Article
Entomology
Joseph L. Black, Gus M. Lorenz, Aaron J. Cato, Nick R. Bateman, Nicholas J. Seiter
Summary: This study examined the effectiveness of Helicoverpa armigera nucleopolyhedrovirus (HearNPV) in controlling different larval instars of the soybean pest Helicoverpa zea, as well as the potential for cross-generational infection. The results showed that HearNPV was effective in controlling 1st-3rd instar larvae, but not 4th or 5th instar larvae. Additionally, the second generation of larvae infected by HearNPV died faster than the first generation, indicating the potential for cross-generational infection. These findings suggest that HearNPV could be a useful tool in managing H. zea.
Article
Entomology
Wenbo Yu, Graham P. Head, Fangneng Huang
Summary: This study investigates the inheritance of resistance to Cry1A.105 toxin in the corn earworm and finds that it is controlled by a single, autosomal, nonrecessive gene. The nonrecessive nature of the resistance may be an important factor contributing to widespread resistance in maize hybrids containing Cry1A.105 in the United States.
Article
Virology
Maite Arrizubieta, Oihane Simon, Adriana Ricarte-Bermejo, Miguel Lopez-Ferber, Trevor Williams, Primitivo Caballero
Summary: This study examines the consequences of coocclusion of two different viruses, HearSNPV and HearMNPV, on the pathogenicity, stability, and host range of mixed-virus occlusion bodies (OBs). The results show that HearSNPV is more pathogenic, has higher replication efficiency, and can infect a broader range of hosts compared to HearMNPV. However, the cooccluded mixtures are unstable in serial passage, with one virus dominating depending on the host species.
Article
Entomology
Armando Falcon-Brindis, John O. Stireman, Zenaida J. Viloria, Raul T. Villanueva
Summary: Hemp has become a rapidly growing industry in the United States, but there has been relatively little research on insect pests and their interactions with natural enemies in hemp production systems. This study provides the first quantitative assessment of corn earworm (CEW) parasitism in hemp and suggests that tachinid flies hold promise as biological control agents for this important pest. The number of tachinid eggs and caterpillar body mass influenced CEW survival.
Article
Virology
Lulu Zhao, Xingjian Liu, Kai Tang, Zhifang Zhang, Huan Zhang, Yinu Li
Summary: This study characterized the biological and genetic features of HearNPV-BJ, a strain of Helicoverpa assulta nucleopolyhedrovirus. The whole genome sequence analysis revealed its high similarity with other Helicoverpa armigera nucleopolyhedroviruses and suggested that HearNPV-BJ may be a variant of this species.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Caihong Zhang, Jizhen Wei, Zaw Lin Naing, Ei Thinzar Soe, Gemei Liang
Summary: The study identified a serpin-e gene from Helicoverpa armigera, which is widely expressed and highly expressed in fourth-instar larvae and larval hemolymph. It can be induced by Cry1Ac protoxin and inhibits midgut proteases to activate Cry1Ac, contributing to the reduction of Cry1Ac insecticide activity in cotton bollworm. This suggests that serpin-e is involved in the toxicity of Cry1Ac to cotton bollworm by blocking serine protease activation of the protoxin.
PESTICIDE BIOCHEMISTRY AND PHYSIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Microbiology
Mia Miranti, Camellia Panatarani, I. Made Joni, Maharani Herawan Ossa Putri, Hikmat Kasmara, Melanie Melanie, Desak Made Malini, Wawan Hermawan
Summary: Synthetic insecticides often lead to pest resistance and harm non-target organisms. Therefore, the formulation of virus-based insecticides deserves attention. This paper reports the use of zeolite nanoparticles as a delivery system to accelerate the lethal time in controlling Spodoptera litura. The zeolite nanoparticles formulation significantly reduced the lethal time (7.67 days) compared to other methods and achieved a high mortality rate (86.4%).
Article
Agriculture, Multidisciplinary
Tiago Silva, Ying Niu, Tyler Towles, Sebe Brown, Graham P. Head, Wade Walker, Fangneng Huang
Summary: In the U.S., Helicoverpa zea is a major pest targeted by Bt proteins in transgenic maize and cotton. Resistance to Bt maize and cotton has widely occurred in the U.S. This study investigated larval survival and development of different populations of H. zea on Bt and non-Bt maize hybrids. The results showed that the dual-protein resistant H. zea was not cross-resistant to Vip3Aa20-expressing maize, and proper selection of maize hybrids could be important for mitigating the Cry1A.105/Cry2Ab2 resistance. The data generated should aid in modeling multiple-protein Bt resistance in H. zea.
JOURNAL OF INTEGRATIVE AGRICULTURE
(2023)
Article
Food Science & Technology
Ying Niu, Isaac Oyediran, Wenbo Yu, Shucong Lin, Marcelo Dimase, Sebe Brown, Francis P. F. Reay-Jones, Don Cook, Dominic Reisig, Ben Thrash, Xinzhi Ni, Silvana V. Paula-Moraes, Yan Zhang, Jeng Shong Chen, Zhimou Wen, Fangneng Huang
Summary: The study revealed that resistance to Cry1Ab is widely distributed in H. zea across the region, but populations resistant to Cry1Ab are not cross-resistant to Vip3Aa20. Additionally, H. zea in the region remains susceptible to the Vip3Aa20 toxin.
