Journal
PALAEOGEOGRAPHY PALAEOCLIMATOLOGY PALAEOECOLOGY
Volume 417, Issue -, Pages 236-260Publisher
ELSEVIER
DOI: 10.1016/j.palaeo.2014.10.041
Keywords
Ammonoids; Bivalves; Foraminifera; Conodonts; Anisian; Ladinian
Funding
- FPI
- Spanish Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness [CGL2008-00093, CGL2011-24048]
- Sistemas Sedimentarios y Variabilidad Climatica of the CSIC [642853]
- Basin Analysis of the Universidad Complutense de Madrid [910429]
- Paleoclimatology and Global Change of the Universidad Complutense de Madrid [910198]
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This article reports the first integrated study of the Middle Triassic of Iberia, based on the stratigraphy, sedimentology, and fossil fauna of Muschelkalk facies of the Iberian Ranges and the Catalan Coastal Ranges in Spain. On the basis of this study, new palaeogeographic reconstructions of the westernmost Tethys are proposed, and the evolution of the different palaeogeographic domains of Iberia (e.g., Iberian, Mediterranean, and Levantine-Balearic) are described. In these domains, Muschelkalk facies record the development of wide carbonate platforms that were the consequence of the first two broad marine transgressions of the Mesozoic in Iberia, respectively, late Pelsonian-early Illyrian and late Illyrian-Longobardian. Of these marine incursions, the oldest only manifested in the Mediterranean Triassic domain (Catalan Coastal Ranges and part of the Iberian Ranges), which acted as a palaeogeographic gulf opening northwards. Most of the fauna related to this first incursion show strong affinities with the Alpine/ Germanic bioprovinces, related to the Palaeotethys. In contrast, the second transgressive episode took place in a new regional palaeogeographic setting related to the intra-Pangea dextral shear, and the northward movement of the Cimmerian microcontinent A rapid sea-level rise induced generalised marine flooding of the Iberian, Mediterranean, and Levantine-Balearic Triassic domains. The resulting carbonate platforms yield fossil assemblages (ammonoids, bivalves, foraminifera and conodonts) that show affinities with those of both the Alpine and Sephardic bioprovinces related to the Neotethys. These assemblages point to a significant increase in diversity during the late Fassanian-Longobardian, possibly related to the prevailing wider connections between the sea corridors, an increased continental-run-off and input of nutrients and/or a general cooling of marine waters. (C) 2014 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
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