was proposed to enhance the cycling and in-air storage stability of Ni-rich layered oxides in high-energy lithium-ion batteries. By coating the Ni-rich oxide with a uniform SrTiO3 layer, the electrochemical performance was significantly improved, demonstrating high discharge capacity and capacity retention. The coating acted as a buffer layer, preventing dissolution of transition metal ions and promoting lithium diffusion, while also protecting the material from exposure to H2O and CO2, thus improving the storage stability.
JOURNAL OF COLLOID AND INTERFACE SCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Mohammad Moein Seyfouri, Dawei Zhang, Cesar Menendez, Daniel Sando, Qi Zhang, Claudio Cazorla, Jan Seidel, Danyang Wang
Summary: This study investigates the thickness-dependent structural phase transitions in epitaxial BFCO films and reveals the influence of crystallographic distortions on their photoresponse. The results show a shift in bandgap and absorption onset due to the changes in crystal symmetry. First-principles calculations further elucidate the impact of crystallographic symmetry on the electronic structure. This work provides a practical strategy for engineering optoelectronic properties of multiferroic oxide films through thickness-induced phase transitions.
JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY C
(2022)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Zhemi Xu, Tianhao Ji, Shule Zhang, Peiyuan Guan, Joshua Elliott, Tao Wan, Claudio Cazorla, Dewei Chu
Summary: This work explores the defects in Mn-doped SnO2 and compares the effects of interstitial Mn and oxygen vacancies on its electronic structure. The study shows that when Mn-doped SnO2 is synthesized under Sn-rich or O-poor conditions, a defect pair of Mn substitution and interstitial is formed, leading to an energy band across the Fermi level and significant changes in the electronic structure of SnO2. The presence of Mn interstitials allows for stable multi-level resistive states and optical SET in Mn-doped SnO2 memristors, providing guidance for the fabrication of defective metal oxides and promoting research on interstitial-triggered resistive switching and optoelectronic memristors.
MATERIALS SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Physics, Multidisciplinary
Maurice de Koning, Wei Cai, Claudio Cazorla, Jordi Boronat
Summary: The mass transport properties along dislocation cores in hcp 4He are studied using a fully correlated quantum simulation approach and the PIGS method. The results show that the defective 4He systems have a negligible Bose-Einstein condensate fraction, indicating the absence of intrinsic superfluidity in dislocation cores. This challenges the interpretation of the mass-flux-experiment observations and calls for further experimental investigation.
PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Yue Jiang, Cui Ying Toe, Sajjad S. Mofarah, Claudio Cazorla, Shery L. Y. Chang, Yanting Yin, Qi Zhang, Sean Lim, Yin Yao, Ruoming Tian, Yuan Wang, Tasmia Zaman, Hamidreza Arandiyan, Gunther G. Andersson, Jason Scott, Pramod Koshy, Danyang Wang, Charles C. Sorrell
Summary: This study demonstrates the potential of using defective BaTiO3-x nanoparticles for piezo-photocatalysis of seawater, showing a promising solution to the limitations of hydrogen production such as the need for purified water and external power. The material's piezoelectric activity was enhanced through a straightforward annealing process, leading to stable piezoelectric tetragonal domains. Experimental techniques revealed the effects of reduction on the energy band structure, confirming the significant piezoelectric effect and presence of self-polarization. Hydrogen evolution was characterized using different water sources, and the results showed a substantial hydrogen evolution rate for both deionized and natural seawater. This work provides new perspectives for large-scale green H2 production using readily available piezoelectric materials with abundant natural resources.
ACS SUSTAINABLE CHEMISTRY & ENGINEERING
(2023)
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Sofia Valenti, Claudio Cazorla, Michela Romanini, Josep Lluis Tamarit, Roberto Macovez
Summary: The formation of coamorphous mixtures of drugs can improve solubility and bioavailability while enhancing stability. A kinetically stable amorphous binary mixture of diazepam and nordazepam was studied. The eutectic phase diagram showed a eutectic composition of 0.18 molar fraction of nordazepam with a eutectic melting point of 395.4 +/- 1.2 K. The mixtures exhibited higher glass-transition temperatures and were stable against crystallization. Dielectric spectroscopy revealed relaxation processes in both drugs. The attractive forces within the heteromolecular dimer were confirmed by FTIR spectroscopy and DFT simulations.
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Cibran Lopez, Agusti Emperador, Edgardo Saucedo, Riccardo Rurali, Claudio Cazorla
Summary: Solid-state electrolytes (SSEs) are crucial for green-energy conversion and storage technologies, but their design principles are still uncertain. By using first-principles materials modelling, computational power, and advanced data analysis techniques, we are making progress in solving this fundamental problem.
MATERIALS HORIZONS
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Zhao Liu, Biao Wang, Dewei Chu, Claudio Cazorla
Summary: Finding cost-effective and efficient photocatalytic materials for water splitting under visible light is a challenge in environmental material science. Researchers screened around 1000 bulk piezoelectric materials and identified about 10 promising piezo-photocatalysts through high-throughput screening and theoretical calculations.
JOURNAL OF MATERIALS CHEMISTRY A
(2022)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Claudio Cazorla, Riccardo Rurali
Summary: This study predicts the magnetophononic effects in materials undergoing antiferromagnetic (AFM) <-> ferromagnetic (FM) phase transitions, allowing for tuning of the thermal conductivity of crystals by applying magnetic fields. Using first-principles methods, a significant and anomalous increase of approximate to 40% in the lattice heat conductivity kappa(L) is predicted for the metamagnetic phase transition in bulk FeRh near room temperature. These effects are attributed to large anharmonic spin-phonon couplings causing significant differences in the phase space of allowed phonon-phonon collision processes in the respective AFM and FM phases.