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Yuguo Jiang, Jiangfan Ma, Yongjun Wei, Yining Liu, Zhihua Zhou, Yongping Huang, Pingping Wang, Xing Yan
Summary: This study presented an artificial biosynthetic pathway for the aldehyde components of Helicoverpa armigera sex pheromones using engineered yeasts. By manipulating different yeast strains, the de novo synthesis of important components such as (Z)-11-hexadecenoic acid, (Z)-9-hexadecenal was achieved, and their biological activity was confirmed through effectiveness assays.
Article
Agronomy
Tao Dou, Sufen Bai, Futao Gao, Liangheng Tian, Junhua Zhu, Xiaohang Gu, Xifa Yang, Youwu Hao, Shiheng An, Xiangyang Liu, Xinming Yin
Summary: This study found that a combination of Helicoverpa armigera nucleopolyhedrovirus (HearNPV) and Campoletis chlorideae could improve the efficacy of biological control against Helicoverpa armigera. Additionally, HearNPV infection had negative effects on the development and reproduction of Campoletis chlorideae.
PEST MANAGEMENT SCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
T. Kiran, J. N. Mangala, K. Anjana, D. Manjulakumari
Summary: The research found that female Helicoverpa armigera injected with recombinant RCIS showed significantly reduced receptivity and calling behavior, with mating frequencies decreasing by 80%. This suggests that recombinant RCIS may be used to artificially induce non-receptivity in virgin females to prevent reproduction.
INSECT MOLECULAR BIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Agronomy
Karim El Fakhouri, Rachid Boulamtat, Abdelhadi Sabraoui, Mustapha El Bouhssini
Summary: This study assessed yield losses and pod damage caused by H. armigera on chickpea crops and found effective biological and selective insecticides for control. The results demonstrate that two applications of emamectin benzoate or indoxacarb significantly reduced H. armigera larval population and pod damage.
Article
Entomology
Saika Manzoor, Mudasir Gani, Taskeena Hassan, Insha Shafi, Fehim Jeelani Wani, Shabnum Mumtaz, Gozde Busra Eroglu, Munazah Yaqoob, Mohd Ayoob Mantoo
Summary: The study evaluated the potential of local and exotic Helicoverpa armigera Nuclear Polyhedrosis Virus (HearNPV) isolates for biocontrol purposes. The results showed that the local isolate had higher mortality rates, indicating its potential for use in organic farming and reduction of chemical insecticide usage.
EGYPTIAN JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL PEST CONTROL
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Abigail Ngugi-Dawit, Isaac Njaci, Thomas J. Higgins, Brett Williams, Sita R. Ghimire, Sagadevan G. Mundree, Linh Thi My Hoang
Summary: This study conducted proteomic analysis to compare the protein profiles of a pigeonpea tolerant accession and a susceptible variety to Helicoverpa armigera. The tolerant accession showed enhanced defense responses, including changes in secondary metabolite precursors, antioxidants, and the phenylpropanoid pathway. The findings suggest that IBS 3471 is a promising candidate for improving the genetic base of cultivated pigeonpea with traits for host plant resistance.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2021)
Article
Virology
Eugene V. Ryabov, Krisztina Christmon, Matthew C. Heerman, Francisco Posada-Florez, Robert L. Harrison, Yanping Chen, Jay D. Evans
Article
Microbiology
Alexander E. Gorbalenya, Mart Krupovic, Arcady Mushegian, Andrew M. Kropinski, Stuart G. Siddell, Arvind Varsani, Michael J. Adams, Andrew J. Davison, Bas E. Dutilh, Balazs Harrach, Robert L. Harrison, Sandra Junglen, Andrew M. Q. King, Nick J. Knowles, Elliot J. Lefkowitz, Max L. Nibert, Luisa Rubino, Sead Sabanadzovic, Helene Sanfacon, Peter Simmonds, Peter J. Walker, F. Murilo Zerbini, Jens H. Kuhn
NATURE MICROBIOLOGY
(2020)
Article
Zoology
Holly J. R. Popham, Daniel L. Rowley, Robert L. Harrison
Summary: The study assessed the virulence of several SfMNPV isolates towards larvae of both corn-strain and rice-strain fall armyworm, identifying isolates with superior properties for control of fall armyworm. This adds to our knowledge of the genetics of SfMNPV.
JOURNAL OF INVERTEBRATE PATHOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Entomology
Yiming Wang, Robert L. Harrison, Juan Shi
Summary: The study compared the effects of varying larval density on European gypsy moth and Asian gypsy moth populations, finding that all populations displayed optimal larval survival, pupation, and emergence rates at an intermediate larval density. While differences were observed among populations in terms of larval development, survival, and emergence, the study suggests that density-dependent effects on the development of different gypsy moth populations and subspecies follow similar trends.
Article
Virology
Peter J. Walker, Stuart G. Siddell, Elliot J. Lefkowitz, Arcady R. Mushegian, Evelien M. Adriaenssens, Poliane Alfenas-Zerbini, Andrew J. Davison, Donald M. Dempsey, Bas E. Dutilh, Maria Laura Garcia, Balazs Harrach, Robert L. Harrison, R. Curtis Hendrickson, Sandra Junglen, Nick J. Knowles, Mart Krupovic, Jens H. Kuhn, Amy J. Lambert, Malgorzata Lobocka, Max L. Nibert, Hanna M. Oksanen, Richard J. Orton, David L. Robertson, Luisa Rubino, Sead Sabanadzovic, Peter Simmonds, Donald B. Smith, Nobuhiro Suzuki, Koenraad Van Dooerslaer, Anne-Mieke Vandamme, Arvind Varsani, Francisco Murilo Zerbini
Summary: This article reports the changes to virus taxonomy approved and ratified by ICTV in March 2021. All proposals and revisions were passed by an absolute majority of ICTV members. ICTV mandated a new uniform rule for virus species naming, abolished the notion of a type species, and clarified its remit through an official definition of 'virus' and other types of mobile genetic elements.
ARCHIVES OF VIROLOGY
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Shunsuke Tanaka, Robert L. Harrison, Hiroshi Arai, Yukie Katayama, Tetsuya Mizutani, Maki N. Inoue, Joel Miles, Sean D. G. Marshall, Christopher Kitalong, Madoka Nakai
Summary: The study found that coconut rhinoceros beetles in Palau are infected with two haplotypes and the OrNV-Palau1 virus strain, which may affect the nature and extent of OrNV-induced pathology in Palauan populations of CRB.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2021)
Editorial Material
Virology
Eugene V. Ryabov, Robert L. Harrison
Article
Genetics & Heredity
Robert L. Harrison, Daniel L. Rowley
Summary: The complete genome sequence of a new baculovirus species, Olene mendosa nucleopolyhedrovirus (OlmeNPV), isolated from the brown tussock moth, was determined. Analysis of the sequence suggests that this virus may have shifted hosts from a Lymantria species to an ancestral Olene species. OlmeNPV shows significant genetic differences from other related viruses.
Article
Virology
Robert L. Harrison, Daniel L. Rowley
Summary: In this study, we analyzed the genome of a novel Alphabaculovirus from the rice case bearer in Kerala, India. The analysis revealed that the virus belongs to the group I clade of viruses in the genus Alphabaculovirus, but its placement within the group was uncertain. The genome also contained a unique ORF encoding a homolog of Ran GTPase, suggesting recent horizontal gene transfer from a lepidopteran host.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Yi-Ming Wang, Michael E. Sparks, Robert L. Harrison, Juan Shi
Summary: The spongy moth Lymantria dispar consists of two biotypes, the European spongy moth (ESM) and the Asian spongy moth (ASM). The ASM, which is distributed in China, Russia, Korea, and Japan, is classified as a quarantine pest due to its superior flight ability compared to the ESM. By comparing the transcriptional profiles of ESM and ASM, genes related to egg production and energy production were identified.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2022)
Article
Virology
Hugo de Paula Oliveira, Ethiane R. dos Santos, Robert L. Harrison, Bergmann Morais Ribeiro, Daniel M. P. Ardisson-Araujo
Summary: In this study, a large-scale in silico search was conducted to identify putative tRNA genes in baculovirus genomes. The analysis revealed diverse tRNA genes with variations in structure, location, and anti-codon identity. Some genes showed a bias for the codons specified by the tRNAs present in their genomes. Additionally, evidence of transcription and modification of viral tRNA genes was found through analysis of small RNA deep sequencing data. Further research is required to understand the expression and functionality of these viral tRNAs.
Article
Virology
Monique M. van Oers, Elisabeth A. Herniou, Johannes A. Jehle, Peter J. Krell, Adly M. M. Abd-Alla, Bergmann M. Ribeiro, David A. Theilmann, Zhihong Hu, Robert L. Harrison
Summary: Viruses of four families of arthropod-specific large dsDNA viruses possess homologs of genes involved in the baculovirus primary infection mechanism, suggesting a common origin. The class Naldaviricetes and the order Lefavirales were recently established to accommodate these viruses and their shared characteristics. A system for binomial naming of virus species in the order Lefavirales was also established, following a decision by the ICTV to standardize virus nomenclature.
ARCHIVES OF VIROLOGY
(2023)
Article
Entomology
Michael E. Sparks, Yi-Ming Wang, Juan Shi, Robert L. Harrison
Summary: The spongy moth virus Lymantria dispar iflavirus 1 (LdIV1) was found in female moths from both the USA and China populations. The genomes of LdIV1 variants were compared and divided into clades based on the geographic origin of their hosts. The presence of LdIV1 RNA was detected at high levels in all samples, showing a wide range of LdIV1 reads in the sequenced volume.
